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The Origins of Slavery Slavery has been happening for nearly as long as there has been a social stratus. It didn't occur during the hunter- gatherer period since everyone was equal....

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History.com Staff. Slavery in America. History.com. A+ E Networks. Web. September 19, 2017

http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/slavery

This article talks about how slaves were brought to America and became more common. African slaves were brought to English colonies to work but were not educated. This relates to Octavian Nothing, because Bono's mother was brought and shipped to America while she was pregnant with him. Bono was then given to 03-01 in Boston, Massachusetts for work.

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Stratford Hall, Slavery. Web. 19 September 2017
http://www.stratfordhall.org/educational-resources/teacher-resources/slavery/
This article does not state the authors name.
This article is about slaves, how slaves were traded and transported to new locations, and how many slaves lives were. In the 1700s, many slaves were captured from the west coast of Africa and transported by ship to America by the middle passage. The middle passage was a horrible journey where hundreds of slaves were chained together for months and taken to another continent. Many people on the ship contracted diseases or died. Slaves had very little control of their lives. Many became slaves at birth. Most slaves were brought to America to help with agriculture problems. Slaves were given few articles of clothing, a small house, and little privacy.
The intended audience for this piece were people interested in the lives of slaves.
This article relates to Octavian Nothing because it gives the reader an understanding of how privelaged Octavian is compared to most slaves. Octavian was imported on ship (in his mothers stomach) to the college. Octavian was not brought to the college to be an agricultural worker, but was just an extra used as a test subject.

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Racist ideas | Black and white in Britain | The wider world | After Slavery | Bristol and Transatlantic Slavery | PortCities Bristol

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As the slave trade developed, Europeans created a racist ideology which could be used to justify the trade. Africans were thought to be sub-human, uncivilised, and inferior to Europeans in every way. And as they were 'not one of us', they could be bought and sold.

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National Geographic Education Staff, Caryl Sue, National Geographic Society. National Geographic.  Web. 18 September 2017.

This source is about slavery and how it went along and grew across America. It includes a timeline showing the production of slavery. Slaves were apart of the slave trade that gave slaves away in trade for other things such as salt, cotton, tobacco, and Negroes. National Geographic is credible because they include sources where they got their information from. This relates to Octavian Nothing because Octavian and his mother were both bought from the slave trade by Mr. Gitney, 03-01, while Princess Casseopeia was pregnant with Octavian. Octavian and his mother were brought on a ship and 03-01 was there to pick up his newly bought slaves. Octavian did not find out about the slave information until Bono told him one day along with that the same thing happened to him. Bono too was a baby in his mother's stomach when they were purchased too.

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Slavery in America." History.com. History.com, 2017. Web. 19 Sept. 2017.
<http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/slavery>
This article is about how slavery in America was started and what they were used as such as to help as a production of tobacco but then it turned to more than that and they became slaves and started to work permanently. It even shows how they transported the slaves from place to place and they didn't like it. They just took them to where they came from and they used them as objects where they used at and they didn't care about how they felt. They put them to work in harsh conditions and they didn't even care about how they felt. It also explains how they were used and the ways they worked for the English or the whites. The author is credible because its History.com and they all know about what has happened about the past and they usually use professors from good colleges and that have good experience with history. This relates to Octavian Nothing because it shows how they were taken from there home land and used somewhere else. Just like Octavian's mom and how she was taken from her kingdom to go to the college to provide experiments for Mr.Gitney and to have Octavian and for him to also be an experiment. This article was meant for people that want to stop slavery and for people that want to learn about the origin of slavery and how and where it started. They both include how slaves were moved all over the place until someone wanted them and how they were used. Just like Octavian's mom was used for her benefits.

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Theurer, Rhiannon."Essays on Slave Communities". Legacy of Slavery in Maryland. Electronic Publication. Web September 18, 2017. http://slavery.msa.maryland.gov/html/antebellum/essay6n.html
This article is about how gender in slavery matters less. Men and women were treated the same by their masters. But They have and exception for pregnant slave women, this was because a slave child was an investment. This related to Octavian Nothing because Octavian's mother was bought as a slave from Mr. Witney. Though his mother was pregnant, which means they, Octavian and his mother was both bought. Octavian was therefore bought as an investment. The targeted audience for this article are, teens and/or adults from Maryland researching the topic of slaver and gender. There are no credentials on Rhiannon Theurer.

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Harper, Douglas. Slavery in the
North/ Slavery in
Massachusetts. slavenorth.
2003. Web. 18 Sep. 2017.      <slavenorth.com/massachusetts.htm>

This article discussed the subject of slavery in Massachusetts. Massachusetts was the very first colony in England to hold slaves. Slaves were black people or Africans. Africans were enslaved at war and were transported to West Indies from West Africa. Slaves were then sold at Massachusetts, and those who bought and traded for them used them to handle their business. Many people who were Calvinists believed that blacks were condmded by God, therefore were here to be slaves of the whites. The whites are very racist to the black people and even tell them that they are Adam and Noah's miserable children and that slavery is their punishment. One way Massachusetts obtained their slaves were by kidnaping them from Africa. Although Massachusetts was one of the only colonies to noticed that doing this was wrong by biblical authority. Later on after the end of slavery blacks were great in numbers and worried many so they began to punish them to avoid a rebellion.
The author of this piece is Douglas Harper. Harper is a lecture, author, journalist, and a historian, with a degree in history and english.
Harpers intended audience of this piece was for students and other historians. Students would benefit from this piece by using it to reference slavery in the 1600 and 1700s. Historians can also benefit from this source because historians provide each other with information to help each other use lots of facts and information in their own pieces. This article is greatly related to the events that occurred in the book, Octavian Nothing,  by M.T. Anderson. This article addresses slavery in Boston, Massachusetts in the 1600s and the 1700s, which is where Octavian's mom met Mr. 03-01. Mr. 03-01 herd of Octavian's mom's arrival by a slavery advertisement. The advertisement was of an auction in Boston for slaves. Octavian's mom was a slave that was in this action in which Mr.03-01 obtained her. Mr. 03-01 the took her in as a slave while she was pregnant with Octavian. The article noted that they were in need of slaves "so the colonists might capture enough Indian men, women, and children to exchange" (Harper). This article also provides other information, like this, in order to make inferences about Octavian's mom's real history.  This piece of evidence demonstrates that they kidnapped Africans so that they had enough slaves to sell and trade. Octavian's mom could have been kidnapped so that she could be sold as a slave.

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History staff. Slavery in America. History.com. A+E Networks. Web. September 20, 2017.
http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/slavery

This article is about the history and treatment of slaves. It talks about slavery from the 1600s to the 1700s. Slaves were treated badly and were not educated. Slaves were sold on ships often crammed into ships. In Octavian Nothing had similar events. Both Bono and Octavian's mom were both transported on a ship to be sold to 03-01. Slaves were also ordered to serve the master's orders. In Octavian Nothing shows the actions of Bono and they are what slaves are described to doing. For example Bono was the driver for 03-01 and all of his friends to the picnic. Bono was not invited to the picnic but stood in the background, waiting for 03-01's word to drive them all back to the college

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"African American History Timeline: 1701-1800". Black Past. Web. September 19, 2017
<http://www.blackpast.org/timelines/african-american-history-timeline-1700-1800>
This article is about the events that occurred to African Americans during the 1700s to the 1800s. It includes events that happened in each colony during this time about African Americans. It includes information about slave laws, black education, racial restrictions, and emancipation among other topics. In the late 1700s in Massachusetts there was a book published by a black woman, there were also petitions for blacks to have freedom, and in 1780 Massachusetts abolished slavery. The main founder of this website was a Professor of American History at the University of Washington and his graduate assistant but as the website grew there are contributions from academic historians from colleges and universities around the nation along with graduate and undergraduate students as well. The intended audience for this article is people who are interested in African American history and want to discover what occurred to African Americans in the past along with their experiences. This article relates to Octavian Nothing because it can show us how the outside events of what occurred which could have impacted a character's decision in the novel. With the events of what is happening in Massachusetts we can make conclusions about why certain events are happening in the book.With the information that there were petitions for black freedom we can draw the conclusion that Octavian most likely heard of these and began to think about his freedom. When slavery was abolished in Massachusetts Octavian was deeply impacted by this decision since he was now free. The events of the colonies relates to novel because of the impacts it has on the characters .

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http://www.bl.uk/learning/histcitizen/campaignforabolition/abolitionbackground/abolitionintro.html
⦁ Web-based article, "the Guardian "by author David Olsoga, discuss the propaganda campaign, along with the institution of British slavery, and how it was ultimately defeated by the moral energy of the abolotionist campaign, and by the determination of slaves of the Carribbean to resist their enslavement.  Recent debates about slavery in Britain and the U.S. have focused on the legacies that those people bequeathed to black people of the Carribbean and the U.S. decendents of the slaves.  What is sometimes overlooked is that the racial ideas of the pro-slavery lobby were also aimed at Africans in their home continent. The impact of Atlantic slavery on Africa can be measured not just on the terms of underdevelopment and depopulation. This is similar to Octavion Nothing because Octavion found out that Bono and his mother was sold into slavery while he was in her womb. Then later found out that him and his mother went through the same thing as Bono and his mother. The fact that women being sold into slavery while being pregnant was popular because they are cheaper that way so many women went through this.
⦁ Article -" In 1807, the British government passed a act of parliament abolishing the slave trade throughout the British Empire. Slavery itself would persist in the British colonies until it's final abolition in 1838. However, aolitionists would continue campaigning against the international trade of slaves after this date." This relates to Octavion Nothing because the time when Octavion finds out that Bono has been a slave his whole life by him explaining to him that when you are bought into slavery the only time that you are free is when you are born.

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History.com Staff. "Slavery in America." History.com. A&E Television Networks, 2009. Web. 18 September 2017. <www.history.com>
This source explains the beginning of slavery, how slaves were treated, and how slavery ended. Slavery began in the early 1800's when the first African slaves were brought to Jamestown, Virginia, and it spread from there. Slaves were denied many rights Europeans and white indentured slaves were given, including the right to learn how to read and write. Free blacks and white people who were against slavery helped slaves escape to the North through the Underground Railroad. In 1860, when Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the south formed the Confederate States of America. Then from 1861 to 1865 the Civil War waged with the Confederate States of America, pro-slavery battling the Union, anti-slavery. The Union was victorious and so Abraham Lincoln signed the preliminary emancipation proclamation to abolish slavery for good. The author is a reliable authority figure because he is part of the History.com staff. This website centers on the history of the world we live in. This relates to Octavian Nothing because it shows how different Octavian's life was compared to the lives of other slaves around him.

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Thelin, Josh, et al. “Anti-Slavery and the Enlightenment in Early America.” HISTORY 341 HOMEPAGE, Web. 20 Sept. 2017. <http://public.gettysburg.edu/~tshannon/341/sites/Enlightenment/jim's%20page.htm>.
This source is about how slavery was slowly being abolished during the enlightenment period. Slavery was mostly abolished by religion. Most of the traders and the slave owners were religious people of the colony. The Quakers or the Society of Friends was established in Pennsylvania and they wanted freedom of religion in their colonies. Instead of making slaves do labor, the founder of the Quaker religion, George Fox, wanted to educated them so that they can help for the plantation economy. Also, there was a man named Samuel Sewell. He was the first to publish an anti-slavery pamphlet talking about his argument about slavery through religion and the Bible. His pamphlet helped outlaw slavery in New England. There were many enlightenment thinkers during this time which helped spread their concerns in slavery. Some of those people were Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson. They both knew why it was best for America to abolish slavery and knew everyone needed their own freedom.

There were many authors for this source and are all credible because they are all from Gettysburg college. This demonstrates that these students from the college have lots of knowledge in this topic. The intended audience for this source is middle and high school students who are interested in learning about the Enlightenment in America. Not only does this source gives information about slavery, but also religion, scientific researches, and medicine during The Enlightenment, so this can help these students in wide varieties.

This relates to the novel Octavian Nothing because this was in the same time period. The Enlightenment Thinkers wanted to abolish slavery and Octavian turned out to be a privileged slave, according to Bono. The Quakers, who were mentioned in the source, were involved in the slave trading, which Octavian and his mother were both brought to America by. While, Octavian is learning at the College of Lucidity, he is slowly obtaining the information on who he is and how bad of positions he is at. Even though he may be a privileged slave, he has found the real purpose of slave through Bono when talking with him one day while he was doing his work.

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"Slavery in the United States."www.civilwar.org. Web. September 19. 2017.

<https://www.civilwar.org/learn/articles/slavery-united-states>

This article is about the slave trade from 1700 to 1800. It explains the reasons and excuses that European people were coming up with to excuse the way that they treat African Americans.

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Slavery in America
<http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/slavery>

This article discusses a general topic of colonial slavery. It tells of the different ranks, how it began, its legacy, and so forth. This source even goes into the rise of the abolition movement, the civil war, and the emancipation proclamation. The author for this piece is the staff at History.com. History.com is a reliable source. It is the well-known History channel's official page. This channel very common on television. It has everything from it's own drama shows to shows with historical experts that discuss different topics and events in history. The intended audience for the article can range anywhere from a middle school student to older individuals interested in the topic. This article is related to Octavian nothing because he and his mother are slaves themselves. This source gives readers a better understanding of how Octavian and Cassiopeia's lives would be without Mr. Gitney's protection. It goes over how they would be treated, how hard they would have to work, and in general, how hard their lives would be in colonial America.

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Introduction to Colonial African American Life. History. The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Web. 18 Sep. 2017.<http://www.history.org/almanack/people/african/aaintro.cfm> .

This source is about how life for Africans were in the colonies. It talks about the type of life that these Africans had to go through in the colonies. The article explains that Africans had to go through slavery, and how what they had to do as slaves. The Americas needed an extra labor support, so they used Africans as slaves. These slaves worked in a variety of labors. Most of the slaves worked on tobacco farms in Chesapeake. Tobacco farms took an extreme amount of labor. It then moves on to talking about slaves who work on farms. These kinds of slaves were kept busy all year. They were usually in families, but went through brutal punishments. This was because they were seen as less valuable. Also some slaves worked in households. The final part of this source explains how slavery was a part of the 18th century. There is no author to this text, but the website is supported by the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, which is a good source because it has to do with the colonial times. The intended audience are people who wish to know the ways that Africans were put to work. Also people who want to know the life of Africans in the colonial times. This relates to Octavian Nothing because it talks about how slaves were used in the time of the colonial times. It also relates to Octavian Nothing because it's during the same time period as when Octavian was living in, and also it is dealing with the same issues as the story line in Octavian Nothing. In Octavian nothing 03-01 has slaves, just like described in the article.

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Bourne, Jenny. "Slavery in the United States." EH.net Encyclopedia. 26 Mar. 2008. Web. 19 Sep. 2017.
<http://eh.net/encyclopedia/slavery-in-the-united-states/>.

This source is about the origins of slaves, the rights that slaves had, and the way slaves were sold, hired, and transported. It also explains the advanced statistics of slavery in the United States such as the slave population in each colony, how many slave owners there were, and how many slaves each slave owner had. The author of this article is Jenny Bourne. She goes to college at Carelton College. This source is reliable because she provides a bibliography with the sources that she used. The intended audience are the people who want to know more about slavery in the United States. This relates to Octavian Nothing because 03-01, a scientist, is a slave owner who bought Octavian's mother after reading about her in the newspaper. Also, Octavian's mother was pregnant with him when 03-01 bought her. This compares to the article because it talks about how fertile women have a premium price which meant that slave owners had to pay more for pregnant women.

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Harper, Douglas. "Slavery in Massachusetts". Slavery in the North. 2003. Web. 19 Sept 2017. http://slavenorth.com/massachusetts.htm

This source is about how slavery came to Massachusetts, the origin of slavery and when it started to flourish. It also talked about how even though slavery went against certain religious belief, the colonists really didn't care. The author, Douglas Harper is a historian, author, journalist, and lecturer with a degree in history and English from Dickinson College. The intended audience is Harper's students or people researching in this subject because of his background in lecturing. This relates to Octavian Nothing because it gives context of how Octavian and his mother got to Massachusetts and to the College of Lucidity. It also shows how their intended purpose wasn't to be a human experiment, but rather to have hard labor for almost nothing in return. This article also reveals how Octavian and his mother's life would've been if it took a different turn.

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History.com Staff. "Slavery in America." History.com, A&E Television Networks, 2009. Web. 19 Sept. 2017
<www.history.com/topics/black-history/slavery>

This source is about the history of slavery such as: how slaves were transported, punishments given, the labor work, and reasons why people needed slaves. There is no background information about the author. This source's intended audience is people who want to know how slaves got here, why they were brought here, and people who are interested in the history of it all. It relates to Octavian Nothing because Octavian has a slave to his name which is Pro Bono. Bono is a servant which was one of the types of labors listed in the source. He is a slave and in the source it touches upon the subject that if a pregnant woman gives birth as a slave the child will either stay with the slave owner or be sold/traded.

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Kristine, Tucker. "Early Slavery in America Colonies Before the 1800s". classroom.synonym.com. Web. September 15, 2017.
<http://classroom.synonym.com/early-slavery-american-colonies-before-1800s-16093.html>
This article talks about slavery in America during the 1600s and 1700s. Slaves, majority African, were used by white settlers for labor such as farming. White settlers tricked Africans into searching for a better life, however they were trapped in slavery.  Indentured servants were African contract workers who had to work for a specified amount of time, most commonly five years. Servants had a free fare that crossed the Atlantic Ocean to their new employers in America. As a reward for their labor they were given money, land, food, weapons, and/or freedom. Jamestown, Massachusetts was the first town to import Africans. Virginia relied on these African contract workers to work the fields. Virginia was known for their tobacco production. On 1662 the state created a law that let the child of a black mother rather be free or a slave according to their mother's status. This law caused a decrease of slave population, but by 1790, 40 percent of Virginia's population were slaves. Slavery was legalized first by Massachusetts then followed by Connecticut. Laws were enforced of the freedom of the slave and the punishment for escaping. Instead of working a certain period of time, slaves were expected to work a lifetime. Slaves did not have any right to set n argument with this. Slaves were treated the worse during the 1700s. Some harsh laws were created like no more than three slaves can congregate, whippings were promoted, and owners were allowed to kill runaway slaves. It was illegal for blacks and whites to marry. This was then changed by the late 1700s. The author of this piece was Kristine Tucker. She is an educator and curriculum developer, who loves the wide variety of English studies. She has experiences from being vice president of an energy consulting firm. Tucker has a BA degree and has a Ohio teaching credentials. The intended audience were students because the article does not include difficult context. The text is very straight forward and not extremely detailed. This relates to the story Octavian Nothing because Octavian's mother was a kidnapped princess from Africa. The the same event is explained in the article, that many Black people were stripped from their homes in Africa to work for white settlers like Mr.03-01.

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“Black Peoples of America - The Slave Auction.” History, 11 May 2017, www.historyonthenet.com/black-peoples-of-america-the-slave-auction/. Accessed 19 Sept. 2017.

This source explains how slaves were captured, sent on ships to be auctioned, put in pens, and sold in auctions. They were either sold to the highest bidder or just auctioned off to anyone who wanted them. History on the Net is a source giving us readers information of any kind of history. The intended audience is people who would like to know more about slavery, slave auctioning, and all the trouble salves truly went through. This relates to "Octavian Nothing" because both Octavian and his mother were auctioned off to 03-01, their master, for expirementation. Although I do not know Octavia's mother really went through all the things the article listed, I know she was shipped for auctioning and tonce there, she was auctioned. She was pregnant with Octavian at the time she was auctioned off.

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"The Slave Trade". African American and the End of Slavery in Massachusetts.
https://www.masshist.org/endofslavery/index.php?id=59 . Accessed 19 Sept. 2017.

This article is about the trade of slaves in Massachusetts. However, the website features different aspects of slavery. These topics range from the sale of slaves in Massachusetts to the end of slavery in Massachusetts. This chapter specifically addresses how slaves were shipped and sold to others. It talks about how the slaves were taken along with other items such as tobacco and cotton. In Boston, the slaves were directly imported from Africa, and how they sold them for sugar in order to make alcohol. This article also talks about how governors were not allowed to pass any laws that would interfere with the slave trade. Although there were attempts to discontinue the slave trade, they either were ineffective or did not last very long.

The targeted audience for this article could have been teens or adults. This is because the website allows them to learn about the past about the United States, specifically in Massachusetts.

This article relates to Octavian Nothing as his mother, was bought by Mr. Gitney as a slave in Boston. Although, the book first states that Octavian's mother was invited to stay with Mr. Gitney after he had heard about her arrival in the newspaper and went to the dock to greet her. The reader, does not make any inferences that Octavian's mother is a slave. Instead the reader might believe that she is of importance if her arrival is stated in the newspaper. Later on, when Octavian speaks to Bono, he then finds out that his mother did not arrive by choice, but arrived as a slave, and was to be auctioned off. The reader is then shown the newspaper article that Mr. Gitney had read which lead to him purchasing Octavian and his mother.

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The Enlightenment. Fight Slavery Now. Web. 15 September, 2017.https://fightslaverynow.org/why-fight-there-are-27-million-reasons/the-abolitionist-movement-then-and-now/slavery-in-america/
This article is about the Enlightenment, and how it affected the history of both American and Britain.  In Britain, they abolished slavery in 1833, after centuries of Britain using African people as a cheap labor force. They were normally used as butlers or other lowly ranked citizens. However, since Britain didn't have fertile soil, all slaves were moved to the Americas, particularly the southern colonies. Once there, slaves worked on plantations, and were punished if they did not obey masters. William Lloyd Garrison founded the American Anti - Slavery Society in 1833, and after years of war, slavery was ended in 1863. There is not author of this source, as it was provided by an organization rather than a single person. However, the information given is backed up by evidence and quotes by people such as William Lloyd Garrison, John Lee, Granville Sharp and other peoples of relevance. The intended audience are those who do not know the cruel and wrong things which happened in the past, and possibly to those who do not think of slavery as a bad and evil thing. It intends to give the audience information about the events of the past, and how it is relevant towards the present and even the future. This source is relevant to Octavian Nothing because it gives us a view of how life was when Octavian's life is taking place. It gives us a line of events that lead toward the start and end of slavery, and offers us information of what is happening outside the College of Lucidity. It also gives us a view on how slaves were treated, and allows us to infer that Octavian is treated as a valued slave, but not totally one forced into labor.

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The Diversity of Colonial Slavery. Digital History. Web. 18 Sep. 2017.<http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook_print.cfm?smtid=2&psid=451>

The article discusses of the different types of slavery back in colonial America. To be more in depth, the article describes the uses of slaves throughout the colonies. It is known that slaves were to be used for the sole reason to be in plantations of corn, tobacco, or other crops depending on the region the slaves were in performing intense labor. Included within the article is that the Chesapeake region of the New World had began to allow the slave population to naturally reproduce during the beginning of the 1720's. Eventually this had brought multiple slave women to the colonies for their reproduction was encouraged. As a result to this a new type of light skin color was introduced. These light skins were considered free and served as a mediator between the white and black people. The African culture became slightly embraced through the colonies.

The viability of this article would be reliable. Although the author isn't specified, the article is on a " .edu " website rather than a " .com " website. The difference between the " .edu " and the " .com " websites is that the " .edu " websites would be more reliable in facts and information for it is used for educational purposes while anyone could supply information, even false statements, to a " .com " website.

The intended audience for this article is for those who were researching slavery and that needed to know the structures to slavery.

The source has relevance towards Octavian Nothing, since it could help the readers understand the text of Octavian Nothing more. This correlates to Octavian's role within the house and reveals how and why Octavian is how he is. This would be evident within Octavian's relationship with Bono and Mr. Gitney, commonly referred Mr. 03-01. Octavian could be recognized a light skin for he carries African roots, yet is taught and treated like a European prince . Octavian could be seen to talk to Bono, a slave, as a friend and listen and obey Mr. Gitney, a slave owner, as a father. Octavian serves as a middle person for the black slave and white slave owner.

This is similar to the other work cited for it explains the lives and struggles of those who were living in colonial America. These two works remain different for one describes the works of enslaved African Americans while the other describes the domestic violence of people, especially children, during colonial times.

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Slavery in the 1700's. Slavery. Web. 18 September, 2017.

www.chains-slavery.weebly.com

This article is about how life was for slaves on the ships. It describes how the slaves are treated, their lives on the slave ships, how many of them were estimated to have died on a ship, the work conditions for the slaves, and the conditions of the slave ships. In the article, there is a map of the routes of the slave ships. According to the map, most of the slave ships went to South America, while only some of them went to North America. There is no author for this source, but it was supported by weebly. The audience that this article is directed to would be anthropologists, who study human life. It might also be for people who want to know more about slavery. This relates to Octavian Nothing because when Octavian's mother was pregnant
she was taken on a ship that transported her to America. The source explains all of the things Octavian's mother faced on the slave ship.

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"The life of a Slave". North Carolina Digital History. Web. 19 Sep 2017.http://www.learnnc.org/lp/editions/nchist-antebellum/5602
This particular
article is about the day to day life of slaves during the enlightenment era. In the article how and where the slaves lived was described. As well as the type of work that they did. This particular article dos not enlist a specific author. This relates to Octavian Nothing because in both articles it is being described how slaves had no real control over themselves. In the article it describes how slave owners were allowed to treat and exploit here slaves as they wished. This is very similar to Octavian's  story because he is owned by 03-01 who was free to experiment and use him as he saw fit. This article was intended for people researching information abut slaves during the enlightenment era. This is different from Octavian nothing because while Octavian Nothing is describing a slave being exploited for experimental purposes, this article is describing slaves being exploited for recreational use

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The Diversity of Colonial Slavery. Digital History. Web. 18 Sep. 2017.
<http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook_print.cfm?smtid=2&psid=451>

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Brooks, Rebecca. "Slavery in Massachusetts."HistoryofMassachusetts.org. N.p., 12 Jan. 2012.  Web. 19 Sept. 2017.
<http://historyofmassachusetts.org/slavery-in-massachusetts/>

The author of this article is a blogger named Rebecca Beatrice Brooks. The article discusses about slavery in Massachusetts from when the first slaves were introduced until when slavery finally stopped. The article explains that slavery started in the early 17 century when a slave holder named Samuel Maverick, entered Boston with two slaves. Once the first group of slaves were introduced to North America, more specifically Massachusetts, another slave holder, John Winthrop, tried to legalized slavery. During the legalization of slavery, the owners had to pass laws dealing with slaves about their political needs and more. Once Massachusetts got more involved with slavery, they were included in the Triangle Trade where African slaves would be traded on ships. By then, the population of slaves increased over time in Massachusetts. Because of this, slaves had to live with their owners in his household and obey all of their demands. Slavery soon ended due to the fact that a ratification occurred with the Massachusetts constitution. The intended audience for this source are students who are interested on slavery and the development it took in North America. This article relates to Octavian Nothing because this period of time is the same when Octavian was living. In the article, it mentioned that Massachusetts was involved in a Triangle Trade where African slave trading occurred. This event is similar to the way Mr. 03-01 occupied Octavian and his mother. Mr. 03-01 received Octavian mother due to a slave trade that occurred in Massachusetts. Octavian was also included in the trade since Cassiopeia was pregnant with his son during this process. Also, slaves such as Bono, Octavian, his mother, and others had to live in the household of their owners just like how it was mentioned in the article. The article and the novel have so many things that are alike that allows to infer what could later happen in the novel.

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"The Slave Trade". African Americans and the End of Slavery in Massachusetts.
https://www.masshist.org/endofslavery/index.php?id=60

This article is about the trade of slaves in Massachusetts. However, the entire website is about different aspects of slavery. These topics range from  the sale of trade in Massachusetts to the end of slavery in Massachusetts. This chapter specifically talks about how slaves were shipped on boats along with tobacco, cotton, and other supplies. In Boston, merchants imported slaves directly from Africa, and sold them, and used the money to buy sugar in so they could make alcohol. The intended audience for this article may have been for teens and adults as a way to inform them about the history of the United States, specifically in Massachusetts.

This article relates to Octavian Nothing because

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Williams, Heather Andrea. "How Slavery Affected African American Families" National Humanities Center. Web. 18 Sep.2017.
http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/tserve/freedom/1609-1865/essays/aafamilies.htm

The article discuses the lives of slaves including their families and owners. In the American colonies slaves were seen as property and not actual people, which lead them to not be able to marry. In America the mean source of wealth was the labor of slaves and women had to continue their work shortly after they had given birth. Sometimes owners allowed slaves to form families to decrease the the chance of slaves running away. The author is credible  because the author went to the university of North Carolina. The intended audience the author tries to reach to is people who want to know what slaves went trough and how they were treated.
This is related to Octavian Nothing because Octavian's mother is a slave and so is Bono. Bono was Born a slave and he and his family work for their owners. Octavian gets information about how slaves were treaded from Bono. His mother was bought as a slave and was offered to live with Mr. Gitney on the condition that Octavian was raised from the laws of philosophy.

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“Slavery in the 13 colonies.” Slavery in the 13 colonies - Slavery in the 13 colonies, kimberlyandblanca.weebly.com/slavery-in-the-13-colonies.html. Accessed 18 Sept. 2017.

http://kimberlyandblanca.weebly.com/slavery-in-the-13-colonies.html

This article is about how the slave trade affected the colonies by the 1600's. The author is credible to a certain extent because be has content rich information about slavery in the only colonies. However, the author doesn't state his credibility nor his/her sources, so they are not credible.

The author's intended audience is students wanting to learn more about slavery, or for historians/professors.

This is relevant to The Octavian Nothing because Bono tells Octavian that the days he is living might be the last days he is living free. But, now that Octavian is learning his origins, he feels like the color of his skin has determined his destiny, and is set in stone. His "predestination" is connected to racism because his race has made him a part of a bigger experiment that engulfed his entire life.

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Paton, Diana. Enslaved women and slavery before and after 1807. History in Focus. Web. 19 Sept. 2017. <https://www.history.ac.uk/ihr/Focus/Slavery/articles/paton.html>.
Women slaves were of lower numbers then men, who buyers were more interested in. Women were cheaper then men, and many buyers were the least interested in those who were pregnant. The hard labor resulted in a high death rate for women who were pregnant, and slaves in general. When it came time for them to give birth, take care of their children, and breast feed their children, they had to take time off. This resulted in punishment from owners who punished them, but still the women revolted and continued despite the abuse. This relates to Octavian Nothing because Octavian's mother took a long while to be sold finally to 03-01, as she was a pregnant woman. She was treated differently for being a woman slave. The author is Diana Paton of Newcastle University. The article is intended for an audience of people who are intrested about women in the slave trade.

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Robert, Justin. "Race and the Origins of Plantation Slavery". americanhistory.oxfordre.com, March 2016. Web. September 15, 2017.

http://americanhistory.oxfordre.com/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780199329175.001.0001/acrefore-9780199329175-e-268

The article speaks about many topics about slavery, including the origins of plantation slavery, how it arose and was brought to America. It also talks about how slavery was used in the Chesapeake and in the  Carolina Lowcountry, during colonial America. At first in the Chesapeake,  the English planters had to rely on other ways to get their tobacco and corn, because the cost of the slaves. Overtime however, the Chesapeake received a larger amount of African slaves because of the trans-atalantic slave trade. Colonies like these continued to use slaves of this matter for their plantations. The Carolinas had great success with their plantations, that they tried to use their slaves for different plantions such as rice.

The viability of this source would that it is reliable for facts and knowledge about slavery in the 1700s. Although the source has and ending of ".com", it still has reliable information because of what it is. This source is made by the University of Oxford and its research of american history. This means that it is used for educational purposes and made by people, who know their craft.

The intended audience for this source would be teens, young adults, and adults. This is because it explains slavery and how it looked like in the 1700s. This piece could also be used to teach people of African decent, more about their ancestors and their past.

This source about slavery relates to Octavian Nothing, by how he was brought up in Mr, Gitney's house. As he learned from Bono, his pregnant mother, at the time, came on a boat from West Africa, to America as a slave. In America, Mr. Gitney read about her arrival in the newspaper because she was a slave. This then is showed in the newspaper article about the slaves coming in to America. This also meant that Mr. Gitney purchased Octavian's mom, including him, as a slave.

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"Racist Ideas / Black and white in Britain" Portcities Bristol. <http://discoveringbristol.org.uk/slavery/after-slavery/wider-world/black-white-in-britain/racist-ideas/> 9.18.17

This article doesn't have a single author, but the website talks about slavery and the routes, involved people, those who are against it, the effects it had, and the ideas of the people at that era and how Bristol had an effect on it. The article gets it's information from museums, websites and historical documents.

This source talks about how Europeans created excuses for justifying slavery. They thought that they were sub-human, uncivilized, and inferior to the Europeans. The Europeans believed that the slaves acted differently and that they couldn't be considered human. It was also 'proven' scientifically, which was through difference in development. These scientists talked about skulls and skin color. But the scientific facts would be disproven by Darwin later on.

The intended audience is for people who are a bit more mature as the language can become confusing.

This relates to Octavian Nothing as it directly cororlates to 03-01's experiment, as he wished to know if they were truely different to the Europeans and if a boy with a regular European princely education could perform as well. The experiments carried out by 03-01 were to either prove that the slaves were truly different or if they were like any other human. The beliefs that the people held were revealed in what 03-01 wish to understand about the different race. This contrasts to other articles as this one talks about the desire for justification while other articles talk about the treatment and lifestyle of them.

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“Slavery in 1700s.” <Slavery, chains-slavery.weebly.com/slavery-in-1700s.html.> Web. Accessed 18 Sept. 2017.
http://chains-slavery.weebly.com/slavery-in-1700s.html

The article is about the slaves being brought to America. The conditions in which the slaves were put through for 3 to 5 weeks were harsh. 200 out of 1000 slaves who were brought in tiny ships died. Once they arrived they were sold at a very low price. The slaves were treated poorly and worked long hard hours without or little food.

The author is not stated in article because several people contributed to write the article. The authors are credible because they provided a bibliography it cite the sources they used.

The intended audience was for the general people. The language used is pretty simple for everyone to understand. The descriptions proved are pretty harsh so it is not recommended for younger kids.

This relates to Octavian Nothing because  it shows the conditions in which Octavian's mother, Cassopiea had to go threw before she arrived in American. To add to that Octavian's mom was pregnant of Octavian which made it harder for her. The article describes the living conditions in America which was the way Cassopiea lived for some time before she came to live with Mr. 03-01. Mr. 03-01 treated Cassopiea and Octavian well compared to other slaves in the 1700's. The article also gives us a good description in terms of what slaves outside the college are being treated. The description shows that Cassopiea and Octavian are being treated even though they are being experimented on.

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Zargarri, Rosemarie. "Slavery in Colonial British North America." TeachingHistory.org. May 17, 2015. Web. September 18, 2017.

http://teachinghistory.org/history-content/ask-a-historian/25577

This source is about slavery and how it evolved throughout the colonies in the mid 1700s. Slavery began in 1619, but slave labor didn't come until the last quarter of the 17th century. After that time, the number of slaves grew exponentially; the colonies consisted of 20% African Americans. In the north, slaves consisted of domestic servants, artisans, craftsmen, sailors, dockworkers, laundress, and coachmen. In the south, slaves were farmers and worked on plantations. The author of this article is Rosemarie Zagarri and she received her PHD from Yale University. Her work focuses on gender and politics during the American Revolution. The intended audience of this piece is to someone who wants to learn about slavery and who is curious about how it started in the American British colonies. The article relates to Octavian Nothing because it gives the reader a better understanding of what slavery was like during the time that Octavian was living in. This connects to Octavian Nothing because Octavian is going through slavery and human experimentation in the book.

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Slaves in New England: The first African Immigrant. medfordhistorical.org. May 7, 2015. web. August 17, 2017 <www. medfordhistorical.org/medford-history/africa-to-medford/slaves-in-new-england/

In the article, "Slaves in New England", the author explains that the colonies had brought many slaves to America over the entire course of the colonial times but there were differences between the slaves in the southern colonies compared to the slaves in the northern colonies. One difference was that the slaves working in the southern colonies were primarily used on the many plantations due to the ideal climate for growing cash crops, however, in the northern colonies, the money did not come from agricultural means but by more diverse lines of work. Some slaves in these areas were domestic servants, doing housework. This gave the masters more time to spend learning a craft or profession, earning the family
more money and a higher social status. Some of the other diverse professions that slaves would work as are carpenters, shipbuilders, printers, shoemakers, and blacksmiths. Some slaves excelled so much in their profession that white men lost their jobs to them.
Since this article was written by the people of Medford Historical Society and Museum, we can conclude that this is a reliable and trustworthy source due to the fact that it was written by historians, whose work is now represented by a historical museum. The intended audience for this particular piece of text is for the general public, with its intermediate reading level and density of the text.
This article is relevant to the novel by M.T. Anderson, Octavian Nothing, because it goes along with how the slaves in the text are not working in plantations but rather in differing occupations. Bono, a servant, is a coachman working for the Collage of Lucidity's master, 03-01. As Bono explains, that his mother is a cook and works for Mr.03-01's nephews. Octavian's mother was also said to have been throughout the colonies, when "they sell the sickliest of slaves up New England way after no one buys them down South" (40). Explaining that she was unfit for the work on the southern plantations, she ended up in the north as an experiment to a collage. Proving that there was a difference between the slaves in the southern plantation compared to the slaves that works in more diverse fields of work up farther north.

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This source is about slavery

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Society, National Geographic. “A History of Slavery in the United States.” National Geographic Society, 4 May 2017, www.nationalgeographic.org/interactive/slavery-united-states/. Accessed 18 Sept. 2017.

This source talks about slavery in the United states on a timeline.
The authority is Caryl - Sue she is credible because she works for National Geographic and is part of National Geographic society. The intended audience is for people interested in the history of slavery in America. This source relates to Octavian Nothing because when Octavian's mother was bought by Mr.03-01 Octavian was not even born yet. Octavian was born a slave although he was not treated like one. This source is different from others because it's an interactive timeline not just a regular article.

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Click on picture. It will take you to the website.

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The Origins of Slavery Slavery has been happening for nearly as long as there has been a social stratus. It didn't occur during the hunter- gatherer period since everyone was equal....

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Gascoigne, Bamber. "History of Slavery." History World. Web. 18 Sept. 2017
http://historyworld.net/wrldhis/PlainTextHistoriesResponsive.asp?historyid=ac41

This source relates to Octavian Nothing because it's about how slavery begin. It mentions about how slave trades occur, and the process of the slave trades. It also mentions about the history of slavery around the world, which includes America, at different time period. The article mentions different ways of how slaves were captured, and one of them being pirates selling of their captives as slaves. Octavian' mother was captured by a pirate and she was brought to many places before Boston, and no one was interested in buying her, but Mr. Gitney in Boston. The article provides an information that war is the main supply of slavery.The author of this article, Bamber Gascoigne is a British author and television presenter. Gascoigne has published many books on history that varies location and time period. He was also a scholar at Yale Univeristy for a year. The intended audience for this article is intended for students and other people who is in need of a certain information about parts of history. The article's made to be clear and tells the main idea.

The article relates to Octavian Nothing because it mentions about the process of slave trade, locations, and how slaves are captured which all relates to Octavian and his mother.

Octavian's mother became a slave when she was captured, and she was bought later in a slave trade.

Octavian' mother was captured to become a slave and bought by Mr. Gitney at Boston.

Octavian' mother was captured by a pirate and she was brought to many places before Boston, and no one was interested in buying her, but Mr. Gitney in Boston. Octavian's mother was captured from Oyo possibly from the battle from her kingdom with the rival kingdom according to her story. Afterwards, she was taken by a pirate ship which sold slaves at couple locations.

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History.com Staff. Slavery in America. History.com.A+E Networks. Web. September 19, 2017 http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/slavery
This source talks about how and why African slaves became more and more common in America. Africans were brought to work in the English colonies. The text mentions that the slaves didn't have freedom and weren't allowed to be educated. This website is a common place that people visit to find information on parts and events in history. This source relates to Octavian Nothing because both of the texts address the issue of slavery. Octavian was born and raised at the college, and his mother told him that they were asked to join the professors at the college, but they were actually sold to the men as slaves while Octavian's mother was still pregnant. This source gives us background information on what Octavian's mother's life was like being forced to move from port to port to be bought by someone as a slave. While all we know about Octavian's past is that his mother was a slave, this text explains the process of slavery and how Octavian got to where he is now.

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History.com Staff."Slavery in America." History.com, A&E Television Networks, 2009,<www.History.com>. Accessed 18 Sept. 2017.
http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/slavery

This source talks about when Slavery had began when the first African slaves had been brought to the North American colony of Jamestown in Virginia. The year of 1619 was the year to aid in the production of lucrative crops such as the tobacco crop. The union victory freed the nations' 4 million slaves, the legacy of Slavery continued to influence on American history. The background on this author is that History.com had already made a lot of articles on different kind of things that were from serious events on things that happened such a long time ago. The intended audience for this is that is that the people want to know a lot more about slavery and there might not be students that are looking at this piece about slavery but, there might be other people such as historians This relates to Octavian nothing because since that his mother was a slave and she was bought when Octavian's mother was pregnant with him.

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“Black Peoples of America - The Slave Auction.” History, 11 May 2017, www.historyonthenet.com/black-peoples-of-america-the-slave-auction/. Accessed 18 Sept. 2017.

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https://memory.loc.gov/ammem/awhhtml/awlaw3/slavery.html
The Library of Congress, "Slavery and Indentured Servants" , June 18 2003
The article, Slavery and Indentured Servants, describes the laws pertaining to slavery in different states, and how they changed over time (many laws discussed in this article applied to women). Laws by the mid 1700's began to differentiate between indentured servants, slavery, and most importantly race. African slaves became more common during this time. Servant women were punished if they became impregnated by the master, and the child's placement in a society was based on the mother's social status. According to The Law of Congress, "all children borne in this country shall be held bond or free only according to the condition of the mother,..."(2003). In the 1700's a child's social status was determined by the mother's social status. Throughout time the laws regarding slavery and indentured servants changed.  The process of these laws have helped shape the country.  Many of these laws remained in order and were not amended until the mid and late 1900's. This source is reliable because it states that it is provided for resource and educational purposes. This cite also states that it is copyrighted and it is the largest library in the world. The intended audience would be researchers or public people who are interested in learning about the history of America. This article relates very much to Octavian Nothing because Cassiopeia and Octavian himself are slaves. Octavian's mother is an African slave therefore he automatically became a slave at birth. This article helps give background information of what Octavian is experiencing and how the laws were established during his time.

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Lynch, Hollis. “Slavery in the United States.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, inc., 14 July 2017, www.britannica.com/topic/African-American/Slavery-in-the-United-States. Accessed 18 Sept. 2017.
This source mainly talks about slavery in America in the 17th and 18th centuries.  It talks about how black slaves were not treated as people, but as property.  They were used for labor and were bought and sold like animals.  This article was written by Hollis Lynch.  The only information we have about her is that she is a writer for Encyclopedia Britannica, which is a credible encyclopedia source.  Lynch's intended audience is students, or anyone who is studying slavery.  This article can give people a better understanding of how slaves were treated.  This source relates to Octavian Nothing because Octavian is actually experiencing these things in his life. Octavian finds out mother was a slave and was bought by the men at the College of Lucidity. At first, Octavian believes that he is very special because he is getting all these tests ran on him. Octavian soon realizes that he is being treated like an animal. Later, Octavian finds out that these tests are to determine if black people are human or a whole different species.

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Hellie,Richard."Slavery." Encyclopedia Britannica, 21 February 2017, https://www.britannica.com/topic/slavery-sociology Accessed 15 September 2017

This post is about slavery in its entirety. The history,law,sociology,and culture of slavery. This article is written by Richard Hellie, who is an editor at Britannica. The intended audience for this piece is people who want to learn about slavery and maybe someone who wants to do a project about slavery.The piece relates to Octavian Nothing because his mom is a slave and he might become a slave after his experiment.

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"Facts about the Slave Trade and Slavery." The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History. Web.
<https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/slavery-and-anti-slavery/resources/facts-about-slave-trade-and-slavery>

Facts about slavery relates to Octavian Nothing because it provides backgrond information about where black slaves originated from. According to the article, the main focus was on the origin of slave trade and how many Africans managedt to get to the United States. The article also provides information about how pregnant women and children managed to survive the passage and on the plantations they worked in. The authority of the article is reliable because the site where the article was found in is from an institute based on American history, and the novel is based during historical times of the Revolution. The intended audience for whom the piece was written for are historians, people studying about the humanities during the Revolution, and people requesting information about slaves. This relates to Octavian Nothing because Octavian's mother, Cassiopeia, was revealed to the audience as a slave, according to Pro Bono's account. If she was a slave or traveled to the United States as a slave, then the article would be helpful in illustrating how the African slaves traveled, where they primarily came from, and where the idea for slavery began to emerge during the 1700s.

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“First Slaves Arrive in Massachusetts .” Mass Moments, MassHumanities, www.massmoments.org/moment.cfm?mid=64. Accessed 15 Sept. 2017.

This source is about the history of slavery in Massachusetts. It talks about when and how the first slaves were brought to Massachusetts, as well as when it was legalized and how much it was practiced. In addition to that, the article talks about the life of slaves and how they were treated. This article doesn't show the name of the author, but uses and cites written by historians and history professors, such as John Hope Franklin, who attended Harvard University, and Lois E. Horton, who has a phd at Brandeis University. The intended audience for this article are people who are interested in learning the history of how slavery came to be in Massachusetts. This article is relevant to Octavian Nothing because it talks about slavery in Massachusetts, and Octavian, the main character of the story, is a slave in Boston, Massachusetts.

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Views on slavery, race and women in the Enlightenment, imagining-other.net/enl10slaveryracewomen.htm. Web.15 Sept. 2017 <http://imagining-other.net/enl10slaveryracewomen.htm>.
This article is about racism and slavery.  Slavery lasted 300 years and when it was removed it effected the economy and the government. It also talks about the ending of slavery and  different opinions on slavery. This source relates to Octavian Nothing because Octavian's mother was actually a slave. When Octavian was a boy, his mother told him stories of when she came to the College of Lucidity. She told Octavian that she was  visiting America and when she stopped in Boston she met Mr. Gitney. Mr. Gitney had read about her in the paper. "Octavian Nothing" includes the newspaper article advertising the slaves, and they are called specimens instead of people. This source is intended for people doing research because it has statistics and includes philosophical ideas.

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Cite the source using MLA format. Include a link to the article.

Paragraph Annotation must

* Summarize the source*

·evaluate the authority or background of the author

·comment on the intended audience

explain how this work illuminates your bibliography topic: EXPLAIN HOW IT RELATES TO OCTAVIAN NOTHING

If possible, you should also make an effort to

·compare or contrast this work with another you have cited

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"Slavery In America." HistoryNet. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Sept. 2017.
www.historynet.com/slavery-in-america.

This source informs the reader about slavery in America which began in the 17th Century and was continued  for 250 years  by colonies and states. Slaves mostly came from Africa and farmed tobacco and cotton. When the cotton gin got developed in 1793 there was an increase in demand for that product. Slaves became the platform of economy for the South. In 1820, the Missouri Compromise forbid slavery in all western territories which made this seem like a risk to the establishment to slavery in the Southern states. The election of Abraham Lincoln who is a part of the anti-slavery group convinced many Southern states that slavery should not be used in general and to expand into new areas. However, eleven southern states did not agree to this union which thus started the civil War. During the war, Abraham issued his  Emancipation Proclamation  to free the slaves that were in the schism.

There is no single author for this particular piece but there is a group who defines the history of slavery. The organization provides facts and articles about slavery in America which provides trust worthy information. The intended audience for this source is middle school to high school students who wants/needs  to research or gather information about the history of slavery.

This work relates to Octavian Nothing because this shows how life was for Octavian. Even though Octavian was not deprived of complete power and will, he was still treated like an experimental slave. Mr. Gittney used Octavian since he was a child for experiments to gain more knowledge if the blacks are as superior as the Europeans. Mr. Gittney took away all morals including Octavian's normal childhood away. Therefore, Octavian never experienced life outside of the College of Lucidity just like a slave would. Octavian and his mother was also bought for the price of one to ensure that Octavian would at least have a home since his mother can not provide one.

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Brooks, Rebecca B. Slavery in Massachusetts. Historyofmassechusettsblog. December 20, 2010. Web. September 18, 2017
<http://historyofmassachusetts.org/slavery-in-massachusetts/http://historyofmassachusetts.org/slavery-in-massachusetts/>

This article tells about the history of slavery in Massachusetts. Massachusetts was the first slave holding colony in New England. It also tells when slavery in Massachusetts started. The article goes on to explain that there is no exact date in which slaves entered Massachusetts, but many think Samuel Maverick was the first slaveholder in the colony after he returned to Boston with two slaves. Boston's first shipment of slaves was brought in a ship named Desire in December of 1638 from the Barbados. In 1641, Governor John Winthrop helped write up the first law indicating that slavery was legalized in North America. This law was passed on by the General Court on December 10, 1641. The audience that is intended for this piece are people who want to know about the history if slavery in Massachusetts or in North America. This article relates to Octavian Nothing because the history in the article takes place around the same time as Octavian was living also the same place in general. During this time both experienced slavery and Octavian was a colored man. Octavian was living in this time of slavery and he did not know he was not like other people of this color. Octavian did not even know of his own history or background. During the time of slavery the Europeans did not know much about colored people and thought they were superior to them. Trading or selling colored people was a regular thing to them and only thought they were good for working. This is why Mr. 03-01 uses Octavian for an experiment to see if colored people can be just as smart if not smarter that a European princes.

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Bourne, Jenny. “Slavery in the United States.” EHnet, eh.net/?s=Statistics%2Bof%2Bslavery%2B%2B. Accessed 18 Sept. 2017.

This source talks about the population of slaves, free nonwhites, and whites around the time Ocavian lived, at around the late 1800's. The source is very long and complicated, but the first few tables and data can help a lot on realizing what the setting is like in Octavian Nothing. The author is Jenny Bourne of Carleton College, and her work is published on a sponsored history website, so it is safe to assume that the source is credible. The intended audience is probably not a student, but rather historians or people who need to study the topic in an intensity, since the paper is actually huge and is stuffed with so much statistics and sources. This connects to Octavian Nothing as it can better show the setting Octavian is living in, especially with the number of free, slaves, and whites.

History Alive! The United States Through Industrialism. Palo Alto, CA, Teachers Curriculum Institute, 2005.

Page 55

This source talks about the slaves in the early American colonies. It explains how they got here, their status, their purpose, and their treatment. The publisher is a reliable source, as many school curriculum and teachers use them fairly many times. The intended audience is students, and this is a textbook specifically for school curriculum. This relates to Octavian Nothing as it gives a clearer picture of the state these African slaves must have been in, and how low the whites must have thought of their slaves. It gives more meaning to the importance of Octavian's role in proving his and his race's worth, and helps the reader understand the setting a bit better. On the other work I have cited, it had a lot of facts and statistics, and including the perspective and story of the slaves, it can give a clear picture of what Octavian really was (55).

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“Thomas Jefferson's Monticello.” African Slavery in Colonial British North America | Thomas Jefferson's Monticello, Web. 18 Sept. 2017.

https://www.monticello.org/slavery-at-monticello/jsam-main-nav

There is no given author for this text.

This article mainly talks about the point of view of people in the time period of 1600 to 1700. The economies of each of the 13 British colonies relied on slavery. During the 1620s, the farming of tobacco in European based markets were  established in the colony of Virginia. However, in the European markets, the white indentured slaves were the ones who did most of the hard work and labor. By the time of 1675, slavery was well running, and most of the white indentured servants were replaced with approximately. With approximately 1700 slaves and vast amounts of land, people were gained the ability to plant great crops. Many southern planters prospered, and tobacco-plantations became a very important part of the colony colonies' economy and their social norm.

There is not an author that is stated in the text, but the credits do include the Smithsonian National Museum of of African American History and Culture. Knowing that the information was from the  Smithsonian National Museum of of African American History and Culture, the source is reliable because the museum may have had records from the past that show how slavery was back in the 13 colonies from historians.

The intended audience for this article was for those that have different point of views on slavery, because it may either support an individual's idea or not support an individual's idea.

This text is relevant to Octavian Nothing because it shows that slaves such as Bono, Octavian, may have been treated, since they also lived as slaves. When Octavian's mother was bought as a slave by Mr. Gitney, she was pregnant with Octavian inside of her. Still, Octavian is treated as a slave. Also, when Bono's mother was bought by her master, she was pregnant with Bono inside of her. However, Bono is still treated as a slave.