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The majority of crimes in this period were non-violent with theft being the predominant crime in society.
Crime has always been divided firmly between serious crimes (like murder) and petty crimes (such as stealing).

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Crime of plotting against your monarch or country - included wives killing husbands and counterfeiting coins.
This is important because the monarchy realised they were under threat and it was publicly known.

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Groups of people ambushing travellers, robbing houses, threatening to burn villages if valuables weren't surrendered. They were often outlaws, as they would flee locations after being accused of committing crimes. In other words, they were always on the run

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People wandering between areas in search of employment
This is important because as places with work were becoming highly overcrowded. This increases crime and disease.

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Using offensive or abusive speech in public - after 1350, became a crime applied mainly to women.

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England was very much a hardcore Catholic country. Spreading beliefs against those specified by the church were a crime.

This is important because the government had identified that religion was a way to control the masses, and people who went against religious beliefs were ostracised by society but also it was recognised as a crime, further persecuting religious minorities.

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Hint hint - This is the most important section in terms of changes to crime.

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Definition has not changed. This time, vagrancy increased massively due to failed harvest and a decrease in demand for cloth. People living in poverty were left with no choice but to become vagrants. Vagrancy was sensationalised as a threat by the printed press and vagrants were accused of committing thefts, assaults and murders, but in reality, only a few were criminals. Most travelled alone or as very small group desperate to find employment.

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Vagrancy is a bit of change and continuity. Continuity in the sense that its actual definition has not changed, but change as it has massively increased both in numbers and in relevancy in society.

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As a result of growing Puritanism, moral crimes like scolding and not attending church were increasingly considered to be more than a petty offence.

This is important because it was among the first laws that were created against people who abstained from religion, and set an important precendent for the future.

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Moral crime is again a bit of both.
Continuity - it is a bit similar to heresy and immoral behaviours/beliefs. They are both frowned upon legally and are not massive crimes (like murder and treason)
Change - Puritanism was the new driving factor, and it largely made the previous laws much harsher - thanks Oliver!

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As a result of people like Mathew Hopkins - Witchfinder General - people who had bad luck were being convinced of the devil giving powers to witches through familiars (small animals that fed on the witch's blood). Witches were usually unmarried/ widowed elderly women.

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Now this is total change. In the medieval period, there were a few cases of witchcraft but in the 16th/17th centuries, cases sky-rocketed and tough laws against it were introduced. Some factors behind this rise include the Civil War, our best friend Mathew, and James VI's book on witches (Daemonologie).

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As a result of high import tariffs, smugglers secretly brought goods across the English Channel by boat and would bring them ashore using landers. Smugglers included rich people who disliked the high tax rates and poor people desperate for employment (and money).

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Smuggling is 100% change. It was fuelled by the beginning of the Industrial Revolution and high tariffs. Fun fact: in the 18th century, only 42% of British Tea had import duties paid (i.e. wasn't smuggled).

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Between Units, more infrastructure was built and travel massively increased. The wealthy were targeted by a group of thieves known as highwaymen to steal their money and jewellery. The rich carried these with them as banks did not exist yet. At the time, highwaymen were portrayed as gentlemen thieves (like Dick Turpin) but in reality were hardened thugs.

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This is an example of change, as highwaymen massively increased in number in the early 18th century. This ties in with rising urbanisation and new, better infrastructure being constructed.

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Why have some of the crimes that are important in this Unit placed in the last one. Well, Industrial Britain largely saw the continuation of all crimes from the last unit. They all began to decline at various timepoints as new law enforcement and punishment techniques were introduced (but I'm sure the other groups can talk about this).

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They were still the most common type of crime in this period. However, they were caused by different factors. Most petty crime can be traced back to crowded houses and poor working conditions in newly-constructed factories.

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The Industrial Revolution led to a massive increase in population, growth of trade and therefore an increase in crime. Moreover, with the end of the Napoleonic Wars, soldiers returned after battle with more expensive costs - directly resulting in an increase in crimes.

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In places like Whitechapel, overcrowded dosshouses and highly-densely population alleyways led to an increased in opportunistic (unplanned) crimes taking place.

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Still the most common crime for women. Noticeably captured in history by the Jack the Ripper murders.

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This includes things like drink driving (limits imposed in 1967), wearing seat belts (1983 mandatory) and violating speed limits (Captured by speed cameras in 1992). Essentially, as cars became more advanced and modern, more limits were needed to be introduced to keep people safe.

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Car crimes are an example of change, as cars were now becoming the most popular mean of transport in Britain, and therefore, governments needed to adapt around them.

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Cars were used in crime by criminals as getaway vehicles, as police cars and by accomplices in crimes, as so new laws were required to regulate these changes

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Became a new category of offence in 1998 and 2003. It gave protection to victims of crimes based on their race, gender, religion or disability.
Key acts include the Race Relations Act of 1965, 1968 and 1976.

Many of these acts were inspired by the Civil Rights Movement in the USA and the worldwide outcry which it caused, and this is important because it was another step towards equality in the UK.

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Hate crimes are an example of continuity because Jewish people have always been victims of hate crime in Whitechapel. The Anglo Saxons were victims of hate crime from the Normans

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With greater trade and more awareness of the risks of drugs, the government was compelled to restrict the availability of drugs on the street - with the introduction of the 1971 Misuse of Drugs Act. In 1985, being found guilty of supplying drugs results in a 14 year sentence.

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This is an example of continuity because people are still able to still get hold of drugs, and also due to the fact that smuggling still takes place increases the chances of illegal drugs being brought into the country

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Like with the other things, as internet access was more widespread and then more popular, new types of crime formed. Illegal downloading, phishing (tricking people into divulging personal details) and cyber criminals who hack into businesses.
2015-cyber crime introduced in britains national crime statsp[

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This is an example of change as there has been an increase in the use of technology. This has led to an increase in cyber crime due to the increased levels of connectivity and reliance on technology