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Known metals were recorded and listed in conjunction with heavenly bodies.

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First to propose that matter exists in the form of particles. Coined the term 'atoms.'
"by convention bitter, by convention sweet, but in reality atoms and void"

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Aristotle declares the existence of only four elements: fire, air, water, and earth. All matter is made up of these four elements and matter had four properties: hot, cold, dry, and wet.

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300 BC -300 AD The Advent of the Alchemists

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300 BC -300 AD The Advent of the Alchemists

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Influenced greatly by Aristotle's ideas, alchemists attempted to transmute cheap metals to gold. The substance used for this conversion was called the Philosopher's Stone.

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Nicolas Flamel was a poor scholar from Paris who reportedly made the philosopher’s stone, but did not share it or his methods with anyone else.

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He was the first true "chemist." Discovered a relationship between pressure and
volume (Boyle’s Law). Formulated the fundamental gas laws. First to propose the combination of small particles to form molecules. Differentiated between compounds and mixtures.

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The disproving of Aristotle's four-elements theory and the publishing of the book, The Skeptical Chemist (by Robert Boyle), combined to destroy this early form of chemistry.

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-According to Lavoisier, matter cannot be created or destroyed (Law of Conservation of Mass).
-Discovered nitrogen. Described the composition of many organic compounds. Sometimes regarded as the Father of Chemistry.

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He found that a given compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by mass (Law of Definite Proportions).

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-Proposed atomic theory based on measurable masses (1807). Stated law of partial pressure of gasses.
-The ratios of the masses of elements in a compound can always be reduced to small whole numbers (Law of Multiple Proportions).