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List all of the main events in the chapter in chronological order

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Identify at least 3 quotes in the chapter that includes explanations and corresponding themes, with page numbers.

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Discuss the narrator, the point of view and the impact of the point of view - BE SPECIFIC. What does this chapter's point of view show us? What would we NOT know otherwise? Why is this important?   This should not be any less than 5-6 sentences.

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In a minimum of 4-5 sentences, examine the diction used and the style in which your chapter's narrator recounts events/memories, etc. Select several words and discuss their connotation. Examine how the narrator is telling the story (syntax) and what does it reveal?

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Identify the author's purpose for writing this chapter. Think about the bigger, over-arching themes and messages that seem to be emerging from this book. What is Foer trying to communicate to us? Select at least 2 quotes from your chapter to support your statement.

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Page 86 - "... I got incredibly heavy boots about how relatively insignificant life is, and how, compared to the universe and compared to time, it didn't matter if I existed at all."
This ties in with the theme of mortality and the purpose of life. Oskar realized that he is a very small part of a very large world. This makes him think that he has no purpose and he is confused as to why he is even here.

Page 101 - "It was all my fault. You should never let him be around me again."
This connects to the theme of trauma and guilt. Oskar's grandmother felt guilty about Oskar getting hurt when she was taking care of him.

Page 101 - "... she makes us play a game like Marco Polo, where she calls my name and I have to call back to let her know that I'm OK."
This quote relates to the theme of language and communication. Oskar's grandmother had already lost her husband and her son and she didn't want to lose anybody else, so she makes sure that she can always know where Oskar is and that he is OK through communication.

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1.) Pg.108 "Your mother and I never talk about the past, that's a rule" Trauma and Guilt: This quote goes best with the theme because grandma watched Anna and grandpa fall in love. So by making it  a "rule" that they can't talk about there past it helps grandma not have to relive the past. By not talking about Anna it also shows that Grandma has the power to control Grandpa and not make him miss her.
2.) Pg. 135  "... I love it when she laughs, although the truth is I am not in love with her, she said, "I love you," I told her how i felt." Love and Family: Whenever grandma said "i love you she mean't it but when ever grandpa said it he loved the idea of her because she resembled Anna.
3.) Pg. 133 "I know you look both ways before you cross the street, but I want you to look both ways a second time, because I told you to." Love and Family: This shows how much grandma cares/loves grandpa because even when shes not with him she wants him to be safe.

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In a letter to his future son, Thomas writes about how he slowly lost his ability to speak. He used to talk a lot, but the silence took over like a disease. He lost the word "Anna" first because Anna was his love. He gets around the silence by writing what he wants to say in a book. Eventually he meets Oskar's future grandmother in a bakery in New York. They talk and she asks him to marry her.

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PageThe Author wants to start Oskar's main journey so this chapter is a call to action and starts the mystery. This connects to the idea of puzzles that is seen in various chapters; when Oskar and his dad would play games and have challenges; when Grandma received the letter, and the overall mystery style of the text.  The Author is trying to show that much like a physical puzzle (which involves time, strategy, and not knowing what the end result is) the characters are just beginning the puzzle so they need to get clues, make a plan, and try their best to solve it. Oskar does this by researching everything he found in the vase, because at the very beginning he didn't no anything about it, and then leaving his house to search for answers to the clues he found.
1) Page  40 "Then I did some research on the Inter-
net about the locks of New York, and I found out a lot of useful information."

2) Page 44 "
I walked over to the art supply store on Ninety-third Street, and I asked the woman at the
door if I could speak to the manager, which is something Dad used to do when he had an
important question."

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Oskar goes into his dad's closet and looks at the things that were in there
He finds a key in an envelope labelled "Black"
The next morning, he lies to his mother and says he's sick and can't go to school
He travels to a locksmith and doesn't find out anything about the key
The next day, he lies to his mother again and goes to an art supply store, where he figures out that "Black" is probably someone's last name
He decides that he will go to every person with the last name Black and try to find out what the key is for
Then he looks at "Stuff that Happened to Me", listens to the messages from his dad, walki-talkis his grandma, and invents things before trying to sleep

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The diction is bland, showing us the tramua Thomas recieved was so mind altering it left him free of joy. The narrators syntax is telling us about his tramua in a deeper way. Just letting us know he is sad and broken is one thing. But to see it in his speech shows us even more about how deep his sadness runs. The connotation is very nuetral showing us his deep sadness as explained above. Nuetral connotation words include, "I started carrying blank books like this one around...I thought about life." The lack of emotion in words shows us how broken & battered he really this, broken to the point of lacking emotions. The long drawn out sentences mixed with short choppy sentences show us he has no normal thought pattern. Much as the nuetral connotation shows this the sentance sturture variety shows us he is broken beyond emotion, the sentences show us he is broken beyond typical thought pattern. He cannot even think in one straight way. The tramua he expeirenced shows us his mind has been completely destroyed.

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Quote 1: "Buckminster curled up next to me, and I conjugated for a while so I wouldn't have to think about things." ~ pg 74
Theme: Language and Communication --- Throughout the chapter (and the book) Oskar uses French at seemingly random times usually when something happens that he needs to cope with somehow. In this case, Oskar is conjugating French verbs to try and take his mind off of the loss of his father and how he couldn't keep him safe.

Quote 2: "I would spend Saturday and Sunday finding all of the people named Black and learning what they knew about the key in the vase in Dad's closet." ~ pg 51
Theme: Puzzles and Cleverness --- Oskar encountered a lot of puzzles from his father when he was younger and tried to solve them; now he wants to solve the puzzle of the key his father had hidden away. This puzzle is what brings him closer to his father and finding a connection with him even though he is gone.

Quote 3: "But I knew that there couldn't be pockets that enormous. In the end, everyone loses everyone." ~ pg 74
Theme: Morality and the Purpose of Life --- This quote shows how things don't last forever and shows Oskar's way of coping with the loss of his father. He understands how loss can feel so he wants to not only save his own family, but he also wants to save others' families as well. This shows how delicate life is and how Oskar recognizes that he will at one point loose his father and is a possible step to him coping with it.

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Summary
Within a letter to Oskar, Grandma discusses how she got a letters from people including: a random man in a Turkish Labor Camp, her dad, a murderer, and others that she knew. A childhood friend (Thomas) kissed Grandma's sister, Anna. Seven years later, Grandma sees Grandpa again. He sculpts her but he is actually sculpting Anna. They eventually make love anyway. They go to the cafe where they first met and agree to marry if no children are made.

Narration and POV
Grandma is the narrator of the chapter. (Which is written in first person point of view) This only allows us to see Grandma's thoughts for this chapter. This makes it so that we can't see others' thoughts about being asked to write a letter. We also don't see what Grandpa is thinking about during the sculpting sessions; We don't know why he sculpted Anna and not Grandma. Finally, we don't get to see Grandpa's thoughts about Grandma; We don't know if he actually loves her at all or not. The point of view in the chapter is important because while we do learn why Grandma needs to be in a relationship, we fail to see why Grandpa needs to be in a relationship or why he still thinks of Anna. Different points of view can create many different viewpoints about a story where some details may differ or be added/omitted.

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> Page 15 " I listened to them again, and then before I had time to figure out what to do, or even what to think or feel, the phone started ringing."
> This quote will later show Oskar's grief and guilt though not responding to his dads messages.

> Page 3 "Isn't it so weird how the number of dead people is increasing even through the earth stays the same size, so that one day there isn't going to be room to bury anyone anymore."
> This quote shows superstition and ritual because it shows Oskar's curiosity through death.

>Page 14 "Listened, something's happened. I'm OK. They're telling us to stay where we are and wait for the firemen. I'm sure it's fine.
>Here we see the first phone call from Oskar's dad at the twin towers. In this call, he doesn't seem too worried at first, until we later realize that it was more serious than he anticipated. The theme represented is Love and family

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This chapter is narrated by Oskar Schell, the main character of Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close. During the chapter he bounces around between a lot of topics and his thoughts are very jumbled. This characterizes him as overwhelmed and anxious. When Oskar is in the limousine on the way to his dad's funeral, he seems restless and doesn't feel the sadness like his mother and grandmother. This is important because he does not view situations the same way other people do. We would also not know exactly how his family feels about his father's death. Oskar secretly feels regretful about his father's death because he did not answer the phone when his dad called.

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The authors purpose of this chapter is not to find the owner of the mysterious key he found in his dads closet, but to find out more about his dad from the key so he can hold on to the only thing he has left of him. Oskar goes to random peoples doors in hopes to get answers because he has none. On pages 86 and 87, the author states, "I decided that I would meet every person in New York with the last name Black. Even if it was relatively insignificant, it was something, and I needed to do something..." This is helping Oskar grieve his dad, by doing what he thinks will make him feel better even if he doesn't get answers. Chapter 5 also shows how the characters grieve. On page 102, the author states, "I put new batteries in two-way radios, and I thought it would be a fun way for me and Grandma to talk." By sharing radios, grandma and Oskar don't want to lose one another like how they lost his dad.

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The author's purpose in Chapter 1 is to help the reader to realize Oskar's non-stop activity, which could possibly show a sense of grief. On page  1, Oskar says," What about a teakettle? What if the spout opened and closed when the steam came out..." The author includes many inventions, like the teakettle, that Oskar comes up with to help to show how Oskar distracts himself from his dad's death. The author also wants to connect grief to his audience by describing how it never goes away, and gets in the way of many things. The author also says," Or if i had, i didn't know what it was. And i definitely didn't mean to do it." Oskar says this as a hint to the reader on how if he caused anything, it was because he didn't mean to, like his father dying. This causes Oskar to feel immediate grief, and always comes back to the idea of his father. 

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The author's purpose in Chapter 1 is to help the reader to realize Oskar's non-stop activity, which could possibly show a sense of grief. On page  1, Oskar says," What about a teakettle? What if the spout opened and closed when the steam came out..." The author includes many inventions, like the teakettle, that Oskar comes up with to help to show how Oskar distracts himself from his dad's death. The author also wants to connect grief to his audience by describing how it never goes away, and gets in the way of many things. The author also says," Or if i had, i didn't know what it was. And i definitely didn't mean to do it." Oskar says this as a hint to the reader on how if he caused anything, it was because he didn't mean to, like his father dying. This causes Oskar to feel immediate grief, and always comes back to the idea of his father. 

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In chapter 3, diction and style are used throughout the chapter in many ways. One example of this is the style of the paragraphs. In this section, the paragraphs are more in depth and are longer than those of Grandpa. In Grandpa's section, the paragraphs are less descriptive and are more choppy. For diction in this section, words such as "fake, horrible, bruise, and junk" show that this section contains a negative connotation. From reading words such as these, the reader can infer that Oskar is frustrated and confused with his dad's death. Finally, this chapter shows the reader that Oskar is starting to get angry and is speaking less intelligently.

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The narrator's diction throughout the chapter about Thomas is that she uses very short sentences for every thought she has. The narrator shows a lot of imagery to describe when she met Thomas and she is very descriptive about it."The seven years were not seven years.  They were not seven hundred years. Their length could not be measured in years,just as the ocean could not explain the distance we had traveled,just as the dead can never be counted."(pg.81)The phrases connotation is negative because it is describing the weak connection between Thomas and Oskar's grandma. She is telling the story to what she can remember thats why its short ideas about when she met Thomas it also reveals the weak connection between Oskar's grandma and Thomas.

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"One hundred letters. I was always moving them around, trying to make connections. I wanted to understand." (pg. 79) This quote goes with the theme Love and Family because she asked her family members and loved ones to write those letters so that she could learn more about them and feel closer to them.

"I was going to walk to the Hudson River and keep walking. I would carry the biggest stone i could bear and let my lungs fill with water." (pg. 82) This quote goes with the theme Trauma and Guilt because she was thinking about drowning herself after her conversation with Thomas. After the conversation, she said she felt "more alone than if i had been alone", adding to her growing sadness.

"I went back the next day. And the next day. I stopped looking for a job. All that mattered was him looking at me. I was prepared to fall apart if it came to that." (pg.83) This quote goes with the theme Love and Family because it shows how much her love for Thomas is consuming both her and her life, making him her first priority.

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The author's purpose of writing this chapter is to show that it could damage people if they do not have the necessary connections with other people and that it could cause trauma in ones own life. One example that shows she does not have these necessary connections is this. " One hundred letters. I was always moving them around, trying to make connections." She would have people write her letters just so she could fill a hole inside of her. The hole inside of her was there because of the missing connections she had with her family. Another example which shows the trauma she had was the connection she had with her "husband." It states " It felt like crying. I wondered why does anyone make love." She wanted to cry while making love because she knew she was just being used by Thomas because he was reminded about Anna, her sister, while he was with her. The author is trying to communicate that the grandmother was constantly trying to fill a hole inside of her because she never had true connections with people. He showed us this by the letters she had people write for her and also how she let herself be used just to be "loved" by someone.

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1.) pg 17, "I went to a tattoo parlor and had YES written onto the palm of my left hand, and NO onto my right palm, what can I say, it hasn't made my life wonderful, its made life possible." This quote shows language and communication because it is the only way Grandpa was able to talk to others. He had to find new ways every time he lost words which was his new way of communicating.
2.) pg.33, " I'd lost the only person I could have spent my only life with" This quote shows the trauma and guilt he feels towards having to leave a loved one behind. He thinks she was his only opportunity to spend his whole life with someone.
3.) Pg. 16. "To my unborn child: I haven't always been this silent, I used to talk and talk and talk and talk, I couldn't keep my mouth shut, the silence overtook me like cancer" This quote helps to show love and family because as he says hes writing to his unborn child, he wants them to understand that he never wanted to have to stop talking and it was something that he couldn't control. Also because he was thinking about his future child and what he thought before he was even born.

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-Oskar plans a list of everyone with the last name Black, and plans on visiting them in alphabetical order.
- The first person he visits is Aaron Black. He lives 3 hours and 41 minutes away by foot.
- When he arrives Aaron tells him that he cannot come to the door because he is attached to ventilators and machines because he is sick, and Oskar would not go up and talk because he is afraid of high buildings, and he leaves.
- He then goes and visits Abby Black, who lived 2 hours and 23 minutes from Aaron's.
- Oskar claims that he is diabetic and gets invited into Abby's house. He talks to her about the pictures in  her kitchen. After a long conversation Oskar discovers that she did not know anything about her dad or the key.
-At the end, Oskar and his grandmother talk about how they don't want to lose each other or their relationship.

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1.) Grandpa explains all of his and Grandma's rules that they apply to their everyday life and in the middle of this hectic list, he mentions that he is leaving her.
2.) Grandpa went on to describe the "Nothing Places" in their apartment. These are the spots in the house where one person can go if they want to essentially disappear.
3.) Grandpa begins to think about his and Anna's past relationship and we can see how much their connection meant to him.
4.) Grandma started writing her life story and she shortly became obsessed with doing so. Little does grandma know, the pages are completely blank (grandma has a very hard time seeing things).
5.) Grandpa describes the first time him and Grandma made love.
6.) At the end, Grandpa expresses how sorry he is for all the mistakes he has made.

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Thomas as the narrator always drags on the sentences. With a style of run on sentences he tells you every worry and thought he comes up with. For example, "I don't know what she thought, I don't know what she understood, or what she wouldn't allow herself to understand, I turned around and walked away from her, I didn't look back, I won't." This reveals how traumatized thomas is because he has so much to say and yet he can't even verbalize his on grief." Thomas uses upsetting diction, "Its a shame that we have to live, but it's a tragedy that we get to live only one life" "goodbye to Anna when maybe i could have saved her and our idea, or at least died with them"  this shows how when hes facing reality, and this effects his emotional state.

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The purpose in writing this chapter is to introduce Oskar's grandpa and explain the speaking condition he has and how it effects him.  We see this when grandpa writes, "I went to a tattoo parlor and had YES written onto the the palm of my left hand, and NO onto to my right palm..."  This quote shows us that grandpa lost his will to speak and he got tattoos in order to communicate with people better.  We also see this when grandpa writes, "I started carrying blank books like this one around, which I would fill with all the things I couldn't say..."  This is just another example of how grandpa's speech problem effected his daily life. In this chapter, the author also reveals the extreme amount of love grandpa and Anna have for each other. We see this when Anna writes, "Please marry me," to grandpa.

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The diction of chapter 5 is formal as Oskar uses higher-level words and does not use much if any slang. The author recounts the events that occurred in chronological order, with back-and-forth-conversations to achieve what "exactly" happened. Outside of the conversations he has, there isn't much comment from Oskar, besides the occasional update to the reader on his thoughts. Examples of connotation include, "frustrated", "serious", "serious", "panicky". All of these words describe a nervous and somewhat anxious Oskar, as he is travelling to find clues about his father's message "black". The syntax of this chapter appears to be short and choppy conversation, with long run-on sentences on Oskar's thoughts. This resembles the fact that Oskar is in fact 9 years old, so it makes since that the sentences would be run-ons because he has "never-ending" thoughts. The short-and choppy conversation reveals that perhaps he doesn't pay much attention to the speaker or the conversation isn't that important to him.
- paige s.

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on page 2 Oskar gets put in jujitsu classes and immediately quits because he wont punish his masters testicles
on page 6 hes going to his dads funeral and feels as though his mother doesn't love him
on page 10 he writes a letter to Stephen hawking
on pages 14-15 he remembers the day he found out his dad died

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This chapter's narrator is Oskar, and it is in 1st person POV. If this chapter was not 1st person, you would not understand Oskar's thought process in looking for the key. An example of this is when he does the math to not only figure out how many locks are in NY, but also how long it would take to find and try to unlock them. He also does math with figuring out how to find all of the people with the last name Black. This is important because you get to see how clever Oskar is for a 9 year old. However, the 1st person POV presents many limitations. With all the other characters (mom, Stan, locksmith, art supply manager, grandma), you do not get their POVs. This could make Oskar an unreliable narrator at the times when he interacts with other people.

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The style is in a chronological paragraph format. Oscar talks and shows thoughts and memories as they become relevant. There is a lot of dialogue as the narrator is young and ask a lot of questions. The sentences tend to me longer and more descriptive of what he is talking about. It uses diction like "fascinating", "evidence", and "explorer" to show his childish wonder. Being more childish helps explain all the questions and wild imagination.

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The narrator in this chapter is Thomas, Oskar's grandfather. This chapter is in first person. Since Thomas is silent, the first person point of view allows the reader to see thoughts that he can't necessarily express to other characters. Also, the reader learns later that Thomas isn't a reliable narrator because he leaves out information about his first meeting with Oskar's grandmother. This is important because it reveals some of the relationship between them. He might have left out parts of their meeting because he doesn't really love her, he loves her sister.

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The narration of this chapter was done by Oskar, in a 1st person POV. The impact of the 1st person point of view is that you can see the thoughts and questions that Oskar asks the people he visits. You can also see the way he approches the people and the topic. Without Oskar narrating and the 1st person point of view you would not know that Oskar has a fear of heights and that he was nervous to go up the elevator and go to the 9th floor.

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The narrator of this chapter is Grandpa and it is told in a first person point of view. The impact of the point of view on this chapter is very significant. Because of it, we get to truly understand how Grandpa feels about his life and his marriage especially. If it was told from a different point of view, we would not understand the impact that Anna had on Grandpa's life.

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The author included this chapter because we see deeper perspective of grandpa's feelings toward grandma and their marriage, and his thoughts/feelings  he still has about Anna. This is important information that we don't get from the other characters.
Grandpa says,"...I thought we could run to each other, I thought we could have a beautiful reunion, although we had hardly known each other in Dresden. It didn't work. We've wandered in place, our arms outstretched, but not toward each other, they're marking off distance, everything between us has been a rule to govern our life together, everything a measurement, a marriage of millimeters..."(pg. 109). Grandpa reveals to the reader that things between him and grandma didn't feel right and weren't working. We see that its not natural and is almost governed by rules. This is important information we do not see from grandma.
Grandpa says, "In this life, I'm sitting in the airport trying to explain myself to my unborn son, I'm filling the pages of this, my last daybook, I'm thinking of a loaf of black bread that I left out one night, the next morning I saw the outline of the mouse that had eaten through it, I cut the loaf into slices, saw the mouse at each moment, I'm thinking of Anna, I would give everything never to think of her again...I'm thinking of the day we met, she accompanied her father to meet my father..."(pg. 113). We can see Grandpa still thinks about Anna even though he was with grandma, and we also see grandpa reminisces over the time he spent with Anna. He says he wishes he would never think about Anna again which also shows the reader how he is having trouble letting go of her. This is important because we see that Anna is the one grandpa truly loved and he can't forget her.