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A list of people, items, or categories, traditionally found in epic poems (but not limited there)
(2) list of different items - chewing gum, lighters, cigarettes, salt tablets

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Makes you think of all the different things they need and what weighs them down in battle - how it challenged them
Makes us think of how difficult life was for them in battle

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After people leave the war, the burden stays with them - the burdens change - trauma, memories, experiences
physical burden = emotional burden

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Cross' receives a pebble from Martha, that she picked up from the beach and mailed to him and he carries it in his mouth.

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Two or more things being seen or placed in a contrasting setting.

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For example: Jimmy's crosses's love for his sort of girlfriend makes you think of the drastic effect on the people that went to fight there and how love and war is not fit to be in the same place.

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This story comes first because it give us a better understanding of the characters.The story shows the things each character carries and how they're important to them personally, and to the group as a whole.

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Cross' reaction to the pebble he receives makes you think about the war puts a strain on your relationship- being so far away makes you question everything both good and bad.

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The concept includes physical, mental, and emotional burdens that effect how someone acts and reacts

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Important symbol-Cross's photo of Martha

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Important symbol-Cross's photo of Martha

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(3-4) LT Cross carries photos of Martha in his wallet until he burns them

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O'Brien narrates the story in such a way that the readers buy into the emotional manipulation of the novel.  He is able to develop the concept of the soldiers' emotional strife through a variety of different ways, some of which include; their emotional baggage  and memories of home expressed in the form of tangible items, the sudden, unexpected deaths of developed characters, and even through graphic descriptions of violence (the buffalo slaughter, Mary Anne Bell, the body of the man O'Brien kills.)

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Repetition of a word or phase to create a dramatic effect and show the importance of the word or phase

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Difference of factual events and the truth for each person

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It also helps establish the conditions the characters live and work in. It shares its title with the title of the book because the rest of the book refers back to the theme of physical and emotional burdens that is very strongly present in the first story.

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Repetition of a word or phrase in the beginning of a sentence in order to create a dramatic effect.

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The 2 photos LT cross carries of Martha communicate to the readers the humane aspect of these soldiers despite the powerful influences of war. The remind the audience of the lives these soldiers have outside of Vietnam.

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Ted Lavender was the first character who was introduced by Tim O'Brien to die. He didn't die in an act of heroism or courage but simply by getting shot in the head while peeing.

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O'Brien lists the physical burdens the characters carry--the catalog above--but also describes the emotional burdens they hump at war. Examples of this are love, sentiment, their own lives... but most importantly, the burden of being alive.

"Afterward, when the
firing ended, they would blink and peek up. They would touch their
bodies, feeling shame, then quickly hiding it. They would force
themselves to stand. As if in slow motion, frame by frame, the world
would take on the old logic—absolute silence, then the wind, then sunlight, then voices. It was the burden of being alive." (O'Brien 13)

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Effect of Juxtaposition (Rat kiley)  When rat kiley shot the water buffalo it makes the reader think about the different ways that american had taken there problems through the war

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Effect of Juxtaposition (Rat kiley)  When rat kiley shot the water buffalo it makes the reader think about the different ways that american had taken there problems through the war

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Tim says jimmy cross has to carry the responsibility for the lives of his men.

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It makes you think of all of the things they have that puts alot of pressure on them.

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O'Brien lists personal items of the soldiers

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The way O'Brien tells

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This gives a look inside who the soldiers are back in the United States and what kind of lives they lead. It gives the characters personality.

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The 2 photos LT Cross carries of Martha symbolize how in order to survive in war a reminder of home  and the hope of a life after war are crucial.

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When people leave for the war their relationships have some challenges. The people begin to change

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The meaning of burden is a heavy load. In the novel the idea of weight or burden can be physical and emotional.

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Linda represents the stories of the past

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Chapter 3 page 36 Kiowa saying "No choice...could you do?" Kiowa saying "right?" Kiowa saying "talk to me."

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Helps us to establish that not only did the war put a lot of pressure on the soldiers physically with all of things they had to carry, it also put alot of pressure on them after the war because they had to deal with the memories.