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During WWII, President Roosevelt ordered that all people of Japanese descent be imprisoned in isolation camps. Because of the bombing of Pearl Harbor, the order seemed to be justified. These camps were in use from 1942-1945 and are now seen as one of the worst cases of American civil rights violations of the 20th century. About 117 thousand people were kept in these camps. Following the order, Canada, Mexico, and more South American countries removed those of Japanese descent and sent them to American internment camps. Most of these prisoners were citizens of the country that had imprisoned them, not of Japan.

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The Office of War Information was created to centralize the information services of the U.S. government and create a single line of communication about the war to the public. They created and distributed posters, books, photos, and films to boost patriotism. The OWI censored information to increase enlistment numbers and increase support from the citizens, this created propaganda. Propaganda was used widely and glorified the war. The OWI was shut down in September 1945 (3 years after its creation) because of congress’s disapproval of the operation on U.S. soil.

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In 1942 the War Production Board was granted the authority to control the quotas and set standards of industrial production programs. This stated what needed to be made, how it needed to be made, and the minimum amount of each product that needed to be made within a certain amount of time. Some things that the board required to be made were steel, aluminum, rubber, etc. The board also prohibited the production of nonessential goods (such as cars and refrigerators). This greatly fueled the U.S. war supply during WW2.

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After the Great Depression, many industrial factories (with their equipment) had been abandoned, and many citizens were out of work, when WWII came around, this became a U.S. advantage. The U.S. would have many available spaces and workers to start preparing goods for war. Prior to the U.S. entering WWII, Roosevelt had promised to help the United Kingdom fight Nazi Germany by providing them with military supplies. The arsenal of democracy was a term created by Roosevelt that referred to the industry of the U.S. as being the primary supplier of military supplies for the Allied war effort.

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WWII was a very expensive war, in order to fund this war the government needed assistance. To achieve some of the needed funds, war bonds were widely used. War bonds are essentially loans from citizens to the government. Citizens would purchase a bond for about 50-75% of its face value, then the government would pay the face value back to the citizen when the length of the bond is over (usually about 10 years). Citizens purchased over 80 million war bonds, which when paid back, brought in over $180 billion dollars in profits.

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After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, the U.S. decided to start using rationing on things like gasoline, butter, sugar, milk, and more. They did so for multiple reasons. Two of the major reasons were: to ship the conserved goods to the soldiers and because the war had disrupted trade routes, limiting the availability of certain goods. The Office of Price Administration was responsible for enforcing the rationing. Rationing was managed by using ration books, which told marketers how much of a certain good was allowed to be purchased. The first round of these books were given out in May of 1942.

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The Office of Price Administration was established in August, 1941, and is a part of the Office for Emergency Management of the U.S. government. The original purpose for the OPA was to control money and prices, rents, and rationing after the start of WWII. They controlled the prices of consumer goods that were NOT agricultural commodities. The OPA developed ceiling prices for goods to try to fight wartime inflation.

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Following the armed forces draft of WWII, there were large amounts of vital (to supplying the war) jobs losing all of their employees. This allowed for women to step in and take over the empty positions. In just five years (1940-1945), the percentage of the american women in the workforce grew from 27% to about 37%. Many women worked in aircraft repair, but some also worked in factories. These factories made products like ammunition, ships, planes, and other vital products to “fuel” the war.

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When the U.S. decided to order a draft, all citizens (other than women) were eligible to be drafted, including those of foreign descent and those of color. Many minorities were drafted, including about 1 million African-Americans, 33 thousand Japanese-Americans, 20 thousand Chinese-Americans, 25 thousand Native Americans, 16 thousand Fillipino-Americans, and 500 thousand Hispanic-Americans, as well as many more. All drafted soldiers were paid the same amount, released from duty between 1945 and 1946 on equal terms, were all eligible for the G.I. Bill, and all had equal veterans benefits, regardless of color and ethnicity. Minorities made up more than 20% of those who served in WWII.

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Due to WWII, America became desperate for more soldiers. Even after the military draft, the U.S. still needed more to serve. It was because of this that American women were finally allowed to enlist in the United States Armed Forces. Approximately 400,000 women took advantage of this new opportunity. These women served by acting as nurses, doing clerical work, driving military vehicles, and by servicing and repairing aircraft; however, women were not yet allowed to participate in combat.

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During the second world war, prior to the drafting of citizens, the US relied heavily on military volunteers. This was because of the great number of lives that had been lost during the attack on Pearl Harbor and previous battles, as well as the fact that the war would need to be fought in two different, distant, fronts; in Europe and in the Pacific Islands.

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The Selective Service System, put into place in 1940, required all U.S. males between the ages of 26 and 45 to register for the draft. Those who were selected for the draft were required to serve in the armed forces for the duration of the war. Though there were many voluntary enlistments, the draft was responsible for about 20% of those who served for the U.S. in WWII. Taking so many citizens away for the home front left many job openings in industries important to supplying the war.