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When Scout is standing on the Radley porch, she sees that Boo Radley had been able to see right in front of her house, so Boo must have watched her grow and watched all of the moments happening. This shows empathy, as Scout stands on Boo Radley's porch, she is standing in Boo's shoes, seeing what it is like. Harper Lee want to acknowledge Boo Radley and how much he got to know the kids just by watching them and how much he cared. It is almost as if the readers are Boo Radley, even though it is in the point of view of Scout, it is like readers are Boo Radley watching it all happen.

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While Scout and Jem were walking home, Bob Ewell had a knife and attacked them, breaking Jem’s arm, however Boo Radley saved them and killed Bob Ewell and carried Jem home. When Heck Tate says “Let the dead bury the dead” he is talking about how since Bob Ewell attempted to kill Jem and Scout and accidentally killed himself, that since he was forgotten and basically dead since no one appreciated him after the trial, it was like he was already dead. It could also mean that since Bob Ewell was the cause of Tom Robinson’s death that since he killed someone, they should just let it all work out and blame it on no one but the dead. When Scout compares Tom Robinson’s death to shooting a mockingbird, she realizes that Tom Robinson was the mockingbird in this situation. Mockingbird’s only do good for other people, just as Tom Robinson did work for Mayella and other people. To kill someone who only does good for others is a sin as the book quotes. Scout realized that Tom Robinson symbolizes a mockingbird.

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Scout just started 3rd grade and has a new teacher, Miss Gates who hates Hitler. Hitler since he tried to get rid of the Jews and their religion and he was very violent and there were very terrible things done to them, which is the reason why Miss Gates hates him. However, it is hypocritical to criticize Hitler’s persecution of the Jews but she herself persecuted against African Americans in Maycomb County. She also said, “‘Over here we don't believe in persecuting anybody. Persecution comes from people who are prejudiced. Prejudice," she enunciated carefully. "There are no better people in the world than the Jews, and why Hitler doesn't think so is a mystery to me.’” Miss Gates is being hypocritical because she says that America is better than Germany because Americans do not have prejudice, when actually the town is prejudiced against African Americans.

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The bug scene represents racism in the story so far. The bug was crawling on the floor and Scout was about to smash it, when Jem said that she couldn’t smash the bug since it wasn’t bothering her. In this situation, the bug would represent Tom Robinson and Scout represents white people/people against Tom. When Scout was about to kill the bug for no reason, she saw no reason that the bug had feelings and it would be sad to die. It is just like the trial, Tom Robinson was going to be killed and the white people involved in the trial saw nothing wrong with it. However, Tom hadn’t really raped Mayella, and black people in Maycomb county haven’t bothered the white people at all just like how the bug didn’t do anything to bother Scout. Scout had actually been bothering the bug.
I think it is sad how so many people didn’t know or care that Tom Robinson died. I felt so bad for Tom’s family after they found out he was shot. It is just upsetting how he was accused of something he didn’t even do and he died for it. I wish that people in Maycomb were more aware of how good of a person he was and more aware that he didn’t even rape Mayella Ewell. It is very upsetting.

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This chapter helps readers understand the social norms of Maycomb much better after Scout joined Aunt Alexandra and her friends during brunch and got some information. In Maycomb, it seems to be that the women all have similar style, they wear dresses, they sew and knit, they have their hair all in a certain way, and they all seem to hate men but still have husbands. The biggest thing they have in common is that they are all racist towards black people, and when Miss Maudie was talking to Aunt Alexandra about it, she said this, “‘The handful of people in this town who say that fair play is not marked White Only; the handful of people who say a fair trial is for everybody, not just us; thehandful of people with enough humility to think, when they look at a Negro, there but for the Lord’s kindness am I.’” She is explaining that there are so many people who support segregation and it is sickening. This chapter also made Aunt Alexandra a bit more complex because after she heard Tom Robinson died, she spoke of Atticus in a way she hadn’t before. “‘I can’t say I approve of everything he does, Maudie, but he’s my brother, and I just want to know when this will ever end.” Her voice rose: “It tears him to

pieces. He doesn’t show it much, but it tears him to pieces. I’ve seen him when— what else do they want from him, Maudie, what else?’”

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This is “Jem’s Chapter” because he speaks his mind in many parts of the chapter, and he makes a lot of good points and opinions about the Tom Robinson trial, people in the trial, and people living in maycomb. He had been worrying about Atticus, “‘What’s bothering you son?’ Jem came to the point: ‘Mr. Ewell.’ ‘What has happened?’ “Nothing’s happened. We’re scared for you, and we think you oughta do something about him.’” Jem is very caring and considerate of Atticus, and this moment shows his character, he is caring and good to people, and he will stand up for what is right, just like Atticus. He get’s into some deep conversation with Atticus about Tom Robinson’s punishments and punishments for rape in general. , like when he says this, “‘Then it all goes back to the jury, then. We oughta do away with juries.’ Jem was adamant.” The word adamant adds to teh quote, he was forceful and didn’t regret his decision. This chapter proves Jem to be an all around amazing boy, who stands up for the right reason and the rights of others.

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These past few chapters have been very interesting. I was never bored reading about this case, it was so cool to read and it felt like I was really there, at the trial especially because we got to read the lines of people at the trial and just listening to the students in my class read it out loud and act it out made it feel very real. I was so disappointed that Atticus didn't win the case and he was convicted of raping Mayella Ewell. I have a lot of empathy, and I just can't imagine the fear and sadness of both Tom and Atticus. Tom did absolutely nothing wrong and it just makes me so angry

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Dolphus Raymond is a wealthy man who was going to marry a white woman and ended up being in love with a black woman in secret.

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This chapter revealed a lot about lynch mobs in Maycomb County, and also shows how kids can change someone very quickly. A father of a child that Scout knows was a part of the lynch mob for Tom Robinson. I'm sure they would've beaten up Atticus if Scout and Jem hadn't showed up. They were going to lynch Tom Robinson just because he was black and was accused of raping someone, which according to the Scottsboro trial is definitely false. Scout didn't realize or understand what was going on, she didn't know about lynching, so her innocence to Mr. Cunningham actually softened him and made him feel bad for what he was about to do.

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The story of the Scottsboro trial and what those boys endured for many years is a tragedy, but it gave a good look into the events during the time period of To Kill A Mockingbird. These boys were accused of raping two white women, and in the end it turned out both women were lying to get out of trouble since they were illegally riding the train. This changed my view of the meaning and moral behind To Kill a Mockingbird. Since there is a trial like this one in the book, I connected Leibowitz and Atticus. They both fight as hard as they can for what is right and what will make a difference. As Scout grows more and more, she learns everyday, being exposed to the violent and harsh things in the world, as well as the amazing, beautiful things. Words have a lot of power, but actions speak louder, and in the Scottsboro trial, lies and words convinced many people that these boys raped these women, but it was also because of the fact that they were black, who were discriminated against just because of the way they look. To Kill a Mockingbird is teaching readers that there is so much more behind what someone looks like and that people have just one story for everyone in their mind.

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My family is essential in my life. My mom is the person I tell everything to and who I always can count on. I can tell her anything, as well as my sister and my dad. They are my best friends. Another group of peoplw that are essential to my life are my friends. I love hanging out with friends because I always laugh so hard and have the best time, and forget my worries or stress when I am with them. After reading chapter 14, Scout would definitely say her essential people in her life are Atticus, Jem, Calpurnia, and Dill. Scout and Atticus have a special bond. Atticus is a role model and a teacher to Scout. He tells her what is right and what is wrong, and always answers her questions. He is such a strong and reliable father.

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What Aunt Alexandra means by "gentle breeding ," is that the generations in the past have always lived up to their names and have been good about having kids. I think she just wants Jem and Scout to act like their family.

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This chapter helped me learn a lot about Calpurnia. One of the things that I thought was very brave and caring of her was that she took them to a church just for black people and she wasn't scared, and she made sure neither were Jem and Scout. "I agreed: they did not want us here. I sensed, rather than saw, that we were being advanced upon. They seemed to be drawing closer to us, but when I looked up at Calpurnia, there was amusement in her eyes." This shows the bravery and courageousness of Calpurnia, she knew that Jem and Scout were protected and she knows she could never let them get hurt. "It's not necessary to tell all you know. It's not ladylike-in the second place, folks don't like to have somebody around 'knowin more than they do. It aggravates 'em." Calpurnia is very wise for saying this. You can tell Calpurnia has been through a lot to learn this, and that she has had to keep things froms kids for a while. She is very brave and very kind.

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Response to "Stories of the Great Depression"

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Response to "Stories of the Great Depression"

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This video was very educating and gave a view into the great depression and how hard it was to be living in that time, along with racism. The Great Depression has so many inside stories and facts that not many people know. I was so interested in how children were coping and how people got food and clothes and shelter. Many people were so desperate for food or shelter, because some didn't even have a home or place to stay.

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Mrs Dubose is a good example of "you never know what someone is going through" she was very rude to Jem and Scout about Atticus and him being an "n-word lover" however she was mentally ill and was actually a very good person. Atticus knew it, too.

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A lot about Atticus was discovered, Jem and Scout were convinced that Atticus didn't really do much that he was "'too old for that'" but when he had to shoot that old dog, he proved that there was more to him. I think Atticus wants to be simple for his kids, and a good role model, and he is doing a very good job. I think he wants his kids to see his respectful attitude and how he doesn't ever do anything reckless. Maybe his parents were very crazy and bad to him as a kid, so maybe Atticus was a crazy reckless teenager. In the book Ms Maudie said that he was very good at shooting with a gun, but Jem and Scout had no idea. Atticus probably wanted to lose that behavior and show his kids that is wrong.

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Uncle Jack played a huge role in this chapter. Scout was taught many new ways and things in this chapter. First of all, I like how Atticus has taught Scout not to say the n-word, and to not fight someone who says bad things about him, no matter how upset it makes Scout. Scout fight for what she thinks is right, and she is experimenting with swearing, but with Uncle Jack it doesn't just fly by. Uncle Jack is a very good role model, but has a lot to learn. Scout teaches him, and Uncle Jack teaches her too. I really like Uncle Jack, he is a very good person and teacher for Scout.

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Jem was a very protective and smart brother in this chapter. He was smart about making the snowman, and he protected Scoyt from the fire and told her not to worry, and kept her warm. Jem has his times where he can be rude and rough, but really he loves Scout and is a great brother. The whole concept of Boo Radley is a little creepy in a way, that he put a blanket around Scout and she didn't even notice. Boo Radley must be a very kind man, but he is very mysterious. Along with miss Maudie, finding the silver linings of her house burning down.

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The fact that someone left Jem's pants sewed and folded waiting for him is very suspicious and creepy at the same time. What is also changing the story is that the tree hole was filled with cement. There are so many mysteries with each chapter, especially this one. I wonder if Atticus is doing all of these things for Jem secretly, or if it really was one of the Radley's that folded Jem's pants. But why would Mr. Radley fill that hole that Jem and Scout kept finding things left for them in?

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Jem was very daring in this chapter. What was especially repetitive in this chapter was how Jem kept calling scout a “girl” which very much annoys scout and makes her think, what can she do to not be a girl? Or is there something wrong with the being a girl that makes them not want to play with her? There shouldn’t be any definition of a girl, she should be whatever a girl wants to be. Hopefully Jem learns that in this book.

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I like how Miss Maudie is kind of a mother/grandmother figure to Scout, and how they both. teach eachother different things. I also like how Scout can always rely on her to talk when Dill and Jem don't want to play with her. Scout learns more with each chapter, and I think that with each character that comes along is a new trait in Scout.

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One of the things I was very curious about during this chapter was how the Radley's actually look from another point of view. From Scout's and Jem's and Dill's point of view, they are scary, and the way they think of Boo Radley is terrifying. Saying he "eats cats" or "drinks blood" but what I'm thinking is that this is all imagination, which makes sense because little kids have huge imaginations. I also think Jem and Scout can love eachother so much but also hate each other. Jem is mean for a reason because he needs to protect Scout, which is very brotherly of him, but Scout doesn't really understand his reasons. Every chapter is more learning and growing and mistakes for Scout.

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Bad Behaviour in the white Maycomb social system

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Bad Behaviour in the white Maycomb social system

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- fighting
- stealing
- gambling
- drinking
- dancing
- sexual activity
- relationships with non-white people

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pg. 149 "There was indeed a Caste system in Maycomb..."
Social systems are formed based on ideology (belief system) and fear sets in when we consider losing that.

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In this chapter, I discovered a lot more about Scout's teacher and Calpurnia, as well as Atticus.  Calpurnia seems to be a maid for Scouts family, and Scout doesn't realize that Calpurnia really cares for her. Calpurnia has a lot of good things to say and she wants to teach Scout. Scout is starting to realize how much she cares for her and every chapter Scout learns more from. her mistakes.

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In this chapter, Scout went to school for the first time and she's in 1st grade.  Something very cool about Scout is that she is smart in her own ways. She stands up for what is right, like when she was trying to explain to her teacher why Walter didn't have any lunch to eat. She is curious in so many ways. She is very intelligent for her age, she already knows how to read and write, however her teacher Miss Caroline doesn't like how she is so above everyone else so she whips her hands. "Miss Caroline stood shock still, then grabbed me by the collar and hauled me back to her desk. 'Jean Louise, I've had about enough of you this morning, ' she said. 'You're starting off the wrong foot in every way, my dear.'" Page 24. Scout is very clever and I think that is what her teacher doesn't like about her.

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After reading the first chapter of 'To Kill a Mockingbird" I am already interested. Being in the point of view of a little 6 year old girl's perspective is fascinating. The way Scout sees the world and is learning everyday is what is so intriguing. The way her, Jem and Dill look at Boo Radley makes him seem so scary and very villainous, so I am predicting maybe he will end up being nicer than the kids imagined, and maybe form a bond with the kids. I like how Jem is very protective of Scout, and knows he can't take dangerous risks because he has to take care of her as an older brother. I also like how the all three of them have such big imaginations and tell stories. I am excited to learn more about these characters and learn with them.

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Social Stratification Crash Course Response

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Social Stratification Crash Course Response

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The ideas presented in this video were very interesting. In a class when I learn about old hierarchies in history like feudalism, I usually never think about our hierarchy today in the US. It has never really popped up in my head. This video was very interesting because i learned some new things I hadn't known before. In many old hierarchies and pyramids, the rank you have is the rank you usually stay at, however I never thought of how in America with hard work and perseverance you can pull yourself up from bottom to top. I also always heard the term "American Dream" and never knew what it actually was, but the dream is to pull yourself up on top of the pyramid. This video gave me a new perspective and it was very interesting.

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Crawfords (spread rumors)
Merriweather (3rd born is morbid)
Delafields (Lie)
Bufords ( walk like that  - dissabilities)
Ewells - Buris (live like animals, separate from other white people, bend the laws, only go to 1st day of school)
Cunninghams - Walter (don't take money when in need, hired Atticus but payed with food, no money)
Radleys - Mr. and Mrs. Radley, Boo, Arthur, Nathan (stay out of town affairs, Arthur got on "bad" side of the law so dad keeps inside, now the town says he is like a monster/ghost (poison nuts, eats cats, bloody hands)
Haverfords (stubborn "jackasses", prideful)
Something they all have in common:  They are all white.

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"the advantages that you start with have an incredibly powerful impact on where you can end up" crash course video

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"Because a meritocratic class system is suppose to be open, it's easy to ignore the structural factors" crash course video

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"In an open class based system, of stratification, it's easy to believe that anyone who's not upwardly mobile deserves their poverty" crash course video

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The American Dream is that anyone, no matter how poor can "pull themselves up by their bootstraps" or anyone, regardless of where they were born or what class they were born into, can attain their own version of success in a society in which upward mobility is possible for everyone

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"the American system has elements of a meritocracy, a system in which social mobility is based on personal merit and individual talents. the idea of meritocracy is as much a justification for inequality as it is an actual principle of stratification" crash course video

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"a society's cultural beliefs tell us how to categorize people, and they also define the inequalities of a stratification system, as being normal, even fair." crash course video

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"through hard work and perseverance, to move up the social hierarchy to achieve a higher class standing." crash course video

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"race has also been used as the main distinction in closed social systems. Ex: apartheid, jim crow laws, slavery" crash course video

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"if people didn't believe that the social system worked, it wouldn't last. Beliefs are what make social stratification work." crash course video

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"social mobility isn't just a matter of individual achievement; there are structural factors, too." crash course video