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He was born in 23rd January 1839 in Arequipa - Peru and his parents were José Nicolás de Piérola and  Teresa Villena.

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He edited his own newspaper, El Tiempo, which was supported by the government of Juan Antonio Pezet.

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During Jose Balta goverment he were named Minister of Finance. During his tenure, the famous Dreyfus contract was signed.

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On May 6, in an attempt to overthrow the government of Mariano Ignacio Prado the Huáscar was seized at Callao port by followers of de Pierola.

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December 21, a revolutionary movement promoted him to be the super head of the republic.

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He founded the Democratic Party organizing guerrilla parties and originating the revolution unleashed against the government of President Andrés A. Cáceres.

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He was arrested on April 5 and subjected to a militar trial, but he achieved to escape from jail and left the country.

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He was president in the periods of 1895 - 1899, called "Constitutional Government".

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He died in Lima on June 23, his funeral was one of the most massive in Peru.