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A term used by geographers to mean inhabited land. It refers to land where people have made their permanent home, and to all work areas that are considered occupied.

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The number of people living in each unit of area (square mile).

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The population density measured as the number of people per unit area of land

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The number of people per unit area of arable land

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The number of resident live births/deaths for a specified geographic area

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Calculated by subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate of a given region

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The death of young children under the age of one.

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A statistical measure of the average time an organism is expected to live

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A mathematical determination of the changes in a population

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The amount of time it takes for a population to double in size or value at a constant growth rate

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Where the number of people in a specified population neither grows nor declines.

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This is when the projection population show exponential growth

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This is when the projection population shows logistic growth

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A sudden, large increase in the size of a population

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A graph showing the distribution of a population by sex, age, etc.

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The ratio of males to females in a population

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Population groups categorized in an age-sex population pyramids that are distinguished by a certain characteristic.

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Ratio of the economically dependent part of the population to the productive part.

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A cohort of individuals born in the United States between 1946 and 1964, which was just after World War II. These conditions allowed for better education and job opportunities, encouraging high rates of both marriage and fertility.

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A period of time during the 1960s and 1970s when fertility rates in the United States dropped as large numbers of women from the baby boom generation sought higher levels of education and more competitive jobs, causing them to marry later in life.

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The largest number of people that the environment of a particular area can sustainably support.

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Over - When the resources of a particular area are not great enough to support that area's current population
Under -  When the resources of a particular area are too much to support that area's current population.

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Author of Essay on the Principle of Population (1798) who claimed that population grows at an exponential rate while food production increases arithmetically, and thereby that, eventually, population growth would out space food production.

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Advocacy of population control programs to ensure enough resources for current and future population.

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When the UN International Conference on Population and Development met in Cairo, Egypt, and agreed on a strategy for stabilizing the world's population at 7.27 billion no later than 2015.

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Population - All the inhabitants of a particular town, area, or country.
Sustainability - The ability to meet humanities current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs

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27. Demographic Transition Model strength and weaknesses

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27. Demographic Transition Model strength and weaknesses

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Has 4 steps. Stage 1 is low growth (low stationary), Stage 2 is High Growth (early expanding), Stage 3 is Moderate Growth (late expanding), and Stage 4 is Low Growth (low stationary), and Stage 5 although not officially a stage is a possible stage that includes zero or negative population growth. This is important because this is the way our country and others countries around the world are transformed from a less developed country to a more developed country.

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Describes a distinctive cause of death in each stage of the demographic transition.

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A permanent move to a new location

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The action or practice of moving livestock from one grazing ground to another in a seasonal cycle, typically to lowlands in winter and highlands in summer.

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31. Voluntary Migration and Push/Pull factors

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31. Voluntary Migration and Push/Pull factors

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Voluntary - A person's choice to relocate to an opportunity
Push - a flaw or distress that drives a person away from a certain place
Pull -  a benefit that attracts people to a certain place

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The movement of people from the countryside to the city

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33. Interregional vs Intraregional migration

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33. Interregional vs Intraregional migration

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Interregional - permanent movement from one region of a country to another
Intraregional -  the movement within the same region of the country

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34. Rust Belt and Sun Belt Migration Patterns

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34. Rust Belt and Sun Belt Migration Patterns

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Rust Belt - the decline in the factories, the high unemployment, and the shift away from industrial production
Sun Belt - the migration of workers from Mexico, and a boom in the agriculture industry allowed the southern third of the United States to grow economically

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35. Population Centroid of the United States

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35. Population Centroid of the United States

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The place where an imaginary, flat, weightless and rigid map of the United States would balance perfectly if all residents were of identical weight

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A person with temporary permission to work in another country.

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1. Most migrants move only a short distance.

2. There is a process of absorption, whereby people immediately surrounding a rapidly growing town move into it and the gaps they leave are filled by migrants from more distant areas, and so on until the attractive force [pull factors] is spent.

3. There is a process of dispersion, which is the inverse of absorption.

4. Each migration flow produces a compensating counter-flow.

5. Long-distance migrants go to one of the great centers of commerce and industry.

6. Natives of towns are less migratory than those from rural areas.

7. Females are more migratory than males.

8. Economic factors are the main cause of migration.

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The process in which an immigrant to the US sponsors other family members for admissions who can then sponsor more family members.

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The tendency for migration to flow between areas that are socially and economically allied by past migration patterns.

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A migration pattern occurring stage by stage as rural inhabitants move closer to urban areas of growth.

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The coerced movement of a person or persons away from their home or home region.

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The migration of people into a country in violation of the immigration laws of that country, or the continued residence of people without the legal right to live in that country.

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People who have been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster.

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60% of the worlds population lives within 60 miles of the ocean; population is becoming more urban

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The specialized behavioral social patterns, understandings, adaptations, and social systems that summarize a group of people's learned way of life.

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Non Material - Anything that makes up culture that cannot be touched, such as language & religion, folklore, philosophies, and superstitions.
Material - Tangible things, concrete human creations (artifacts) created by members of a society.

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The smallest item of culture-building block culture. It is the learned behavior ranging from language spoken to tools to games. They can also be objects, techniques, beliefs, or attitudes.

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When an ethnic or immigrant group moving to a new area adopts the values and practices of the larger group that has received them, while still maintaining major elements of their own culture.

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Happens when an ethnic group can no longer be distinguished from the receiving group.

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Custom - a repetitive act of a group, performed to the extent that it becomes characteristic of the group, such as many students typically wearing jeans to class.
Habit - a repetitive act that a particular individuals performs, such as wearing jeans to class every day

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Ideas, like architecture, are changed from region to region due to differing building materials, to save money, and method of import.

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Pop - found in large, heterogenous societies that share certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics
Folk - traditionally practiced primarily by small, homogenous groups living in isolated rural areas.

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The principle that an individual human's beliefs and activities should be understood by others in terms of that individual's own culture

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The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape.

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The state of mind derived through the infusion of a place with meaning and emotion by remembering important events that occurred in that place or by labeling a place with a certain character

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The spread of an idea through physical movement from one place to another. Involves the actual movement of the original adopters from their point of origin, or hearth, to a new place.

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Occurs when numerous places or people near the point of origin become adopters

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Occurs when the diffusion innovation or concept spreads from a place or person of power or high susceptibility to another in a leveled pattern.

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Occurs when the innovative idea diffuses from its hearth outward, but the original idea is changed by the new adopters.

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When culture spreads from the bottom of a hierarchy to the top, instead of in the normal direction from the top to the bottom.

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The contact and interaction of one culture with another.

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The blending traits from two different cultures to form a new trait.

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The restriction of a culture from outside cultural influences.

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language ancestral to several daughter languages.

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a boundary line between two distinct linguistic regions.

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collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history

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A collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary

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regional variation of a language distinguished by vocab, spelling and pronunciation.

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an informal, often short-lived kind of language used in place of standard words.

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an area of instability between regions with opposing political and cultural values and language

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The acquisition of two languages that use different speech sounds, vocabularies, and grammatical rules.

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Polyglot - Knowing or using several languages; an area where several languages are spoken.
Monoglot - using or speaking only one language; a person who speaks only one language.

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Pidgin - a grammatically simplified means of communication that develops between two or more groups that do not have a language in common: typically, its vocabulary and grammar are limited and often drawn from several languages
Creole - A language that results from mixing a colonizer's language with the indigenous language of the people being dominated

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a language that combines simple words from multiple languages so that people who need to understand one another, in order to conduct trade and facilitate business, are able to communicate with one another.

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The language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents

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This occurs when a language is no longer in use by any living people

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attempt to be global by appealing to all people regardless of location or culture

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A religion with a relatively concentrated spatial distribution whose principles are likely to be based on the physical characteristics of the particular location in which its adherents are concentrated.

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Believing that there is only one god

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The worship of or belief in more than one god.

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Belief that objects, such as plants, stones, or natural events (thunderstorms and earthquakes), have a discrete spirit and conscious life

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a monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as embodied in the New Testament, emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior

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Christian Denominations in U.S.A. (where found...)

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Christian Denominations in U.S.A. (where found...)

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Christianity is the most prevalent religion in the US. Protestantism is the most prevalent form of Christianity and the Catholic Church is the largest individual Denomination.

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an Abrahamic monotheistic religion teaching that Muhammad is the final and ultimate messenger of God. It is the religious faith of Muslims including belief in Allah as the sole deity and in Muhammad as his prophet

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Sunni, Shi'a, Ibadi, Ahmadiyya, and Sufism. These branches started to develop after Muhammad's death when people began to disagree on the successor of the religion

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the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca that takes place in the last month of the year, and that all Muslims are expected to make at least once during their lifetime.

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a widespread Asian religion or philosophy, founded by Siddartha Gautama in northeastern India in the 5th century BC.

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rebirth of the aspect of an individual that persists after bodily death—whether it be consciousness, mind, the soul, or some other entity

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a Japanese religion dating from the early 8th century and incorporating the worship of ancestors and nature spirits and a belief in sacred power ( kami ) in both animate and inanimate things. It was the state religion of Japan until 1945.

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a major religious and cultural tradition of South Asia, which developed from Vedic religion

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a monotheistic religion founded in Punjab in the 15th century by Guru Nanak.

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a system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius and developed by Mencius.

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a Chinese philosophy based on the writings of Lao-tzu ( fl. 6th century BC), advocating humility and religious piety.

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the monotheistic religion of the Jewish people.

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an ancient practice that uses almanacs, charms, and complex compasses to coordinate the interactions of people, their living spaces, and the natural environment