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in material testing, a material response to varying loading conditions, including magnitude, cycling, and mode

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in material testing, a material responce to constant loading

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natural or synthetic materials; can be stretched 200% of their length at room temperature and can return quickly to original length after force is released

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a type of plastic that is formed into a desired shape by applying hear and pressure being cooled; may not be remolded

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a type of plastic that is formed into a desired shape by applying heat and pressure and being cooled; may be heated and remolded

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the two polymeric subgroups

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(also called a composition material or shortened to composite, which is the common name) is a material made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties that, when combined, produce a material with characteristics different from the individual

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s a large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of millions of repeated linked units, each a relatively light and simple molecule. Because of their broad range of properties, both synthetic and natural polymers play an essential and ubiquitous role in everyday life.

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Organic matter, organic material, or natural organic matter refers to the large pool of carbon-based compounds found within natural and engineered, terrestrial and aquatic environments.

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an inorganic, non-metallic, often crystalline oxide, nitride or carbide material. Some elements, such as carbon or silicon, may be considered ceramics. Ceramic materials are brittle, hard, strong in compression, weak in shearing and tension.

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and metallurgy. Definition. Metallic Materials – Materials that are like metal; having the properties of metal; containing or consisting of metal.

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metal element compounds- used due to the engineered properties of the compound

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non‐chemical combination of any two or more substances; do not have a definite ratio and can be physically separated

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created when two or more elements are chemically combined; can only be broken down through chemical processes, not physical
processes

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possess both metallic and nonmetallic properties

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solids are dull, brittle, and powdery; electrons are tightly attracted and restricted to one
atom; poor conductors of heat and electricity

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good conductors of heat and electricity, hard, shiny, reflect light, malleable ductile, typically have one to three valence electrons.

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consists of only one type of particle or atom; cannot be broken down

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substances out of which all things are made

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Mechanical Properties, Wear of Materials, Corrosion, Ability to manufacture, Cost, 

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Mechanical Properties, Wear of Materials, Corrosion, Ability to manufacture, Cost, 

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List four elements that must be considered when selecting materials.

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List two types of fullerenes that are used in nanotechnology

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The branch of technology that deals with dimensions and tolerances of less than 100 nanometers, especially the manipulation of individual atoms and molecules.

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is an example of a destructive test.

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R-values are used to express The capacity of an insulating material to resist heat flow

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rusting is an example of ...

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If magnetic _______ is high, the materials will allow magnetic flow.

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Describe the difference between stress and strain.

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Describe the difference between stress and strain.

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Stress measures the deforming force per unit are of an object whereas strain measures the relative change in length caused by a deforming force

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Density is an example of a _______ property.

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Materials that are both insulators and conductors

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In fiberglass, the plastic is known as the Matrix and the strands of glass are the Fibers.

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Materials that are a combination of two or more materials

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have very strong chemical bonds and cannot be reshaped when heated.

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are materials that are made up of a long chain of molecules that form a much larger molecule.

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are nonmetallic solids made from inorganic material.

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are not organic materials

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is a metal made of copper and zinc

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is the most common element.

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ASTM or American Society for Testing and Materials

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ASTM or American Society for Testing and Materials

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is an international standards organization that develops and publishes voluntary consensus technical standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems, and services.

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The main function of the _______ organization is to develop material test standards.

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-is the understanding and modification of the structure and properties of materials to improve the performance and processing of the materials.

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Ultrasonic nondestructive testing, also known as ultrasonic NDT or simply UT, is a method of characterizing the thickness or internal structure of a test piece through the use of high frequency sound waves.

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is a heat property and a measurement of a temperature difference by which an object or material resists a heat flow. Thermal resistance is the reciprocal of thermal conductance. (Absolute) thermal resistance R in K/W is a property of a particular component. ... m)/W is a material constant.

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A measure of the ability of a material to transfer heat. Given two surfaces on either side of the material with a temperature difference between them, the thermal conductivity is the heat energy transferred per unit time and per unit surface area, divided by the temperature difference.

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a measurement of the force required to pull something such as rope, wire, or a structural beam to the point where it breaks. The tensile strength of a material is the maximum amount of tensile stress that it can take before failure, for example breaking.

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Strain is the response of a system to an applied stress. When a material is loaded with a force, it produces a stress, which then causes a material to deform. Engineering strain is defined as the amount of deformation in the direction of the applied force divided by the initial length of the material.

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force tending to cause deformation of a material by slippage along a plane or planes parallel to the imposed stress. The resultant shear is of great importance in nature, being intimately related to the down slope movement of earth materials and to earthquakes.

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(also known as resistivity, specific electrical resistance, or volume resistivity) quantifies how strongly a given material opposes the flow of electric current. A low resistivity indicates a material that readily allows the movement of electric charge.

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Radiographic Testing (RT) is a nondestructive examination (NDE) technique that involves the use of either x-rays or gamma rays to view the internal structure of a component.

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Materials Science and Engineering: Polymers. ... A polymer (the name means "many parts") is long chain molecule made up many repeating units, called monomers. Polymers can be natural (organic) or synthetic.

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describes the deformation of a (solid) material undergoing non-reversible changes of shape in response to applied forces. For example, a solid piece of metal being bent or pounded into a new shape displays plasticity as permanent changes occur within the material itself.

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is a wide group of analysis techniques used in science and technology industry to evaluate the properties of a material, component or system without causing damage.

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A nanowire is a wire of dimensions of the order of a nanometer (10−9 meters). ... Molecular nanowires are composed of repeating molecular units either organic or inorganic. Note: The above text is excerpted from the Wikipedia article "Nanowire", which has been released under the GNU Free Documentation License.

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are an allotrope of carbon. They take the form of cylindrical carbon molecules and have novel properties that make them potentially useful in a wide variety of applications in nanotechnology, electronics, optics and other fields of materials science.

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Nanoscience and nanotechnology are the study and application of extremely small things and can be used across all the other science fields, such as chemistry, biology, physics, materials science, and engineering.

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particles between 1 and 100 nanometres (nm) in size with a surrounding interfacial layer. ... In nanotechnology, a particle is defined as a small object that behaves as a whole unit with respect to its transport and properties. Particles are further classified according to diameter.

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any of various opaque, fusible, ductile, and typically lustrous substances that are good conductors of electricity and heat, form cations by loss of electrons, and yield basic oxides and hydroxides especially : one that is a chemical element as distinguished from an alloy.

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The temperature at which a solid, given sufficient heat, becomes a liquid.

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The interdisciplinary field of materials science, also commonly termed materials science and engineering is the design and discovery of new materials, particularly solids. ... Materials science still incorporates elements of physics, chemistry, and engineering.

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(also sometimes known as design for manufacturing or DFM) is the general engineering practice of designing products in such a way that they are easy to manufacture. ... These DFM guidelines help to precisely define various tolerances, rules and common manufacturing checks related to DFM.

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is the ability of a chemical to burn or ignite, causing fire or combustion. The degree of difficulty required to cause the combustion of a chemical is quantified through fire testing. Usually materials are rated as highly flammable, flammable and non-flammable.

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refers to the material's ability to deform in a non-permanent way, meaning that when the stress load is removed from the material it will recover its original form. ... Engineers need to refer to stress-strain diagrams, because engineering design usually stays within the limitations of the elastic stresses.

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the tests which are carried out to the specimens failure. Benefits: Verifies properties of a material. Determines quality of welds. Helps you to reduce failures, accidents and costs.

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is the deterioration of materials by chemical interaction with their environment. The term corrosion is sometimes also applied to the degradation of plastics, concrete and wood, but generally refers to metals.

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is the capacity of a material or structure to withstand loads tending to reduce size, as opposed to tensile strength, which withstands loads tending to elongate.

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(also called a composition material or shortened to composite, which is the common name) is a material made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties that, when combined, produce a material with characteristics different from the individual.

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the science and technology of creating objects from inorganic, non-metallic materials

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a molecule called Buckminsterfullerene. Composed of 60 carbon atoms formed in the shape of a hollow ball, buckyballs have, as yet, little practical use, although they do make up nanotubes, which have some uses.

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defines a material's ability to conduct electricity. ... Factors such as temperature have a large effect on conductivity. Resistivity is the reciprocal of conductivity so that a material with high conductivity has low Resistivity, and a material with high resistance is, by definition, a poor conductor.

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any substance that has been engineered to interact with biological systems for a medical purpose

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a combination of metals or of a metal and another element

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A document that summarizes the performance and other technical characteristics of a product, machine, component (e.g., an electronic component), material, a subsystem (e.g., a power supply) or software in sufficient detail that allows design engineer to understand the role of the component in the overall system.

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The automatic process of generating a photorealistic or non-photorealistic image from a 2D or 3D model by means of computer programs.

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A rough or unfinished drawing or painting, often made to assist in making a more finished picture.

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A first, typical or preliminary model of something, especially a machine, from which other forms are developed or copied.

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The reproduction of another manufacturer's product following detailed examination of its construction or composition.

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Rapid prototyping is a group of techniques used to quickly fabricate a scale model of a physical part or assembly using three-dimensional computer aided design data.

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A problem statement is a concise description of an issue to be addressed or a condition to be improved upon.

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A view of an object (actual or imagined) as it would be seen by an observer who looks at the object either in a chosen direction or from a selected point of view.

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A means of representing three-dimensional objects in two dimensions.

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An illustration by which a standardized series of orthographic two-dimensional pictures is constructed to represent the form of a three-dimensional object.

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A model that has three dimensions.

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A scale drawing of a mechanical or architectural structure done with precision instruments.

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The formation of ideas or concepts.

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Is used to record ideas, inventions, experimentation records, observations and all work details is a vital part of any laboratory process.

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The process of devising a system, component, or process to meet desired needs.

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A drawing, at relatively large scale, of a part of a building, machine, etc., with dimensions or other information for use in construction.

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A document for a design and a appliance for cleaning project developed by a person or team in consultation with the 'client'.

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The automated control of machining tools by means of a computer, in which a NC machine operates on a piece of material to transform it to precise specifications.

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The use of computer systems to aid in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a design.

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The reproduction of the behavior of a system using a computer.

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Produce an idea or way of solving a problem by holding a spontaneous group discussion.