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The proportion of the world's population living below $1.90 a day is projected to rise to 8.8 percent in 2020 from 8.2 percent in 2019

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Insufficent income is not the only  factor, we can measure poverty by the rate of unemployment, nutrition, education, sanitation, housing, etc.

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1. INEQUALITY AND MARGINALIZATION
2. CONFLICT
3. HUNGER, MALNUTRITION, AND STUNTING
4. POOR HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS
5. LITTLE OR NO ACCESS TO CLEAN WATER, SANITATION, AND HYGIENE
6. CLIMATE CHANGE
7. LACK OF EDUCATION
8. POOR PUBLIC WORKS AND INFRASTRUCTURE
9. LACK OF GOVERNMENT SUPPORT
10. LACK OF JOBS OR LIVELIHOODS

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Poverty can be found citywide, statewide, nationally and globally. Poverty can develop in the smallest or most unexpected locations — familiar places, not simply distant third world countries separated from the cozy upper-middle-class Western lifestyle.

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what are the governors doing  to enable their people to be able to access water in places experiencing water scarcity ?

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what can be done to increase employment rate?

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WHAT CAN BE DONE TO DECREASE THE DEATHRATE BECAUSE OF THE DISEASES IN POOR COUNTRIES?

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WHAT CAN BE DONE TO DECREASE THE DEATHRATE BECAUSE OF THE DISEASES IN POOR COUNTRIES?

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HOW WE CAN DEVELOP THE CONDITIONS OF EDUCATION?

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HOW WE CAN DEVELOP THE CONDITIONS OF EDUCATION?

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WHAT ARE THE CAUSES THAT MAKE COUNTRIES POOR?

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WHAT ARE THE CAUSES THAT MAKE COUNTRIES POOR?

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WHAT ARE THE CAUSES THAT MAKE COUNTRIES POOR?

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WHAT ARE THE CAUSES THAT MAKE COUNTRIES POOR?

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There are many reasons that make a country poor. For example, if access to clean water and food is not sufficient in a country, there is poverty in that country. Because one of the simplest living functions of man is water and food. Another reason is the lack of job opportunities. This causes the economy to collapse and the money to lose value. Insufficient training can also be evaluated in this regard. Individuals who cannot get a good education are unemployed and unable to sustain their lives.

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Around 8% of the world's population lives in extreme poverty - but do you know why? We look at 11 of the top causes of global poverty. Living on less than $2 a day feels like an impossible scenario, but's a reality for around 600 million people in our world today.

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WHAT CAN BE DONE TO DECREASE THE DEATHRATE BECAUSE OF THE DISEASES IN POOR COUNTRIES?

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WHAT CAN BE DONE TO DECREASE THE DEATHRATE BECAUSE OF THE DISEASES IN POOR COUNTRIES?

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Roughly 17.6 million individuals in low-and center pay nations pass on every year from transmittable illnesses and maternal and fatal conditions. Three transferable illnesses, HIV/AIDS, TB, and jungle fever, represent around 10% of the passings in low-and center pay nations. To overcome those problems, firstly, it is required money or financial fund. Then, the importance of hygiene should be emphasized in countries where the disease is common.Finally, drugs against the disease should be provided to these poor countries. As it is known, there are treatments for many diseases in the world, but these countries cannot access drugs. Therefore, attention should be paid to drug logistics.

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HOW WE CAN DEVELOP THE CONDITIONS OF EDUCATION?

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HOW WE CAN DEVELOP THE CONDITIONS OF EDUCATION?

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Education in developing countries is always open to discussion and development. The first thing that can be done to achieve progress in education is to reduce the tuition fee. As is known, education is divided into two as private and public. If the country is crowded, there can be an average of 50-60 people in a class. Therefore, the teacher cannot take care of the student properly and the student fails the exams. In private schools this is less. Class sizes are 15-20 people and each student can be treated in a special way. However, most families cannot send their children to private schools, as the prices for private schools are quite expensive. In order to prevent this, education can become monopolized. The gap between the private school and the public school can be eliminated only by preparing a good curriculum under appropriate conditions with the state administration. For this, qualified teachers and civil servants are needed. At the same time, the economic situation of the country should be good and adequate hygiene should be provided for the school.

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How to provide water and sanitation for people in poor areas?

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How to provide water and sanitation for people 

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How to provide water and sanitation for people 

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1. More accurate measurement
2. Link global water use
3. Think across sectors
4. Treat water resources better
5. Develop water monitoring and regulation
6. Establish accountability mechanisms
7. Construct better water points
8. Invest in simple, efficient irrigation technology
9. Promote rainwater harvesting
10. Secure sufficient financing

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Calculate the water available: We need a better accounting of our "water balance sheet". In many places, we don't have any idea how current and near-term future demand matches up with the available surface and groundwater supplies. The WRI's Aqueduct tool has a water supply/demand indicator - called "baseline water stress" - that gives a good preliminary read on whether local water use is sustainable or not. Betsy Otto, global director - water programme, World Resources Institute, Washington DC, US, @wriaqueduct

Link global water use: Although the Swiss are quite efficient at using water within our country, we have a huge water footprint because of all the food and goods we import, often from very water stressed parts of the world. Globalisation means there is a global water economy at play. Government regulation or taxation could nudge behaviours onto a more sustainable path. Sean Furey, water and sanitation specialist, Skat, St Gallen, Switzerland, @thewatercyclist

Think across sectors: Currently, those who work on "water services" think almost exclusively in terms of access, and those who work on "water resources" think in terms of sectors and water usage. I think the water service people (myself included) need to think harder about where the water for increasing coverage is going to come from, and how we can best implement sanitation services that protect water resources. Sophie Trémolet, director, Trémolet Consulting, London, United Kingdom, @stremolet

Treat water resources better: For a long time we treated water as limitless, and the incentive structures in cities and rural areas pushed people towards unsustainable practices. Water distribution being highly subsidised by governments doesn't help create awareness about its actual value. We must make measurable efforts to change water-use habits in a global scale. Carlos Hurtado Aguilar, manager - sustainable development of water resources, FEMSA Foundation, Monterrey, Mexico

Develop water monitoring and regulation: Governments can provide both regulatory sideboards - such as requirements for full cost recovery on water tariffs - and incentives - such as cost-share on water reuse and rainwater harvesting systems. For developing countries (and many developed countries) this may feel like a daunting task, but governments do this sort of thing for education, energy, and other sectors. It's high time to do the same for water. Betsy Otto

Establish accountability mechanisms: To secure a safe water supply for the poorest people, service providers should get into trouble when they fail to provide the services the poorest need. There should be cross-subsidies between the rich and the poor but most importantly cross-subsidies that work in reverse should be eliminated. With the money saved, direct subsidies can be given to the poor. We should also encourage the poorest people to be more self-reliant (e.g. encourage rainwater harvesting practices) and to demand good quality services as customers. Sophie Trémolet

Construct better water points: I've been looking at water point data in various countries and the number of boreholes and wells that are reported dry or seasonal only is shocking. In places like Sierra Leone, Liberia and Tanzania, more than 15 to 20% of water points fail in the first year after construction. That's why we are working with Wateraid and Unicef to improve water well drilling practices. Poor communities often have to contribute a great deal for a new water point, so it clearly isn't right when they are left with a dud. Sean Furey

Invest in simple, efficient irrigation technology: Some means of beating water scarcity in agriculture - for example, farming close to rivers - are cheap but unsustainable. This could of course be prevented if there is an effort to invest in simple but efficient technologies for irrigation. This would break the vicious cycle where water scarcity leads to the invasion of marginal lands near rivers, which in turn undermines the ability of the river system to replenish its water resources, leading to further scarcity. Greenwell Matchaya, researcher and economist, International Water Management Institute, Pretoria, South Africa, @IWMI_

Promote rainwater harvesting: We need to challenge the way that rainwater harvesting is thought of. Everyone knows about it, but its use and implementation is piecemeal and I don't see any big agencies or donors pushing it forward. Can we have a 'reinvent rainwater harvesting' challenge? Sean Furey

Secure sufficient financing. To guarantee future populations have reliable access to water and sanitation, the top priority is securing the money to ensure that systems are built and adequately maintained over the years. Sophie Trémolet

Work with communities: The sustainability of water interventions is essential if we want communities to actually have better opportunities for development in the future. Helping community leaders take ownership of their water solutions and transferring that to their neighbours is one of the best ways to ensure projects remain a part of people's lives. Carlos Hurtado Aguilar

Invest in staff skills and capacity: To get good water data requires skilled hydrometric staff. It isn't sexy and it is often the first budget line to be cut when departments are squeezed but it's essential. I worked in Liberia (before the Ebola outbreak) last year and one of the major challenges for managing water resources we found is that there are hardly any measurements of anything and it's difficult to guarantee the quality of the information that does exist. Sean Furey

Apply smart strategies: WRI's global analysis is finding that future water stress is driven far more by demand than supply. Even in areas that will experience big hydrologic impacts from climate change, unmanaged demand will be a bigger impact. Ironically, that is cause for some optimism. If we apply the smart strategies that we already know work in the urban, rural and agricultural contexts, we can reduce future conflict and secure more water for equitable development and growth. Betsy Otto

Join our community of development professionals and humanitarians. Follow @GuardianGDP on Twitter, and have your say on issues around water in development using #H2Oideas.

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13 ways to provide water and sanitation for nine billion people

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Calculate the water available: We need a better accounting of our "water balance sheet". In many places, we don't have any idea how current and near-term future demand matches up with the available surface and groundwater supplies.

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How to increase employment in rural areas

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How to increase employment in rural areas

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1. improving the infrastructure and building post-harvest storage & processing units
2. improving transportation facilities to distribute and sell the produce
3. Encouraging non-farming activities, such as dairy farming, fisheries etc. can create ample opportunities.

4. Establishing service industry such as IT services companies, media offices etc in rural areas can result in a large number of employment opportunities.
5. Encouraging work from home facilities & part-time jobs can enable many rural women to take up jobs,
6. Special incentives to startups that are generating employment opportunities in rural areas will be helpful.
7. Setting up labour-intensive industries, agro-based industries, Solar plants and other clean energy industries
8. People can be educated to be more skillful so that they can work in different job areas
9. Establishing advanced healthcare facilities
10. thriving transportation facilities & the required infrastructure

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Theme:

Due to COVID-19 pandemic, many people who are living in urban areas lost their jobs and went back to rural areas. Now, many people are on the verge of slipping into poverty due to the lack of jobs in rural areas. So, once again the issue of employment opportunities in rural areas is highlighted.

The present situation:

Approximately 70% of the workforce is living in rural India.

As most of the employment opportunities are concentrated in urban areas, people are migrating from villages to cities for livelihoods, which is resulting in more population density in urban areas. This is causing slums, poor living conditions, higher rents & cost of living.

In March 2020, the unemployment rate in India was 8.4%. But in May 2020, it has increased to 27% because of COVID-19 pandemic.

At present agriculture sector is helping the Indian economy, whereas many other industries are struggling.

People who are living in rural areas are utilizing Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGA) for livelihood. In 2020, this scheme is utilized so much due to the reverse migration from cities to rural areas.

Ways to create more jobs in rural areas:

Agriculture is one of the main sectors that are helping in the revival of the Indian economy. But there is so much more potential in the agriculture sector that is yet to be tapped. By improving the infrastructure and building post-harvest storage & processing units, and improving transportation facilities to distribute and sell the produce can create a large number of employment opportunities. Raising farmers' income is very important to boost the agricultural sector. For that, Minimum Support Price should be increased. Taking steps to boost Agri exports can also create number of jobs.

Encouraging non-farming activities, such as dairy farming, fisheries etc. can create ample opportunities.

In the past few years, the service sector has become the most important sector for the economy surpassing agriculture sector. Utilizing this opportunity and establishing service industry such as IT services companies, media offices etc in rural areas can result in a large number of employment opportunities.

Encouraging work from home facilities & part-time jobs can enable many rural women to take up jobs, who are otherwise could not work due to lack of efficient transport facilities, household responsibilities & childcare etc.

Approximately 51% of MSMEs are in rural India. Strengthening them and providing the necessary tools & technologies to MSMEs can create multiple job opportunities.

Encouraging entrepreneurship among rural youth and imparting them with adequate skills can make wonders in improving the rural economy.

At present, many startups are working to help in marketing non-farm activities such as handicrafts, handlooms etc. Special incentives to startups that are generating employment opportunities in rural India will be helpful.

Setting up labour-intensive industries, agro-based industries, Solar plants and other clean energy industries can create many jobs and also helps in transforming towards sustainable development.

Skill development programs help rural people to get jobs that require professional skills.

Azim Premji Foundation suggested increasing MGNREGA workdays from 100 to 200 to compensate for the lack of employment opportunities in rural areas. This is very much needed at this pandemic time, where many people are on the verge of slipping into poverty.

Establishing advanced healthcare facilities in rural India is very much needed. With this, everyone will have access to healthcare facilities. This will also create many jobs in rural areas.

For any industry to thrive, transportation facilities & the required infrastructure is very important. Developing infrastructure can help the rural economy to a great extent.

Steps taken by Indian government:

In May 2020, the Indian government has launched "Atma Nirbhar Bharat Abhiyan" to revive the Indian economy, which was badly hit during COVID-19 pandemic. In this package, fund to agricultural infrastructure was also mentioned, which is very helpful for the rural economy. Collateral-free loans to MSME sector are also promised. As 51% of MSME sector is in rural India, these loans will be very helpful to prevent further job losses.

"Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme" (MGNREGA), which guarantees 100 days of employment to rural people is a boon for the rural economy. This is very helpful especially in the COVID-19 pandemic situation when many people lost their jobs and returned to villages.

"Skill Training of Rural Youth" (STRY) program as part of the "Skill India" initiative is helping rural youth in learning the necessary skills to get employed.

Conclusion:

COVID-19 pandemic forced many people to return to villages. So, there is a need to create plenty of job opportunities in rural India as soon as possible. Jobs creation in rural areas is also an important step in preparing for future pandemics because it can prevent severe damage to the economy. Strengthening the agricultural sector, encouraging non-farm activities, establishing service sector companies, clean energy industries in rural areas can create plenty of job opportunities.

References:

S.Mahendra Dev's article - "Pallepattulakedi upadhi barosa?" in Eenadu newspaper dated 14th August 2020.

Your Turn...

What are the other ways to create more employment opportunities in rural India? Express your thoughts through the comment section below. And subscribe to our blog to read answers to the trending GD topics.

Copyright @ Group Discussion Ideas.

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How to create more jobs in rural areas? ~ Group Discussion Ideas

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Jobs creation in rural areas is also an important step in preparing for future pandemics because it can prevent severe damage to the economy. Strengthening the agricultural sector, encouraging non-farm activities, establishing service sector companies, clean energy industries in rural areas can create plenty of job opportunities.

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How to increase employment in urban areas

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How to increase employment in urban areas

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1. Investmens can be made in basic industries which provide mass employment
2. people can be directed to unused or undiscovered areas and investments can be done to these  business areas
3. Improving local and inter city transportation which will provide easy access to
farther job opportunities for people
4. Increasing vocational education courses, so that people who is educated for a vacation, can get job more easily
5. Governments can use policies to encourage busissines corporations to hire more employees

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Why are so many people starving? Isn’t there enough food in the world?

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Why can’t rich countries just ship food to the poor?

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There actually is plenty of food in the world to feed every person, yet nearly 800 million people are chronically hungry. The problem is not food production, but food availability and distribution.

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Why can’t rich countries just ship food to the poor?

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Why can’t rich countries just ship food to the poor?

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Although some food is shipped during times of immediate crisis, as in following a natural disaster, it is expensive and difficult for food to reach people in outlying areas which are not easily accessible. If food is sent, it can depress local agricultural products and cause a decrease in income for farmers in the country in need.

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How can we reduce poverty?

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Develop and implement rapid and sustained economic growth policies and programs, in areas such as health, education, nutrition and sanitation, allowing the poor to participate and contribute to the growth.
Improve management of water and other natural resources.
Invest in and implement agricultural programs.
Encourage countries to engage in trade as a path out of poverty.
Create and improve access to jobs and income and develop entrepreneurial talent.
Providing all people with access to basic social services including education, health care, adequate food, sanitation, shelter and clean water.
Progressively developing social protection systems to support those who cannot support themselves.

Empower people living in poverty by involving them in the development and implementation of plans and programs to reduce and eradicate poverty.
Remove barriers to equal access to resources and services.

Provide access to technology and innovation including internet access and affordable energy.