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The Black Land, Nile River, Nile Delta, and Red Land are the key geographical features or land forms in Ancient Egypt. The ancient Egyptians called the area The Black Land because of its fertile farmlands that the Nile provided. The annual flooding of the river, known as the inundation irrigating the crops and enriched the soil making life possible.  “The Ancient Egyptians called the area the Black Land, describing the fertile farmlands the Nile provided.” Page 7

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Egyptians  belief system was that the Pharaoh’s is the leader of ancient Egypt.  And after life was important to ancient Egyptians. For example Egyptians think the pharos were descendent of the early gods and controlled over little things. Another example is that they believed that ancient Egyptians had power over everything. For example on page 14 it states “Religion. Is very important to ancient Egyptians”. They worship many different gods and goddesses.

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Ancient Egypt, author Pamela Dell, compass point books, 2013

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Ancient Egypt author Liz Gogerly, raintree 2007

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Afterlife impacts civilization because everyone believes in the afterlife so they try to not do anything bad so they will forever live.  For example they are buried with some of there Possessions because they may need it for afterlife. Another example is that  the higher class in the social structure the longer it takes to mummify. On page 17  “Ancient Egyptians want to continue living forever. They believe that the corps should be preserved for the afterlife”

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There beliefs impacted there lives because there would have to be jobs so people could make people go into the afterlife. For example the mummification process was very complicated and lasted up to seventy days. Another example, the Egyptians believed that when they died, they would make a journey to a new life. On page 18 “In ancient Egypt, people believed that after people died, they would still need their body in their next life.”

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Kevin supples,2002,National geographic society.

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The Egyptians by Pamela Odijk, 1989, Macmillan company

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One things that are important to the ancient Egyptians Is women and men had equal rights in marriage and was very important to ancient  Egyptians . For example, getting married in ancient Egypt was very important because family was very valuable. Another example is Most men were married by twenty and girls might be as young as fifteen. On page 24 it states “Men and women had equal rights in marriage, which a certain percentage of property being shared as marriage property. All other properties belonged to the individual. Slaves who married free people became free.

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The advantages of being a vizier is that he is very high up on the political System. The disadvantage of being a visier is that he has to do several jobs. For example,The vizier in Ancient Egypt was the most powerful position after the king. Another example is The Vizier received reports from every top official every day. Every night, the Vizier gave the Pharaoh a concise report on what was happening all over Egypt. On page 12 it states that “Second to the pharaoh is a kind of prime minister, called a vizier. He is the pharaoh’s advisor, but he also acts as a treasurer, high priest, and chef justice.”

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What causes the government to rise is  that the police make the government rise. For example Sometimes the police was responsible for delivering important or sensitive messages for the government officials. Another example The ancient Egypt police was the first police in the ancient world. On page 26 it says “Ancient Egyptians developed their idea of justice from their religion. The goddess ma’at represents truth, justice , order, and balance in the universe . The pharaoh was the supreme judge lawmaker .”

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The Red Land effected Ancient Egypt negatively because The Red Land is covered with miles and miles of desert. This could effect the civilization of Ancient Egypt because it is hard to live in the desert. Beyond the Black land was The Red Land. The name described miles and miles of hostile desert that stretched both east and west of the hostile desert. The desert of the East were harsh and mountainous. They contained a network of dry river beds called wadis. “Beyond the Black Land was The Red Land. The name described miles and miles of hostile desert that stretched both east and west of the river.” Page 7.

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https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=960mk5JRSBk

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The Nile River effected Ancient Egypt in a negative way because the Nile River flooded Ancient Egypt. This beautiful shaped river begins deep inside the African continent. Once the river enters Egypt, it travels first through the region called upper Egypt. “The Nile River flooded each year. The Ancient Egyptians used the flood water for irrigation.” Page 7.

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What did the ancient Egyptians do for me? Author: Patrick Catel. Copyright year: 2011. Heinmen

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Ancient Egypt had a form of economy because the Ancient Egyptians traded. The Ancient Egyptians were wonderful traders. They traded gold, papyrus, linen, and grain for cedar wood, ebony, copper, iron etc. Ships sailed up and down the Nile River, bringing goods to various spots. The Nile River was used to help people trade from far away. “Crops can be bartered or swapped for farmers can not make themselves.” Page 28.

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Ancient Egypt Grew, developed, and traded barley, wheat, and vegetables. The Ancient Egyptians grew crops like wheat, barley, vegetables, figs, melons, pomegranates, and vines. The Ancient Egyptians used grain to make bread, porridge, and beer. “Harvest is one of the busiest times of the year. Children like you have to help out. A sharp tool called sickle is used to harvest grain.” Page 6.

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You are in ancient Egypt, 2005, raintree, Ivan Minnis

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Ancient Egyptians used deben. They didn’t have money so there economy was different from ours. In Ancient Egypt, many transactions were made in metal, measured using weights. A deben for example, was composed of about 3 ounces of metal, typically silver or copper. “They didn’t actually use coinage. The cost of things were measured by a deben. A deben was a piece of copper that weighed about 90 grams.” Page 5.

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Ancient Egypt Linda Scher, kids discover 2009

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In this time period chairs, pencils, phones, and tablets have a very big impact on our daily life. Just like how Ancient Egyptians made creams and lotions and they used it in there daily life’s. Ancient Egyptians used olive oil, sesame oil, bitter almonds, and cardamom to moisturize their skin. Both men and women placed great value on personal hygiene. “Creams and lotions made from animal or vegetables fat not only made the skin look better but also protected it from hot, dry weather.” Page 5.

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In Ancient Egypt they made the pyramids. Now other cultures make big towers or buildings. Some of the earliest kings were responsible for building the pyramids. The great pyramid is the last remaining of the seven wonders of the Ancient world. “The great Egyptian pyramids and temples were built of stone. The stone was shaped by highly skilled stonemasons.” Page 30.

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The clocks and calendars that Ancient Egyptians made is used in modern times. The earliest Egyptian calendar was based on the moon cycles. So, the Egyptians made solar calendar. Egyptians clocks were much different from the ones we use today. There were two types of clocks in Ancient Egypt a water clock and sundial. “The Ancient Egyptians used a calendar that is similar to ours. There were 12 months in a year, with 30 days each. There were also an extra 5 days added at the end of the year, to make 365 day total. This calendar was based on. The movement of the sun which was studied by astronomers.” Page 15.

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For the rich people in Ancient Egypt it was easy to live and for the poor people in ancient Egypt it was hard to live. Ordinary people in Ancient Egypt lived in simpler homes made of mud bricks with about four rooms. A slaves life was very hard. Ordinary people were not slaves. “For the poor, life was hard, and the average life span was  36.” Page 4.

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https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=hO1tzmi1V5g

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The men in the royal family had the advantages. The people who had the disadvantages were farmers, and laborers. Everyone looked to the rulers to keep society smooth and running. Egypt was a society with deep roots and traditions. The king was considered a divine being part human and part god. He was identified with the falcon god Horus. His power was absolute because the gods had authorized him. “The royal family and the nobles life was much less work and much more family and the nobles, life was much less work and much more play.” Page 4.

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The royal families lived in a house that usually had a pool, a garden, and several bedrooms. Many of the nobles were overseers of the lands worked by peasants. Nobles in ancient Egypt were related to the pharaoh, priest, scribe, doctor, or lawyer. “A noble family lived in a large house that had a pool and a garden. The house had several bedrooms and stairways leading up to the roof. Egyptian homes had little furniture.” Page 4.

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Men had the advantages in the social structure, and farmers and laborers had the disadvantages. Everyone looked to the rulers to keep society smooth and running. Egypt was a society with deep roots and traditions. The king was considered a divine being part human and part god. He was identified with the falcon god Horus. His power was absolute because the gods had authorized him. “The royal family and the nobles life was much less work and much more play.” Page 4.