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In chemistry, a binary compound is something consisting of precisely two elements.

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Formula and name: NaCl: Sodium Chloride 

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Formula and name: NaCl: Sodium Chloride 

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Common name: table salt.

Usage: Sodium chloride (NaCl), also known as salt, is an essential compound our body uses to:

1.       absorb and transport nutrients

2.       maintain blood pressure

3.       maintain the right balance of fluid

4.       transmit nerve signals

5.       contract and relax muscles

6.       Used in seasoning for cooking; also used as a preservative.

·  Physical properties: Sodium chloride is a white crystalline solid with a density of 2.16 g/mL, and a melting point of 801 °C. It is also available as aqueous solutions of different concentrations, called saline solutions.

·  Chemical properties: Sodium chloride is readily soluble in water and other polar solvents. It is a stable solid. It only decomposes at high temperatures to give toxic fumes of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and disodium oxide (Na2O).

The human body needs salt to function, but too little or too much salt can be harmful to health. Swallowing high concentrations of it can cause vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, and dehydration. It can also irritate the eyes and cause eye damage at high concentrations.

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A polyatomic ion, also known as a molecular ion, is a covalently bonded set of two or more atoms, or of a metal complex.

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Formula and name: NaHCO3; sodium  bicarbonate

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Formula and name: NaHCO3; sodium  bicarbonate

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Common name: baking soda.

Usage:

1.       Used for baking for cooking, releases CO2 in reaction with other ingredients.

2.       It is used as pest control to kill cockroaches and controlling fungal growth

3.       It is used as a disinfectant

4.       It is used to protect armpits from bad smell and irritation

5.       It is used in cooking especially to bake food items

6.       It is used in medicine to be injected intravenously to the prevention of chemotherapy side effects

7.       It is used to wash kitchen products due to its antibacterial properties

8.       It is used to have clean teeth and mouth.

Physical properties: Sodium bicarbonate appears as odorless white crystalline powder or lumps.

Chemical properties: Decomposes at 228° F, Solubility; 1 in 10 % at 77° F, Soluble in water. Insoluble in ethanol, density: 2.159, Stable under recommended storage conditions. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke, fumes, and carbon dioxide, pH; Between 8,0 and 8,6 (1 % solution).

In too large a dose, baking soda is also poisonous. This is due to the powder’s high sodium content. When someone takes too much sodium bicarbonate, the body tries to correct the balance of salt by drawing water into the digestive system. This causes diarrhea and vomiting.

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An oxyacid is an acid that contains an oxygen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom and at least one other element. An oxyacid dissociates in water to form the H+ cation and the anion of the acid. An oxyacid has the general structure X-O-H.

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Common name: oil of vitriol.

Usage:

1.       Fertilizers: Manufacture of ammonium sulfate and aluminum sulfate.

2.       Cleaning: removing oxidation, rust, and scaling from rolled sheets and billets.

3.       Chemical manufacture: Manufacture of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, and many other industrial chemicals.

4.       Manufacture of explosives: Component.

Physical properties: H2SO4 is a colorless or slightly yellow viscous liquid with a pungent odor. It has a density of 1.84 g/mL, a boiling point of 337 °C, and a melting point of 10 °C. "Concentrated" sulfuric acid is 98% in water, and is the most stable form. Many other concentrations, with different names, are available for various purposes. Battery acid is 29–32%, chamber acid is 62-70%, and tower acid is 78-80%.

Chemical properties: Sulfuric acid is a very strong, diprotic acid. It is hygroscopic and readily absorbs moisture from the air. It is a powerful oxidizing agent and reacts with many metals at high temperatures. Concentrated H2SO4 is also a strong dehydrating agent. The addition of water to concentrated sulfuric acid is a very exothermic reaction and can lead to explosions.

Corrosive to all body tissues. Inhalation of vapor may cause serious lung damage. Contact with the eyes may result in total loss of vision. Skin contact may produce severe necrosis. The fatal amount for adults: between 1 teaspoonful and one-half ounce of the concentrated chemical. Even a few drops may be fatal if the acid gains access to the trachea. Chronic exposure may cause tracheobronchitis, stomatitis, conjunctivitis, and gastritis. Gastric perforation and peritonitis may occur and may be followed by circulatory collapse. Circulatory shock is often the immediate cause of death.