# data[].attributes.headline
'On Being Included' by Sara Ahmed (2012)

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'On Being Included' by Sara Ahmed (2012)

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- Corin de Freitas and Alex Pysklywec, Society and Space: Environment and Planning D

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- Lauren Miller Griffith, Anthropology and Education Quarterly

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- Erin Frost, Theorizing Feminist Apparency blog

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- Anitta Kynsilehto, International Feminist Journal of Politics

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- Davina Cooper, British Journal of Educational Studies

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- Karim Murji, Ethnic and Racial Studies

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- Juliane Collard and Carolyn Prouse, Gender, Place, and Culture

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- Anoop Nayak, British Journal of Sociology of Education

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- Joe Corrigan, Alberta Journal of Educational Research

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- Stephen Okey, Wabash Center for Teaching and Learning in Theology and Religon

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
-Corin de Freitas and Alex Pysklywec, Society and Space: Environment and Planning D

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
-Lauren Miller Griffith, Anthropology and Education Quarterly

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
-Erin Frost, Theorizing Feminist Apparency blog

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
-Anitta Kynsilehto, International Feminist Journal of Politics

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
-Davina Cooper, British Journal of Educational Studies

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
-Juliane Collard and Carolyn Prouse, Gender, Place, and Culture

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
-Anoop Nayak, British Journal of Sociology of Education

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
-Joe Corrigan, Alberta Journal of Educational Research

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
-Stephen Okey, Wabash Center for Teaching and Learning in Theology and Religon

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'A phenomenology of whiteness' by Sara Ahmed (2007)

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'A phenomenology of whiteness' by Sara Ahmed (2007)

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The paper suggests that we can usefully approach whiteness through the lens of phenomenology. Whiteness could be described as an ongoing and unfinished history, which orientates bodies in specific directions, affecting how they `take up' space, and what they `can do'. The paper considers how whiteness functions as a habit, even a bad habit, which becomes a background to social action. The paper draws on experiences of inhabiting a white world as a non-white body, and explores how whiteness becomes worldly through the noticeability of the arrival of some bodies more than others. A phenomenology of whiteness helps us to notice institutional habits; it brings what is behind to the surface in a certain way.

Ahmed, Sara (2004b) `Declarations of Whiteness: The Non-Performativity of Anti-Racism', borderlands 3(2) [ http://www.borderlandsejournal.adelaide.edu.au/vol3no2_2004/ahmed_declarations].
Google Scholar

Ahmed, Sara (2007b) `"You End up Doing the Document Rather than Doing the Doing": Race Equality, Diversity and the Politics of Documentation ', Ethnic and Racial Studies 30(4): 590-609.
Google Scholar

Hage, Ghassan (1998) White Nation: Fantasies of White Supremacy in a Multicultural Society. Annandale, PA: Pluto Press.
Google Scholar

Young, Iris Marion (2005) The Female Body Experience. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Google Scholar

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A phenomenology of whiteness - Sara Ahmed, 2007

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The paper suggests that we can usefully approach whiteness through the lens of phenomenology. Whiteness could be described as an ongoing and unfinished history, which orientates bodies in specific directions, affecting how they `take up' space, and what they `can do'.

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Tweets by amandarprescott

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Tweets by bookhoarding

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'Space Invaders: Race, Gender and Bodies Out of Place' by Nirmal Puwar (2004)

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'Space Invaders: Race, Gender and Bodies Out of Place' by Nirmal Puwar (2004)

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Women and minorities are increasingly entering fields where white male power is firmly entrenched. The spaces they come to occupy are not empty or neutral, but are imbued with history and meaning. This groundbreaking book interrogates the pernicious, subtle but nonetheless widely held view that certain bodies are naturally entitled to certain spaces, while others are not. How are positions of authority racialized and gendered? How do people manage their femininity and/or blackness while in a predominantly white male context? How do spaces become naturalized or normalized, and what does it mean when they are disrupted? Engaging with a range of material from a variety of institutions, Space Invaders is a timely contribution to wide-reaching debates on race, gender and space. It is the first book to articulate the full complexity of diversity in organizations.

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Space Invaders: Race, Gender and Bodies Out of Place

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Women and minorities are increasingly entering fields where white male power is firmly entrenched. The spaces they come to occupy are not empty or neutral, but are imbued with history and meaning. This groundbreaking book interrogates the pernicious, subtle but nonetheless widely held view that certain bodies are naturally entitled to certain spaces, while others are not.

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'Decolonise, not Diversify' by Kavita Bhanot (2015)

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'Decolonise, not Diversify' by Kavita Bhanot (2015)

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by Kavita Bhanot

Since the recent failure of World Book Night to include any writers of colour in its 2015 list, there has been a fresh bout of conversation about the need for more 'diversity' in the literature that is published and awarded in Britain, as well as amongst those working in publishing.

Alongside a series of Guardian articles, there has been a call for contributions to Nikesh Shukla's crowd-funded anthology on race and immigration (in itself a great idea); writers of colour have been invited to come forward, to contact Shukla. #diversedecember, a twitter initiative set up by bloggers Naomi Frisby and Dan Lipscombe, has been encouraging people to 'read with diversity' and share the 'diverse' books that they are reading. Many organisations and individuals, readers and writers, are joining in to help bring more 'diversity' to publishing.

To whom is all this directed? Who should read more 'diverse' literature? For whom is literature written by minority writers 'diverse'? For whom are minority writers 'diverse'? Can I describe myself as 'diverse' - do I exist in that space called 'diversity'?

The concept of diversity only exists if there is an assumed neutral point from which 'others' are 'diverse.' Putting aside for now the straight, male, middle-classness of that 'neutral' space, its dominant aspect is whiteness. Constructed by a white establishment, the idea of 'diversity' is neo-liberal speak. It is the new corporatized version of multiculturalism. It is about management, efficiency, box-ticking. As writers of colour, we parrot this idea back, reminding white institutions that they need to increase their diversity; appealing to them to let us in, to give some of us a seat at the table too. To help convince them, institutions are reminded that 'diversity' is actually good for them too, that it will help them to make more money. Danuta Keane writes, in the ' Writing the Future' report on the need for improved cultural/ethnic diversity in literature: 'this isn't about making the industry feel good. Monocultures are bad for business....within 20 years the UK BAME population will be 25%. If books don't reflect that, they will become increasingly irrelevant and unprofitable.' Similarly, Shukla writes in a Guardian article: 'I wouldn't be wasting my time if I didn't feel there was a potential financial reward for investing in BAME writers.' Meanwhile, a tweet on #diversedecember tells us, through a posted article, that 'just being around people of different ethnicities may literally make you smarter.'

Although the lack of interest in our work on the part of white publishers is a very real problem, when we respond to and celebrate 'diversity', we don't deeply challenge a white system. We only appeal to it, try to fit ourselves into it, make ourselves attractive to it to, trying to sell our 'diversity'. We go to workshops that tell us how, as BAME writers, we can brand ourselves better, package ourselves, make ourselves more marketable; to get funding, to find a publisher, to sell books. And in this way, we define ourselves through this system, softening ourselves, performing our identities and ethnicities for it. Perhaps there's little choice when you're entering the mainstream space as an isolated individual, as a writer or an editor; it's the only way to get in and survive. We don't talk about racism, just 'lack of diversity'. As Ellen Berry says in the recent article, ' Diversity is for white people: The big lie behind a well-intended word', 'Diversity is how we talk about race when we can't talk about race. It has become a stand-in when open discussion of race is too controversial or - let's be frank - when white people find the topic of race uncomfortable. Diversity seems polite, positive, hopeful.'

And it's just this non-threatening positivity, hopefulness and cheery celebration that we've seen in this new phase of 'diversity in literature' campaigning, co-curated by the Guardian, drawing on data and recommendations by the recent 'Spread the Word' report. '#diversedecember is a celebration of books by BAME writers. For December 2015, read with diversity and spread the joy of stories' is the message on the twitter page for this worthy cause. 'Diverse December lifts the Christmas spirits,' writes Jackie Kay in the double-page article in Guardian Review, ' How do we stop UK publishing being so posh and white? ' Meanwhile, the extraordinary success of Nikesh Shukla's crowd-funded anthology of essays about race and immigration has left him feeling 'a mixture of relief and vindication that there is such a fierce appetite for BAME voices out there.'

Such diversity campaigns make it all look so easy. Through one concrete action, or perhaps a list of actions, everyone can help to sort out the problem. You can recommend your favourite 'diverse' book on #diversedecember. Feeling virtuous, you can read a 'diverse' book this month; a bit like medicine, reading a diverse book is good for you, it opens up your mind, teaches you about another culture/country. 'Today, we'd really like to receive recommendations of books by Muslim authors, please!' #diversedecember tweeted on the 9th December. 'Also don't neglect your genre fiction in #diversedecember - crime novels especially are an amazing way of reading about non-Western life,' says one retweet.

Or you can contribute money to the proposed collection of essays on 'race and immigration' (avoiding the word 'racism'). 'I think this will be an important, timely read. Help fund The Good Immigrant (I've donated at link below)' tweets JK Rowling. (How can race, racism or immigration be timely, you wonder, 'flavour of the month'?)

Rowling, after a generous contribution, is now patron of Shukla's anthology. Her name will grace the front cover of the book. Nobody questions the fact that a book on 'race and immigration' has also now become about Rowling as celebrity white saviour. 'JK Rowling inspires surge to fund book on race and immigration in three days,' the Guardian article, carrying her photograph, tells us. This is the same writer who was recently criticised in two excellent letters by Mia Oudeh (a fan of the Harry Potter series), for signing the 'Culture for Coexistence' letter, supporting Israeli-Palestinian dialogue and opposition to the BDS movement. According to Rowling, 'boycotts singling out Israel are divisive and discriminatory'.

Like accusations of reverse racism or casteism, there is not only naïvete, but also violence in erasing historical and continuing oppressions and power hierarchies, labelling the oppressed who seek to redress, 'divisive' and 'discriminatory'. It is the same conciliatory, ahistorical approach that can ground these diversity in literature campaigns. There is a sense that everyone only needs to come together, make a bit of an effort with a few simple acts. Diversity is about forgetting the past, and celebrating a multi-coloured present. Diversity initiatives often involve a Benetton style ad of 'diverse looking' people's faces, and we see such an image adorning the cover of the Guardian Review which contains the aforementioned article, 'How do we stop UK publishing being so posh and white?'

In this article, various writers, publishers, organisers of festivals have listed the things that they have done or pledge to do to improve the situation. Jackie Kay tells us that Carol Ann Duffy has offered to give up her place on the list of books for World Book Night for a 'diverse' writer. Nick Barley, Director of the Edinburgh International Book Festival pledges that he will, among other things, 'buy another copy of The Fishermen by Chigozie Obioma and give it to someone as a Christmas present'; 'try to persuade Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie to visit the UK with a group of emerging African writers'; 'invite Jackie Kay to talk to Syrian refugees in Scotland and share their stories at the book festival" and 'ask Kamila Shamsie and Mohammed Hanif to recommend Pakistani writers not yet known here, and invite them to Edinburgh'. Meanwhile Simon Prosser of Hamish Hamilton writes in the same article, 'luckily, there are partners we can work with. The Caine prize for African writing, the Muslim writers awards and the DSC prize for south Asian literature, for example, do a great job in showcasing diverse writers, as do magazines such as Wasafiri and SABLE LitMag'.

We see here one of the problems with quick-fixes to the 'diversity' problem: they usually involve reaching out for the handful of well-known names, writers, organisations that immediately come to mind, promoting them or asking them for advice and recommendations (although there have been some new and lesser known writers recommended and highlighted on #diversedecember). Not to undermine the good work that some of these magazines and prizes do, but this approach ensures that literature remains in the same circles of power, within one class and caste. Such tokenism also means that it is often the writers of colour who are most visible, who work the hardest to turn themselves into shiny friendly packages, who are most acceptable and amenable, that are reached for. These includes international writers who are westernised, cosmopolitan, upper class and upper caste, or British writers whose ideologies and world views, articulated through their fiction and non-fiction, most resemble that of white Britain, right wing or left-liberal. My research, which has included close readings of contemporary published British Asian literature, has shown that the writers who overtly spout the kind of racism that it is no longer 'politically correct' for a white public figure to articulate, are often the most visible and celebrated. The racism in the books and articles by these writers is acceptable, since they are of South Asian origin, and it is invisible because it is normalised in British society. It is perhaps inevitable that writers who are a product of British society, education, literature, media, will internalise and reproduce white supremacy. The literature they write is directed towards white readers; it is about Britishness, about assimilation, about becoming a British citizen. Their representations of 'difference' often feed racism and stereotypes, with their focus primarily on the 'reverse racism' of their families and communities.

It is perhaps not an accident that these writers are so often given a voice and platform. Diversity boxes are ticked, without really shaking things up too much. Even within this double-page spread Guardian article, two or three of the writers, doing okay themselves, undermine the claimed intention of the piece by writing that they don't really see that there is too much of a problem. Sarfraz Manzoor 'would be wary of an excessive focus on race and religion', while Akhil Sharma feels that he has actually "'benefited from being an ethnic writer ... Because I am writing about things that are not well known, and I am writing about a community that people are curious about, I have received a great deal of attention ... my complaining would feel churlish since I have benefited so much from being a minority'.

Who are the 'people' who are curious about the community that Sharma is writing about, allowing him to 'benefit' from his ethnicity? Certainly not the community he is writing about. It is clear in what Sharma says, who his work is directed towards, who he writes for. 'People' here equals white people. So much of our writing consciously or unconsciously reproduces this assumption, and subtly reveals internalised white supremacy. There was an uproar when Marlon James talked about the pressure on writers to pander to white women, but such pressures, on the part of agents and editors, are real. Although it is not necessarily a conscious, cynical pandering, we often unconsciously direct our work towards the white reader, privileging the white reader, since that is the normative perspective. We will continue to do this unless we consciously interrogate ourselves, unless we read each others work and our own critically, to 'see' white supremacy (along with upper class and caste, male, heterosexual supremacy) in what has come before and what continues to be produced. In order to write differently. This will certainly not happen in university creative writing courses, mentoring schemes, through mainstream editors or discussions at literature festivals, where white literature is held up as the 'real' literature that we all need to aspire towards.

Adopting a phrase that is being used by radical anti-racist campaigns and movements growing and connecting across the world today, as writers and editors we need to 'decolonise, not diversify', and that is what we need to demand of publishers, creative writing courses, and mentoring schemes too. Decolonisation does not airbrush colonial history, decolonisation takes continuing white supremacy head-on. And if publishers or organisers of literature festivals are not interested in literature that comes from this place, that doesn't privilege the white reader, we need to use models such as Shukla's crowd-funded book, to produce our own literature. We need to organise our own festivals. There are writers, publishers and organisations that have been and continue, despite all odds, doing this.

But to focus only on numbers, as the 'Writing the Future' report does, to talk only about the need for a greater 'diversity' of writers in terms of background, is a limited and misleading approach. The real problem is not simply a monoculture but a mono-ideology, a mono-perspective. I'm sorry to spoil the party, but this is not a problem that was going to be solved this December or even, now that #diversitydecember has become #ReadDiverse2016.
All work published on Media Diversified is the intellectual property of its writers. Please do not reproduce, republish or repost any content from this site without express written permission from Media Diversified. For further information, please see our reposting guidelines This article is part of our You can find out more and support Bare Lit Festival 2016, giving authors and poets of colour the platform and visibility they deserve here Did you enjoy reading this article? Help us continue to provide more! Media Diversified is 100% reader-funded -you can subscribe for as little as £5 per month academic experimental space for long form writing. A space for provocative and engaging writing from any academic discipline. .
Kavita Bhanot grew up in London, lived for many years in Birmingham, then moved to India, where she directed an international literature festival, worked as an editor for India's first literary agency and set up and ran a guest house in Himachal Pradesh. Having spent some years in Manchester (she recently completed a PhD at Manchester University, in Creative Writing and Literature) she now lives between UK and India. Her short stories and non-fiction have been published in anthologies, magazines and journals, two of her stories have been broadcast on BBC Radio 4, and she is the editor of the short story collection Too Asian, Not Asian Enough (Tindal Street Press, 2011). She is a reader with The Literary Consultancy. Kavita has, over the last fifteen years, been working with writers in the UK and South Asia, as mentor and editor, as well as through organising events, workshops, reading/writing groups and conferences around the politics of reading, writing and representation. Her focus, through these events, through academic research, through social media, and in her fiction and non-fiction, has particularly been on punjabiyat, ideology and white, upper class/caste and male supremacy in 'British Asian' literature.

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by Kavita Bhanot Since the recent failure of World Book Night to include any writers of colour in its 2015 list, there has been a fresh bout of conversation about the need for more 'diversity' in the literature that is published and awarded in Britain, as well as amongst those working in publishing.

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'Critical Whiteness Studies' by Anoop Nayak (2007)

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'Critical Whiteness Studies' by Anoop Nayak (2007)

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Critical Whiteness Studies | Anoop Nayak | download | BookSC. Download books for free. Find books

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'Disusted subjects: the making of middle-class identities' by Stephanie Lawler (2005)

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'Disusted subjects: the making of middle-class identities' by Stephanie Lawler (2005)

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Disgusted subjects: the making of middle-class identities

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Disgusted subjects: the making of middle-class identities | Stephanie Lawler | download | BookSC. Download books for free. Find books

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Available: Amazon (Rent)

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Musical adaptation of Charles Dickens’ Oliver Twist, a classic tale of an orphan who runs away from the workhouse and joins up with a group of boys headed by the Artful Dodger and trained to be pickpockets by master thief Fagin.

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Full series available on BritBox

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An epic gangster drama set in the lawless streets of 1920s Birmingham.

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Charlotte Heywood moves to the sleepy seaside village of Sanditon. Catch up on the ITV Hub - the home of ITV on demand.

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'Good White People: The Problem with Middle-Class White Anti-Racism' by Shannon Sullivan (2014)

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'Good White People: The Problem with Middle-Class White Anti-Racism' by Shannon Sullivan (2014)

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Good White People: The Problem with Middle-Class White Anti-Racism | Sullivan, Shannon | download

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Good White People: The Problem with Middle-Class White Anti-Racism | Sullivan, Shannon | download | Z-Library. Download books for free. Find books

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'Odd Tribes: Toward a Cultural Analysis of White People' by John Hartigan Jr (2005)

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'Odd Tribes: Toward a Cultural Analysis of White People' by John Hartigan Jr (2005)

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Odd Tribes challenges theories of whiteness and critical race studies by examining the tangles of privilege, debasement, power, and stigma that constitute white identity. Considering the relation of phantasmatic cultural forms such as the racial stereotype "white trash" to the actual social conditions of poor whites, John Hartigan Jr. generates new insights into the ways that race, class, and gender are fundamentally interconnected. By tracing the historical interplay of stereotypes, popular cultural representations, and the social sciences' objectifications of poverty, Hartigan demonstrates how constructions of whiteness continually depend on the vigilant maintenance of class and gender decorums.

Odd Tribes engages debates in history, anthropology, sociology, and cultural studies over how race matters. Hartigan tracks the spread of "white trash" from an epithet used only in the South prior to the Civil War to one invoked throughout the country by the early twentieth century. He also recounts how the cultural figure of "white trash" influenced academic and popular writings on the urban poor from the 1880s through the 1990s. Hartigan's critical reading of the historical uses of degrading images of poor whites to ratify lines of color in this country culminates in an analysis of how contemporary performers such as Eminem and Roseanne Barr challenge stereotypical representations of "white trash" by claiming the identity as their own. Odd Tribes presents a compelling vision of what cultural studies can be when diverse research methodologies and conceptual frameworks are brought to bear on pressing social issues.

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Odd Tribes: Toward a Cultural Analysis of White People

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Odd Tribes challenges theories of whiteness and critical race studies by examining the tangles of privilege, debasement, power, and stigma that constitute white identity. Considering the relation of phantasmatic cultural forms such as the racial stereotype "white trash" to the actual social conditions of poor whites, John Hartigan Jr.

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'White Fragility' by Robin DiAngelo (2018)

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'White Fragility' by Robin DiAngelo (2018)

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Groundbreaking book exploring the counterproductive reactions white people have when discussing racism that serve to protect their positions and maintain racial inequality

In this groundbreaking and timely book, antiracist educator Robin DiAngelo deftly illuminates the phenomenon of white fragility. Referring to the defensive moves that white people make when challenged racially, white fragility is characterized by emotions such as anger, fear, and guilt, and by behaviors including argumentation and silence. These behaviors, in turn, function to reinstate white racial equilibrium and prevent any meaningful cross-racial dialogue. In this in-depth exploration, DiAngelo explores how white fragility develops, how it protects racial inequality, and what we can do to engage more constructively.

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White Fragility: Why It's So Hard for White People to Talk About Racism

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Groundbreaking book exploring the counterproductive reactions white people have when discussing racism that serve to protect their positions and maintain racial inequality In this groundbreaking and timely book, antiracist educator Robin DiAngelo deftly illuminates the phenomenon of white fragility.

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'Other kinds of dreams' by Julia Sudbury (1998)

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'Other kinds of dreams' by Julia Sudbury (1998)

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'Other Kinds of Dreams' provides an invaluable insight into the political activity of black and Asian women in the UK both inside and outside the black and Asian communities. The book breaks new ground by: * destroying the misconception that black and Asian women lack political involvement * integrating gender into the study of black and Asian political participation in Britain* exploring the potential for alliances between black women and the new progressive 'black man's movement'* examining black women activists' perception and experiences of white feminism. 'Other Kinds of Dreams also questions the homogeneity of the term 'black' and asks whether increasing social stratification within black communities undermines this unity.

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'Other Kinds of Dreams': Black Women's Organizations and the Politics of Transformation (Gender, Racism, Ethnicity)

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'Other Kinds of Dreams' provides an invaluable insight into the political activity of black and Asian women in the UK both inside and outside the black and Asian communities.

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'Contesting Post-Racialism: Conflicted Churches in the United States and South Africa' edited by Drew Smith and colleagues (2015)

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'Contesting Post-Racialism: Conflicted Churches in the United States and South Africa' edited by Drew Smith and colleagues (2015)

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Users without a subscription are not able to see the full content.

R. Drew Smith, William Ackah, Anthony G. Reddie, and Rothney S. Tshaka

Abstract

This volume engages post-racial ideas in both their limitations and promise, while looking specifically at the extent to which contemporary church responses to race-consciousness and post-racial-consciousness enable churches to advance an accurate public accounting of the social implications of race. Contributors examine Christian institutional and intellectual frameworks within the U.S. and South Africa, focusing mainly on post-movement contexts within the two countries-meaning essentially since 1968 in the U.S. and since 1994 in South Africa. Central to the inquiry is whether churches operat ... More

Bibliographic Information

Print publication date: 2015

Print ISBN-13: 9781628462005

Published to University Press Scholarship Online: May 2016

DOI:10.14325/mississippi/9781628462005.001.0001

Authors

Affiliations are at time of print publication.

R. Drew Smith, editor
Pittsburgh Theological Seminary and University of South Africa

William Ackah, editor
Birkbeck University of London

Anthony G. Reddie, editor
Bristol Baptist College

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
This volume engages post-racial ideas in both their limitations and promise, while looking specifically at the extent to which contemporary church responses to race-consciousness and post-racial-consciousness enable churches to advance an accurate public accounting of the social implications of race. Contributors examine Christian institutional and intellectual frameworks within the U.S.

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'Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl' by Harriet Jacobs (1861/2000)

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'Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl' by Harriet Jacobs (1861/2000)

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A haunting, evocative recounting of her life as a slave in North Carolina, and her final escape and emancipation, Jacobs' narrative, written between 1853 and 1858 and published in 1861, is one of the most important books ever written documenting the traumas and horrors of slavery in the antebellum South.

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Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (Penguin Classics)

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A haunting, evocative recounting of her life as a slave in North Carolina, and her final escape and emancipation, Jacobs' narrative, written between 1853 and 1858 and published in 1861, is one of the most important books ever written documenting the traumas and horrors of slavery in the antebellum South.

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The Duke and I (Bridgerton Series, Book 1)

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The Duke and I (Bridgerton Series, Book 1) | Julia Quinn | download | Z-Library. Download books for free. Find books

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'They Were Her Property: White Women As Slave Owners in the American South' by Stephanie E. Jones-Rogers (2019)

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'They Were Her Property: White Women As Slave Owners in the American South' by Stephanie E. Jones-Rogers (2019)

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A bold and searing investigation into the role of white women in the American slave economy. Bridging women's history, the history of the South, and African American history, this book makes a bold argument about the role of white women in American slavery. Historian Stephanie E. Jones-Rogers draws on a variety of sources to show that slave-owning women were sophisticated economic actors who directly engaged in and benefited from the South's slave market. Because women typically inherited more slaves than land, enslaved people were often their primary source of wealth. Not only did white women often refuse to cede ownership of their slaves to their husbands, they employed management techniques that were as effective and brutal as those used by slave-owning men. White women actively participated in the slave market, profited from it, and used it for economic and social empowerment. By examining the economically entangled lives of enslaved people and slave-owning women, Jones-Rogers presents a narrative that forces us to rethink the economics and social conventions of slaveholding America.

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They Were Her Property: White Women As Slave Owners in the American South

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A bold and searing investigation into the role of white women in the American slave economy. Bridging women's history, the history of the South, and African American history, this book makes a bold argument about the role of white women in American slavery. Historian Stephanie E.

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Crying White Girl/Women (@not_wildin - Tik Tok, 2021)

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Crying White Girl/Women (@not_wildin - Tik Tok, 2021)

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#stitch with @hannahstocking lmao y’all I didn’t even say anything last time and they came and snatched me up

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@notwildlin
#stitch with @hannahstocking lmao y’all I didn’t even say anything last time and they came and snatched me up
♬ original sound - NotWildlin

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Original BBQ Becky Meme Video - The First Viral "Karen"

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amy cooper full video || #central park #amy cooper #christian cooper

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Today I want to talk about the Mandingo stereotype (Black men as the violent and sexual predators of white women), its link to racist and speciesist scientific theories and the novel/film 'King Kong.' 

Thread 👇🏾 (CW: mention of r*pe and violence)

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Today I want to talk about the Mandingo stereotype (Black men as the violent and sexual predators of white women), its link to racist and speciesist scientific theories and the novel/film 'King Kong.' 

Thread 👇🏾 (CW: mention of r*pe and violence) https://t.co/89eeaSIWQu

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Today I want to talk about the Mandingo stereotype (Black men as the violent and sexual predators of white women), its link to racist and speciesist scientific theories and the novel/film 'King Kong.'

Thread 👇🏾 (CW: mention of r*pe and violence) pic.twitter.com/89eeaSIWQu
— Renée Landell (@Nay_Landell) September 7, 2021

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Today I want to talk about the Mandingo stereotype (Black men as the violent and sexual predators of white women), its link to racist and speciesist scientific theories and the novel/film 'King Kong.' 

Thread 👇🏾 (CW: mention of r*pe and violence) https://t.co/89eeaSIWQu

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.metadata.attachment_props.original_text
Today I want to talk about the Mandingo stereotype (Black men as the violent and sexual predators of white women), its link to racist and speciesist scientific theories and the novel/film 'King Kong.' 

Thread 👇🏾 (CW: mention of r*pe and violence) https://t.co/89eeaSIWQu

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.metadata.attachment_props.text
Today I want to talk about the Mandingo stereotype (Black men as the violent and sexual predators of white women), its link to racist and speciesist scientific theories and the novel/film 'King Kong.' 

Thread 👇🏾 (CW: mention of r*pe and violence)

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'Living While Black: The Essential Guide to Overcoming Racial Trauma' by Guilaine Kinouani (2021)

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'Living While Black: The Essential Guide to Overcoming Racial Trauma' by Guilaine Kinouani (2021)

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Completing the CAPTCHA proves you are a human and gives you temporary access to the web property.

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citation can be beautiful; something as mundane as footnotes has the potential to contain footprints 👣, an intellectual imprint, a love letter 💌, a pathway of thinking with and through the words and ideas of others

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citation can be beautiful; something as mundane as footnotes has the potential to contain footprints 👣, an intellectual imprint, a love letter 💌, a pathway of thinking with and through the words and ideas of others

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citation can be beautiful; something as mundane as footnotes has the potential to contain footprints 👣, an intellectual imprint, a love letter 💌, a pathway of thinking with and through the words and ideas of others
— Dr. Tao Leigh Goffe | 道 | 🪸 (@taoleighgoffe) March 11, 2021

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citation can be beautiful; something as mundane as footnotes has the potential to contain footprints 👣, an intellectual imprint, a love letter 💌, a pathway of thinking with and through the words and ideas of others

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.metadata.attachment_props.original_text
citation can be beautiful; something as mundane as footnotes has the potential to contain footprints 👣, an intellectual imprint, a love letter 💌, a pathway of thinking with and through the words and ideas of others

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.metadata.attachment_props.text
citation can be beautiful; something as mundane as footnotes has the potential to contain footprints 👣, an intellectual imprint, a love letter 💌, a pathway of thinking with and through the words and ideas of others

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"Indeed, the racial and gender formations animating Bridgerton are historical processes preserving white supremacy while simultaneously peddling a historical fantasy." 

This by @shaun_armstead is an absolute must read
#Bridgerton https://t.co/UxnnvcIwrI

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Blackness, Dehumanized: A Black Feminist Analysis of 'Bridgerton' | AAIHS

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Netflix Since its release on Christmas Day, Bridgerton has attracted international attention for its racial cosmopolitan reenactment of early nineteenth-century Britain. In its first four weeks, 63 million households viewed the joint Shonda Rhimes-Netflix venture, making the series one of the to ...

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"Indeed, the racial and gender formations animating Bridgerton are historical processes preserving white supremacy while simultaneously peddling a historical fantasy." 

This by @shaun_armstead is an absolute must read
#Bridgerton https://t.co/UxnnvcIwrI

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"Indeed, the racial and gender formations animating Bridgerton are historical processes preserving white supremacy while simultaneously peddling a historical fantasy."

This by @shaun_armstead is an absolute must read#Bridgerton https://t.co/UxnnvcIwrI
— Sunny Singh (@ProfSunnySingh) February 3, 2021

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"Indeed, the racial and gender formations animating Bridgerton are historical processes preserving white supremacy while simultaneously peddling a historical fantasy." 

This by @shaun_armstead is an absolute must read
#Bridgerton https://t.co/UxnnvcIwrI

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.metadata.attachment_props.original_text
"Indeed, the racial and gender formations animating Bridgerton are historical processes preserving white supremacy while simultaneously peddling a historical fantasy." 

This by @shaun_armstead is an absolute must read
#Bridgerton https://t.co/UxnnvcIwrI

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.metadata.attachment_props.text
"Indeed, the racial and gender formations animating Bridgerton are historical processes preserving white supremacy while simultaneously peddling a historical fantasy." 

This by @shaun_armstead is an absolute must read
#Bridgerton https://t.co/UxnnvcIwrI

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'Black Looks: race and representation' by bell hooks (1992)

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'Black Looks: race and representation' by bell hooks (1992)

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Taking on popular music, advertising, literature, television, historical narrative, and film, hooks demonstrates the incisive intelligence and passion for justice that prompted Publishers Weekly to dub her "one of the foremost black intellectuals in America today."

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Taking on popular music, advertising, literature, television, historical narrative, and film, hooks demonstrates the incisive intelligence and passion for justice that prompted Publishers Weekly to dub her "one of the foremost black intellectuals in America today."

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'Power, Politics, and the Emotions: Impossible Governance?' by Shona Hunter (2015

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'Power, Politics, and the Emotions: Impossible Governance?' by Shona Hunter (2015

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Power, Politics and the Emotions: Impossible Governance? | Shona Hunter | download

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Power, Politics and the Emotions: Impossible Governance? | Shona Hunter | download | Z-Library. Download books for free. Find books

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Social justice organisation based in Leeds

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Challenging Whiteness White Privilege White Power | WhiteSpaces

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Critical uncompromising research informed analysis of whiteness as orientation to power

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'Why I'm No Longer Talking to White People About Race' by Reni Eddo-Lodge (2017)

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'Why I'm No Longer Talking to White People About Race' by Reni Eddo-Lodge (2017)

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Why I'm No Longer Talking (to White People) About Race

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Why I'm No Longer Talking (to White People) About Race | Reni Eddo-Lodge | download | Z-Library. Download books for free. Find books

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'On the Natural Variety of Mankind' by Johann Blumenbach (1795/1865)

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'On the Natural Variety of Mankind' by Johann Blumenbach (1795/1865)

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'White: Essays on Race and Culture' by Richard Dyer (1997/2017)

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'White: Essays on Race and Culture' by Richard Dyer (1997/2017)

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Now 20 years since its initial release, Richard Dyer s classic text White remains a groundbreaking and insightful study of the representation of whiteness in Western visual culture.

White explores how, while racial representation is central to the organization of the contemporary world, white people have remained a largely unexamined category in sharp contrast to the many studies of images of black and Asian peoples. Looking beyond the apparent unremarkability of whiteness, Dyer demonstrates the importance of analyzing images of white people.

Dyer places this representation within the contexts of Christianity, race and colonialism. In a series of absorbing case studies, he shows the construction of whiteness in the technology of photography and film as part of a wider culture of light, discusses heroic white masculinity in muscle-man action cinema, from Tarzan and Hercules to Conan and Rambo; analyses the stifling role of white women in end-of-empire fictions like Jewel in the Crown and traces the associations of whiteness with death in Falling Down, horror movies and cult dystopian films such as Blade Runner and the Aliens trilogy.

This twentieth anniversary edition includes a new introductory chapter by Maxime Cervulle entitled Looking into the light: whiteness, racism and regimes of representation . This new introduction illuminates how Dyer has made a major contribution to the study of contemporary regimes of representation by unveiling the cultural mechanisms that have formed and reinforced white hegemony, mechanisms under which white people have come to represent what is ordinary, neutral, even universal.

"

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Now 20 years since its initial release, Richard Dyer s classic text White remains a groundbreaking and insightful study of the representation of whiteness in Western visual culture. White explores how, while racial representation is central to the organization of the contemporary world, white people have remained a largely unexamined category in sharp contrast to the many studies of images of black and Asian peoples.

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Black hair is finally fashionable. But on whose terms? Emma Dabiri | Comment is Free (2016)

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Black hair is finally fashionable. But on whose terms? Emma Dabiri | Comment is Free (2016)

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Black hair is finally fashionable. But on whose terms? Emma Dabiri | Comment is Free

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'Why black hair is still stigmatised | Emma Dabiri (2020)

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'Why black hair is still stigmatised | Emma Dabiri (2020)

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Why black hair is still stigmatised | Emma Dabiri

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'Race: A Philisophical Introduction' by Paul C. Taylor (2013)

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'Race: A Philisophical Introduction' by Paul C. Taylor (2013)

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Race: A Philosophical Introduction | Paul C. Taylor | download

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Race: A Philosophical Introduction | Paul C. Taylor | download | Z-Library. Download books for free. Find books

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'Superior: The Return of Race Science' by Angela Saini (2021)

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'Superior: The Return of Race Science' by Angela Saini (2021)

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For millennia, dominant societies have had the habit of believing their own people to be the best, deep down: the more powerful they become, the more power begins to be framed as natural, as well as cultural. When you see how power has shaped the idea of race, then you can start to understand its meaning.

In the twenty-first century, we like to believe that we have moved beyond scientific racism, that most people accept race as a social construct, not a biological one. But race science is experiencing a revival, fuelled by the misuse of science by certain political groups.

Even well-intentioned scientists, through their use of racial categories in genetics and medicine, betray their suspicion that race has some basis in biology.

In truth, it is no more real than it was hundreds of years ago, when our racial hierarchies were devised by those in power.

In Superior, award-winning author Angela Saini explores the concept of race, from its origins to the present day. Engaging with geneticists, anthropologists, historians and social scientists from across the globe, Superior is a rigorous, much needed examination of the insidious and destructive nature of race science.

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For millennia, dominant societies have had the habit of believing their own people to be the best, deep down: the more powerful they become, the more power begins to be framed as natural, as well as cultural. When you see how power has shaped the idea of race, then you can start to understand its meaning.

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'The Non-Performativity of Anti-Racism' by Sara Ahmed (2004)

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'The Non-Performativity of Anti-Racism' by Sara Ahmed (2004)

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'Whiteness: White Privilege and the Invisible Race' by Tom Nicholas (2020)

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'Whiteness: White Privilege and the Invisible Race' by Tom Nicholas (2020)

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Whiteness: WTF? White Privilege and the Invisible Race

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'Cultural Etiquette' by Amoja Three Rivers (1991)

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'Cultural Etiquette' by Amoja Three Rivers (1991)

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Cultural Etiquette: A Guide for the Well-Intentioned a book by Amoja Three Rivers.

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'What White People Can Do Next: From Allyship to Coalition' by Emma Dabiri (2021)

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'What White People Can Do Next: From Allyship to Coalition' by Emma Dabiri (2021)

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What White People Can Do Next: From Allyship to Coalition a book by Emma Dabiri.

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THE SUNDAY TIMES AND IRISH TIMES BESTSELLER’An absolute blockbuster of clear thinking and new angles...the most clear, alliance building, shame removing look at race. Emma is once-in-a generation clever’ Caitlin MoranWe need to talk about racial injustice in a different way: one that builds on the r…

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'Black and British: A Forgotten History', Pres. David Olusoga (2016)

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'Black and British: A Forgotten History', Pres. David Olusoga (2016)

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BBC Two - Black and British: A Forgotten History

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A look at the relationship between Britain and people whose origins lie in Africa.

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European exploration | Definition, Facts, Maps, Images, & Colonization

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History of the European exploration of regions of Earth for scientific, commercial, religious, military, and other purposes, beginning about the 4th century BCE. The major phases of exploration were centered on the Mediterranean Sea, China, and the New World (the last being the so-called Age of Dis…

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'Desiring Whiteness' by Kalpana Seshadri-Crooks (2000)

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'Desiring Whiteness' by Kalpana Seshadri-Crooks (2000)

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Desiring Whiteness provides a compelling new interpretation of how we understand race. Race is often seen to be a social construction. Nevertheless, we continue to deploy race thinking in our everyday life as a way of telling people apart visually. How do subjects become raced? Is it common sense to read bodies as racially marked? Employing Lacan's theories of the subject and sexual difference, Seshadri-Crooks explores how the discourse of race parallels that of sexual difference in making racial identity a fundamental component of our thinking. Through close readings of literary and film texts, Seshardi-Crooks also investigates whether race is a system of difference equally determined by Whiteness. She argues that it is in relation to Whiteness that systems of racial classification are organized, endowing it with a power to shape human difference.

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Desiring Whiteness: A Lacanian Analysis of Race (Opening Out)

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Desiring Whiteness provides a compelling new interpretation of how we understand race. Race is often seen to be a social construction. Nevertheless, we continue to deploy race thinking in our everyday life as a way of telling people apart visually. How do subjects become raced? Is it common sense to read bodies as racially marked?