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A virtual, gamified space for online events and meetings.

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social media scheduling platform

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Later: #1 Social Media Management Tool & Link in Bio Platform

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Save time and start growing with Later, the best social media management tool to plan, schedule, and analyze posts on Instagram, TikTok, and 6 more platforms.

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Doodle integrates with Zapier to automate mundane tasks, so you can focus on what matters.

Meetings made simple

Save time scheduling your day with the power of Doodle

Doodle Premium Features

No Ads

No more no-shows

Seamless integration

Customize your look

Cover all timezones

Never send another "When can you meet?" email again

Get the right people together. At the right time. In 2 steps.

Why busy people love Doodle

Ready to get started?

Start your Doodle - and watch the appointments roll in

Start scheduling the smart way

Privacy and Security - Built for Enterprises

Thousands of Doodle fans work inside enterprises like Cisco, Amazon, and Google. We take your privacy and security seriously.

Work within your existing tools

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Doodle integrates with Zapier to automate mundane tasks, so you can focus on what matters. Doodle Premium Features No Ads No more no-shows Seamless integration Customize your look Cover all timezones Why busy people love Doodle Ready to get started?

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Great app for creating any sort of virtual content, especially beautiful presentations

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Platform for non-profits, which allow you to get cheap or free of charge access to apps, trainings, programs.

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TechSoup Community
Forums, Events, and Libraries

Get answers, meet like-minded nonprofits, and share your stories at our networking events, at a locally hosted TechSoup Connect event, or in our online community forums. Learn about the content, products, and resources we provide specifically to U.S. libraries and much more. No need to be a nonprofit to participate.

JOIN THE COMMUNITY

Apps4Change
Caravan Studios

We bring the #Apps4Change community together to generate opportunities for development, design solutions, and demo the great products that have already been built.

LEARN MORE

ED Made Easy
NGOsource

Our equivalency determination repository and related services are transforming international giving for U.S. grantmakers and donor advised funds.

VISIT NGOSOURCE

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TechSoup - Technology for nonprofits, charities, and libraries

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TechSoup Community Get answers, meet like-minded nonprofits, and share your stories at our networking events, at a locally hosted TechSoup Connect event, or in our online community forums. Learn about the content, products, and resources we provide specifically to U.S. libraries and much more. No need to be a nonprofit to participate.

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Learning to code for kids

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Scratch is a free programming language and online community where you can create your own interactive stories, games, and animations.

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hungarian startup for prezentations

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Trello is a great project management tool, which allows you to list the tasks, set deadlines, assign people, upload content etc. It is integrated with many useful apps.

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free data visualization tool that lets you build interactive dashboards, and customized, beautiful reporting

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Best way to improve company culture with peer to peer recognition. Send lucky carrots to your peers to appreciate the hard work.

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Best way to improve company culture with peer to peer recognition. Send lucky carrots to your peers to appreciate the hard work.

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registratiion form for events

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Odkrywaj, baw się i zdobywaj wiedzę podczas niezapomnianych wydarzeń

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Ludzie, którzy Cię zainspirują. Wydarzenia, których nie możesz ominąć.

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start learning how to code

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Creating videos
https://www.powtoon.com/

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Powtoon | Create Awesome Videos Yourself

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Powtoon gives you everything you need to easily make professional videos and presentations that your clients, colleagues, and friends will love! No design or tech skills are necessary - it's free, easy, and awesome!

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virtual meeting platform, game-alike, useful, beatiful but expensive

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Visually stunning immersive environments

You can use the Remo built-in environments, create your very own custom environment exactly how you want it, or hire professionals to do it for you! Recreate your office building, a beach, mount Everest, or a nice cozy coffee shop. The choice is yours!

Configure designs to match your brand and meet the needs of your particular gathering

Craft functional gathering spaces with style by arranging table seating configurations from 2-16* people

Create unique environments to encourage networking, workshops, conferences, and more

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You can use the Remo built-in environments, create your very own custom environment exactly how you want it, or hire professionals to do it for you! Recreate your office building, a beach, mount Everest, or a nice cozy coffee shop. The choice is yours!

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Popular and simple game to entertain the community

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The online Telephone Game! Play the popular game for free now

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How to Develop Your Intended Impact and Theory of Change

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How to Develop Your Intended Impact and Theory of Change

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How to Develop Your Intended Impact and Theory of Change_ Toolkit

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method - European Venture Filantropy Association
5 steps related to impact measurement

1In IH Barcelona we create a loop:
Establishing objectives
Identifyng stakeholders
Measurement - method theory of change
Verification
Reporting - data studio

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Nice application for online quizes

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Testing Prototypes - @Ask Johannes for more

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Testing Prototypes - @Ask Johannes for more

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- from our Social Innovation Prototyping Concept -

1. Test Concept: Develop testable prototypes (e.g. apps, workshop concepts, devices) with social start ups or initiatives.

2. Evaluation Concept: Find the right methods to evaluate the tests of the prototypes.

3. Reality Check: Test the prototypes with the target group.

4. Evaluation: Get the feedback of the target group.

5. Improvement: Learn from the tests to further develop the products or services, communication or networking of the start ups/initiatives.

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Google product for a virtual blackboard.

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Pulse check (Get to know your community)

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Pulse check (Get to know your community)

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Great methodology to get to know your community better.

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Visual collaboration platform with many useful features. Great platform for visual facilitation of online meetings and presentations.

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Planable - social media collaboration platform

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Planable - social media collaboration platform

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Plan and approve social media content 6X faster, with the easiest collaboration tool on the planet
https://planable.io/

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Showcasing your work in Excels and Powerpoint is time-consuming and frustrating. Planable helps you preview Facebook, Twitter and Instagram posts exactly as they will appear when published.

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Planable | Social Media Collaboration Platform

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Planable is the command center of social media campaigns trusted by agencies, freelancers, and marketing teams, that allows you to easily create, collaborate, get approval and schedule posts for your social media campaigns.

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Facebook messenger might be used for communication with groups. It is easy as usually everyone has access (3 bln users).

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Stakeholders in the change process (Community Building)

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Stakeholders in the change process (Community Building)

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http://www.kerpaktech.com

Fridge - you can remotely buy food
Calculates calories
Gives recommendations
you open it with an app

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Expand your reach with a branded Kerpak. Enhance your food business with an unattended retail solution that reaches customers wherever they are.

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Mental Models: The Best Way to Make Intelligent Decisions (109 Models Explained)

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Mental Models: The Best Way to Make Intelligent Decisions (109 Models Explained)

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What Are Mental Models?

A mental model is simply a mental compression of how something works. It applies to any idea, concept, or belief. We cannot keep all of the details in our heads, so we use models to simplify the complex into understandable and organized chunks.

Mental models are how we understand the world. For example, velocity is a mental model that helps you understand that speed and direction both matter. Reciprocity is a mental model that helps you understand how going positive and going first can make a big difference. Margin of Safety is a mental model that helps you understand things don't always go as planned. Relativity is a mental model that shows us we have blind spots and how a different vantage point can change everything. The list goes on.

The models we use help us simplify complexity, filter information, and reason. They shape how we think and the opportunities we see.

While there are thousands of mental models, only a hundred or so are broadly useful in daily life. Understanding these ideas positions you to make fewer mistakes and take better actions.

Learning to Think Better

In life and business, the person with the fewest blind spots wins.

The source of all poor choices is blind spots. Think about it. If you had perfect information about what happened and what would happen if you took a particular course of action, you would always make the best decision possible. You wouldn't make any mistakes.

Mental models are not perfect, but they are useful. The real test of a model is not truth but utility. Does it allow you to see something you didn't see before? Does it remove a blind spot?

Developing a broad set of mental models is critical for removing blind spots. Most of us tend to specialize in a particular field. Rather than a broad latticework of mental models, we see the world through our chosen discipline. An engineer sees the world in systems. A biologist thinks in terms of evolution. But the person who can see the world through systems and evolution will make wiser choices and avoid more mistakes. Putting these disciplines together allows us to walk around a problem in a three-dimensional way.

If we're only looking at the problem one way, we've got a blind spot. And blind spots can kill you.

Here's another way to think about it. When a botanist looks at a forest, they may focus on the ecosystem, an environmentalist sees the impact of climate change, a forestry engineer sees the state of the tree growth, and a business person sees the value of the land. None are wrong, but neither are any of them able to describe the full scope of the forest. When they make decisions through only one lens, they miss the impact on others.

In a famous speech in the 1990s, Charlie Munger summed up the approach to practical wisdom through understanding mental models by saying:

The first rule is that you can't really know anything if you just remember isolated facts and try and bang 'em back. If the facts don't hang together on a latticework of theory, you don't have them in a usable form. You've got to have models in your head. And you've got to array your experience both vicarious and direct on this latticework of models. You may have noticed students who just try to remember and pound back what is remembered. Well, they fail in school and in life. You've got to hang experience on a latticework of models in your head."

A Latticework of Mental Models

To help you build your latticework of mental models so you can make better decisions, I've collected and summarized the most useful ones.

The Core Mental Models

The Mental Models of Physics and Chemistry

3. Thermodynamics
The laws of thermodynamics describe energy in a closed system. The laws cannot be escaped and underlie the physical world. They describe a world in which useful energy is constantly being lost, and energy cannot be created or destroyed. Applying their lessons to the social world can be a profitable enterprise.

4. Inertia
An object in motion with a certain vector wants to continue moving in that direction unless acted upon. This is a fundamental physical principle of motion; however, individuals, systems, and organizations display the same effect. It allows them to minimize the use of energy, but can cause them to be destroyed or eroded.

5. Friction and Viscosity
Both friction and viscosity describe the difficulty of movement. Friction is a force that opposes the movement of objects that are in contact with each other, and viscosity measures how hard it is for one fluid to slide over another. Higher viscosity leads to higher resistance. These concepts teach us a lot about how our environment can impede our movement.

7. Leverage
Most of the engineering marvels of the world were accomplished with applied leverage. As famously stated by Archimedes, "Give me a lever long enough and I shall move the world." With a small amount of input force, we can make a great output force through leverage. Understanding where we can apply this model to the human world can be a source of great success.

9. Catalysts
A catalyst either kick-starts or maintains a chemical reaction but isn't itself a reactant. The reaction may slow or stop without the addition of catalysts. Social systems, of course, take on many similar traits, and we can view catalysts in a similar light.

10. Alloying
When we combine various elements, we create new substances. This is no great surprise, but what can be surprising in the alloying process is that 2+2 can equal not 4 but 6 - the alloy can be far stronger than the simple addition of the underlying elements would lead us to believe. This process leads us to engineer great physical objects, but we understand many intangibles in the same way; a combination of the right elements in social systems or even individuals can create a 2+2=6 effect similar to alloying.

The Mental Models of Biology

1. Evolution Part One: Natural Selection and Extinction
Evolution by natural selection was once called "the greatest idea anyone ever had." In the 19th century, Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace simultaneously realized that species evolve through random mutation and differential survival rates. If we call human intervention in animal breeding an example of "artificial selection," we can call Mother Nature deciding the success or failure of a particular mutation "natural selection." Those best suited for survival tend to be preserved. But of course, conditions change.

2. Evolution Part Two: Adaptation and The Red Queen Effect
Species tend to adapt to their surroundings in order to survive, given the combination of their genetics and their environment - an always-unavoidable combination. However, adaptations made in an individual's lifetime are not passed down genetically, as was once thought: Populations of species adapt through the process of evolution by natural selection, as the most-fit examples of the species replicate at an above-average rate.

The evolution-by-natural-selection model leads to something of an arms race among species competing for limited resources. When one species evolves an advantageous adaptation, a competing species must respond in kind or fail as a species. Standing still can mean falling behind. This arms race is called the Red Queen Effect for the character in Alice in Wonderland who said, "Now, here, you see, it takes all the running you can do, to keep in the same place."

3. Ecosystems
An ecosystem describes any group of organisms coexisting with the natural world. Most ecosystems show diverse forms of life taking on different approaches to survival, with such pressures leading to varying behavior. Social systems can be seen in the same light as the physical ecosystems and many of the same conclusions can be made.

4. Niches
Most organisms find a niche: a method of competing and behaving for survival. Usually, a species will select a niche for which it is best adapted. The danger arises when multiple species begin competing for the same niche, which can cause an extinction - there can be only so many species doing the same thing before limited resources give out.

5. Self-Preservation
Without a strong self-preservation instinct in an organism's DNA, it would tend to disappear over time, thus eliminating that DNA. While cooperation is another important model, the self-preservation instinct is strong in all organisms and can cause violent, erratic, and/or destructive behavior for those around them.

6. Replication
A fundamental building block of diverse biological life is high-fidelity replication. The fundamental unit of replication seems to be the DNA molecule, which provides a blueprint for the offspring to be built from physical building blocks. There are a variety of replication methods, but most can be lumped into sexual and asexual.

7. Cooperation
Competition tends to describe most biological systems, but cooperation at various levels is just as important a dynamic. In fact, the cooperation of a bacterium and a simple cell probably created the first complex cell and all of the life we see around us. Without cooperation, no group survives, and the cooperation of groups gives rise to even more complex versions of organization. Cooperation and competition tend to coexist at multiple levels.

The Prisoner's Dilemma is a famous application of game theory in which two prisoners are both better off cooperating with each other, but if one of them cheats, the other is better off cheating. Thus the dilemma. This model shows up in economic life, in war, and in many other areas of practical human life. Though the prisoner's dilemma theoretically leads to a poor result, in the real world, cooperation is nearly always possible and must be explored.

8. Hierarchical Organization
Most complex biological organisms have an innate feel for how they should organize. While not all of them end up in hierarchical structures, many do, especially in the animal kingdom. Human beings like to think they are outside of this, but they feel the hierarchical instinct as strongly as any other organism. This includes the Stanford Prison Experiment and Milgram Experiments, which demonstrated what humans learned practically many years before: the human bias towards being influenced by authority. In a dominance hierarchy such as ours, we tend to look to the leader for guidance on behavior, especially in situations of stress or uncertainty. Thus, authority figures have a responsibility to act well, whether they like it or not.

10. Tendency to Minimize Energy Output (Mental and physical)
In a physical world governed by thermodynamics and competition for limited energy and resources, any biological organism that was wasteful with energy would be at a severe disadvantage for survival. Thus, we see in most instances that behavior is governed by a tendency to minimize energy usage when at all possible.

The Mental Models of Systems Thinking

2. Equilibrium
Homeostasis is the process through which systems self-regulate to maintain an equilibrium state that enables them to function in a changing environment. Most of the time, they over or undershoot it by a little and must keep adjusting. Like a pilot flying a plane, the system is off course more often than on course. Everything within a homeostatic system contributes to keeping it within a range of equilibrium, so it is important to understand the limits of the range.

3. Bottlenecks
A bottleneck describes the place at which a flow (of a tangible or intangible) is stopped, thus constraining it from continuous movement. As with a clogged artery or a blocked drain, a bottleneck in the production of any good or service can be small but have a disproportionate impact if it is in the critical path. However, bottlenecks can also be a source of inspiration as they force us to reconsider if there are alternate pathways to success.

4. Scale
One of the most important principles of systems is that they are sensitive to scale. Properties (or behaviors) tend to change when you scale them up or down. In studying complex systems, we must always be roughly quantifying - in orders of magnitude, at least - the scale at which we are observing, analyzing, or predicting the system.

6. Churn
Insurance companies and subscription services are well aware of the concept of churn - every year, a certain number of customers are lost and must be replaced. Standing still is the equivalent of losing, as seen in the model called the " Red Queen Effect." Churn is present in many business and human systems: A constant figure is periodically lost and must be replaced before any new figures are added over the top.

7. Algorithms
While hard to precisely define, an algorithm is generally an automated set of rules or a "blueprint" leading a series of steps or actions resulting in a desired outcome, and often stated in the form of a series of "If → Then" statements. Algorithms are best known for their use in modern computing, but are a feature of biological life as well. For example, human DNA contains an algorithm for building a human being.

8. Critical mass
A system becomes critical when it is about to jump discretely from one phase to another. The marginal utility of the last unit before the phase change is wildly higher than any unit before it. A frequently cited example is water turning from a liquid to a vapor when heated to a specific temperature. "Critical mass" refers to the mass needed to have the critical event occur, most commonly in a nuclear system.

9. Emergence
Higher-level behavior tends to emerge from the interaction of lower-order components. The result is frequently not linear - not a matter of simple addition - but rather non-linear, or exponential. An important resulting property of emergent behavior is that it cannot be predicted from simply studying the component parts.

10. Irreducibility
We find that in most systems there are irreducible quantitative properties, such as complexity, minimums, time, and length. Below the irreducible level, the desired result simply does not occur. One cannot get several women pregnant to reduce the amount of time needed to have one child, and one cannot reduce a successfully built automobile to a single part. These results are, to a defined point, irreducible.

11. Law of Diminishing Returns
Related to scale, most important real-world results are subject to an eventual decrease of incremental value. A good example would be a poor family: Give them enough money to thrive, and they are no longer poor. But after a certain point, additional money will not improve their lot; there is a clear diminishing return of additional dollars at some roughly quantifiable point. Often, the law of diminishing returns veers into negative territory - i.e., receiving too much money could destroy the poor family.

The Mental Models of Numeracy

1. Distributions
The normal distribution is a statistical process that leads to the well-known graphical representation of a bell curve, with a meaningful central "average" and increasingly rare standard deviations from that average when correctly sampled. (The so-called "central limit" theorem.) Well-known examples include human height and weight, but it's just as important to note that many common processes, especially in non-tangible systems like social systems, do not follow this pattern. Normal distributions can be contrasted with power law, or exponential, distributions.

2. Compounding
It's been said that Einstein called compounding a wonder of the world. He probably didn't, but it is a wonder. Compounding is the process by which we add interest to a fixed sum, which then earns interest on the previous sum the newly added interest, and then earns interest on that amount, and so on ad infinitum . It is an exponential effect, rather than a linear, or additive, effect. Money is not the only thing that compounds; ideas and relationships do as well. In tangible realms, compounding is always subject to physical limits and diminishing returns; intangibles can compound more freely. Compounding also leads to the time value of money, which underlies all of modern finance.

3. Sampling
When we want to get information about a population (meaning a set of alike people, things, or events), we usually need to look at a sample (meaning a part of the population). It is usually not possible or even desirable to consider the entire population, so we aim for a sample that represents the whole. As a rule of thumb, more measurements mean more accurate results, all else being equal. Small sample sizes can produce skewed results.

4. Randomness
Though the human brain has trouble comprehending it, much of the world is composed of random, non-sequential, non-ordered events. We are "fooled" by random effects when we attribute causality to things that are actually outside of our control. If we don't course-correct for this fooled-by-randomness effect - our faulty sense of pattern-seeking - we will tend to see things as being more predictable than they are and act accordingly.

7. Equivalence
The introduction of algebra allowed us to demonstrate mathematically and abstractly that two seemingly different things could be the same. By manipulating symbols, we can demonstrate equivalence or inequivalence, the use of which led humanity to untold engineering and technical abilities. Knowing at least the basics of algebra can allow us to understand a variety of important results.

8. Surface Area
The surface area of a three dimensional object is the amount of space on the outside of it. Thus, the more surface area you have, the more contact you have with your environment. Sometimes a high surface area is desirable: Our lungs and intestines have a huge surface area to increase the absorption of oxygen and nutrients. Other times we want to reduce our exposure, such as limiting our internet exposure to reduce the attack surface.

9. Global and Local Maxima
The maxima and minima of a mathematical function are the largest and smallest values over its domain. Although there is one maximum value, the global maximum, there can be smaller peaks of value in a given range, the local maxima. Global and local maxima help us identify peaks, and if there is still potential to go higher or lower. It also reminds us that sometimes we have to go down to go back up.

The Mental Models of Microeconomics

1. Opportunity Costs
Doing one thing means not being able to do another. We live in a world of trade-offs, and the concept of opportunity cost rules all. Most aptly summarized as "there is no such thing as a free lunch."

2. Creative Destruction
Coined by economist Joseph Schumpeter, the term "creative destruction" describes the capitalistic process at work in a functioning free-market system. Motivated by personal incentives (including but not limited to financial profit), entrepreneurs will push to best one another in a never-ending game of creative one-upmanship, in the process destroying old ideas and replacing them with newer technology. Beware getting left behind.

4. Specialization (Pin Factory)
Another Scottish economist, Adam Smith, highlighted the advantages gained in a free-market system by specialization. Rather than having a group of workers each producing an entire item from start to finish, Smith explained that it's usually far more productive to have each of them specialize in one aspect of production. He also cautioned, however, that each worker might not enjoy such a life; this is a trade-off of the specialization model.

5. Seizing the Middle
In chess, the winning strategy is usually to seize control of the middle of the board, so as to maximize the potential moves that can be made and control the movement of the maximal number of pieces. The same strategy works profitably in business, as can be demonstrated by John D. Rockefeller's control of the refinery business in the early days of the oil trade and Microsoft's control of the operating system in the early days of the software trade.

6. Trademarks, Patents, and Copyrights
These three concepts, along with other related ones, protect the creative work produced by enterprising individuals, thus creating additional incentives for creativity and promoting the creative-destruction model of capitalism. Without these protections, information and creative workers have no defense against their work being freely distributed.

7. Double-Entry Bookkeeping
One of the marvels of modern capitalism has been the bookkeeping system introduced in Genoa in the 14th century. The double-entry system requires that every entry, such as income, also be entered into another corresponding account. Correct double-entry bookkeeping acts as a check on potential accounting errors and allows for accurate records and thus, more accurate behavior by the owner of a firm.

8. Utility (Marginal, Diminishing, Increasing)
The usefulness of additional units of any good tends to vary with scale. Marginal utility allows us to understand the value of one additional unit, and in most practical areas of life, that utility diminishes at some point. On the other hand, in some cases, additional units are subject to a "critical point" where the utility function jumps discretely up or down. As an example, giving water to a thirsty man has diminishing marginal utility with each additional unit, and can eventually kill him with enough units.

9. Bribery
Often ignored in mainstream economics, the concept of bribery is central to human systems: Given the chance, it is often easier to pay a certain agent to look the other way than to follow the rules. The enforcer of the rules is then neutralized. This principal/agent problem can be seen as a form of arbitrage.

10. Arbitrage
Given two markets selling an identical good, an arbitrage exists if the good can profitably be bought in one market and sold at a profit in the other. This model is simple on its face, but can present itself in disguised forms: The only gas station in a 50-mile radius is also an arbitrage as it can buy gasoline and sell it at the desired profit (temporarily) without interference. Nearly all arbitrage situations eventually disappear as they are discovered and exploited.

12. Scarcity
Game theory describes situations of conflict, limited resources, and competition. Given a certain situation and a limited amount of resources and time, what decisions are competitors likely to make, and which should they make? One important note is that traditional game theory may describe humans as more rational than they really are. Game theory is theory, after all.

13. Mr. Market
Mr. Market was introduced by the investor Benjamin Graham in his seminal book The Intelligent Investor to represent the vicissitudes of the financial markets. As Graham explains, the markets are a bit like a moody neighbor, sometimes waking up happy and sometimes waking up sad - your job as an investor is to take advantage of him in his bad moods and sell to him in his good moods. This attitude is contrasted to an efficient-market hypothesis in which Mr. Market always wakes up in the middle of the bed, never feeling overly strong in either direction.

The Mental Models of Military and War

1. Seeing the Front
One of the most valuable military tactics is the habit of "personally seeing the front" before making decisions - not always relying on advisors, maps, and reports, all of which can be either faulty or biased. The Map/Territory model illustrates the problem with not seeing the front, as does the incentive model. Leaders of any organization can generally benefit from seeing the front, as not only does it provide firsthand information, but it also tends to improve the quality of secondhand information.

2. Asymmetric Warfare
The asymmetry model leads to an application in warfare whereby one side seemingly "plays by different rules" than the other side due to circumstance. Generally, this model is applied by an insurgency with limited resources. Unable to out-muscle their opponents, asymmetric fighters use other tactics, as with terrorism creating fear that's disproportionate to their actual destructive ability.

3. Two-Front War
The Second World War was a good example of a two-front war. Once Russia and Germany became enemies, Germany was forced to split its troops and send them to separate fronts, weakening their impact on either front. In practical life, opening a two-front war can often be a useful tactic, as can solving a two-front war or avoiding one, as in the example of an organization tamping down internal discord to focus on its competitors.

5. Mutually Assured Destruction
Somewhat paradoxically, the stronger two opponents become, the less likely they may be to destroy one another. This process of mutually assured destruction occurs not just in warfare, as with the development of global nuclear warheads, but also in business, as with the avoidance of destructive price wars between competitors. However, in a fat-tailed world, it is also possible that mutually assured destruction scenarios simply make destruction more severe in the event of a mistake (pushing destruction into the "tails" of the distribution).

The Mental Models of Human Nature and Judgment

1. Trust
Fundamentally, the modern world operates on trust. Familial trust is generally a given (otherwise we'd have a hell of a time surviving), but we also choose to trust chefs, clerks, drivers, factory workers, executives, and many others. A trusting system is one that tends to work most efficiently; the rewards of trust are extremely high.

2. Bias from Incentives
Highly responsive to incentives, humans have perhaps the most varied and hardest to understand set of incentives in the animal kingdom. This causes us to distort our thinking when it is in our own interest to do so. A wonderful example is a salesman truly believing that his product will improve the lives of its users. It's not merely convenient that he sells the product; the fact of his selling the product causes a very real bias in his own thinking.

3. Pavlovian Association
Ivan Pavlov very effectively demonstrated that animals can respond not just to direct incentives but also to associated objects; remember the famous dogs salivating at the ring of a bell. Human beings are much the same and can feel positive and negative emotion towards intangible objects, with the emotion coming from past associations rather than direct effects.

5. Tendency to Distort Due to Liking/Loving or Disliking/Hating
Based on past association, stereotyping, ideology, genetic influence, or direct experience, humans have a tendency to distort their thinking in favor of people or things that they like and against people or things they dislike. This tendency leads to overrating the things we like and underrating or broadly categorizing things we dislike, often missing crucial nuances in the process.

6. Denial
Anyone who has been alive long enough realizes that, as the saying goes, "denial is not just a river in Africa." This is powerfully demonstrated in situations like war or drug abuse, where denial has powerful destructive effects but allows for behavioral inertia. Denying reality can be a coping mechanism, a survival mechanism, or a purposeful tactic.

8. Representativeness Heuristic
The three major psychological findings that fall under Representativeness, also defined by Kahneman and his partner Tversky, are:

b. Tendency to Stereotype
The tendency to broadly generalize and categorize rather than look for specific nuance. Like availability, this is generally a necessary trait for energy-saving in the brain.

c. Failure to See False Conjunctions
Most famously demonstrated by the Linda Test, the same two psychologists showed that students chose more vividly described individuals as more likely to fit into a predefined category than individuals with broader, more inclusive, but less vivid descriptions, even if the vivid example was a mere subset of the more inclusive set. These specific examples are seen as more representative of the category than those with the broader but vaguer descriptions, in violation of logic and probability.

11. Curiosity Instinct
We like to call other species curious, but we are the most curious of all, an instinct which led us out of the savanna and led us to learn a great deal about the world around us, using that information to create the world in our collective minds. The curiosity instinct leads to unique human behavior and forms of organization like the scientific enterprise. Even before there were direct incentives to innovate, humans innovated out of curiosity.

12. Language Instinct
The psychologist Steven Pinker calls our DNA-level instinct to learn grammatically constructed language the Language Instinct. The idea that grammatical language is not a simple cultural artifact was first popularized by the linguist Noam Chomsky. As we saw with the narrative instinct, we use these instincts to create shared stories, as well as to gossip, solve problems, and fight, among other things. Grammatically ordered language theoretically carries infinite varying meaning.

13. First-Conclusion Bias
As Charlie Munger famously pointed out, the mind works a bit like a sperm and egg: the first idea gets in and then the mind shuts. Like many other tendencies, this is probably an energy-saving device. Our tendency to settle on first conclusions leads us to accept many erroneous results and cease asking questions; it can be countered with some simple and useful mental routines.

15. Relative Satisfaction/Misery Tendencies
The envy tendency is probably the most obvious manifestation of the relative satisfaction tendency, but nearly all studies of human happiness show that it is related to the state of the person relative to either their past or their peers, not absolute. These relative tendencies cause us great misery or happiness in a very wide variety of objectively different situations and make us poor predictors of our own behavior and feelings.

20. Influence of Stress (Including Breaking Points)
Stress causes both mental and physiological responses and tends to amplify the other biases. Almost all human mental biases become worse in the face of stress as the body goes into a fight-or-flight response, relying purely on instinct without the emergency brake of Daniel Kahneman's "System 2" type of reasoning. Stress causes hasty decisions, immediacy, and a fallback to habit, thus giving rise to the elite soldiers' motto: "In the thick of battle, you will not rise to the level of your expectations, but fall to the level of your training."

23. Falsification / Confirmation Bias
What a man wishes, he also believes. Similarly, what we believe is what we choose to see. This is commonly referred to as the confirmation bias. It is a deeply ingrained mental habit, both energy-conserving and comfortable, to look for confirmations of long-held wisdom rather than violations. Yet the scientific process - including hypothesis generation, blind testing when needed, and objective statistical rigor - is designed to root out precisely the opposite, which is why it works so well when followed.

The modern scientific enterprise operates under the principle of falsification: A method is termed scientific if it can be stated in such a way that a certain defined result would cause it to be proved false. Pseudo-knowledge and pseudo-science operate and propagate by being unfalsifiable - as with astrology, we are unable to prove them either correct or incorrect because the conditions under which they would be shown false are never stated.

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Mental Models: The Best Way to Make Intelligent Decisions (~100 Models Explained)

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The smartest people in the world use mental models to make intelligent decisions, avoid stupidity, and increase productivity. Let's take a look at how ...

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For blogs and articles

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Medium is an open platform where readers find dynamic thinking, and where expert and undiscovered voices can share their writing on any topic.

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Mibo helps remote teams develop brilliant working relationships through playful social moments. Create coffee chats, happy hours, team socializers, and play games across explorable 3D worlds.

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A sociocratic model of governance to evolve your organization.

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Holacracy - A complete system for self-organization

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Holacracy - A complete system for self-organization Holacracy empowers people to make meaningful decisions in pursuit of your organization's purpose.

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Inspect let is a IT tool that we use to obdervate how our users use our Web-apps but also error logging.  Collect all data with the mistakes and upgrade our Web-apps. Session recordings, website-webApps heat maps.

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With Inspectlet's mature filtering capabilities, you'll be able to find exactly the visitors you're interested in watching. For example, selecting a few checkboxes will let you find videos of new visitors from AdWords that bought something on your site.

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Inspectlet records videos of your visitors as they use your site, allowing you to see everything they do. See every mouse movement, scroll, click, and keypress on your site. Forget traditional analytics. You never need to wonder how exactly people are using your site again.

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An horizontal governance model to improve your organization

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Sociocracy is a governance system, just like democracy or corporate governance methods. It's best suited for organizations that want to self-govern based on the values of equality.

Some people refer to sociocracy as Dynamic Self-Governance or simply Dynamic Governance.

History of sociocracy

What we call sociocracy now was first developed as the Sociocratic Circle Method by Gerard Endenburg in the Netherlands in the 1980ies. Its origins are in:

Natural systems: complex organizations work as decentralized, nested systems that are semi-autonomous. That means they are both autonomous and dependent on each other, like, for example, the respiratory and the nervous system.
Sociocracy builds on a set of simple rules. For example, a simple rule defines how to create a circle. The same rule then allows any circles to form a sub-circle, and the sub-circles to form sub-sub-circles and so on.

Decision-making builds on decision-making by the Quakers that have a strong commitment to inclusion and egalitarian values.

Cybernetics: sociocracy uses feedback loops to learn about the impact of actions.

Principles and tools of sociocracy:

Sociocratic features come in the areas of structure, meetings, and continuous improvement.

Organizational structure:

Small groups are the basis of everything. Those small groups are called circles.

Those sociocracy circles have a defined aim (= a description of what the circle is doing) and full authority in a domain (= what the circle has authority over).

Circles will define roles, both to run itself smoothly and to "package" operations into meaningful bits. Any member will fill one or more roles.

Linking roles connect circles to other related circles. In double-linking, two people from one circle - the delegate and the leader - are also full members of the parent circle so information can flow between the teams and their decisions align.

Decision making and rounds

Circles make policy decisions by consent. There is consent to a proposal when no member of the circle has an objection. By definition, objecting requires that a circle member has reason to assume that circle cannot achieve its aim adequately if the circle approves the proposal. In other words, any circle member can flag an issue in a proposal and make sure the circle improves the proposal before passing it.

At the same time, circles use consent to elect people into roles like the circle leader, secretary, facilitator or a self-defined operational role. The intention is that only people serve in offices who have the trust of all their coworkers.

A circle will decide by consent what topics they put on their agenda and how much time they spend on each topic.

Rounds: a trademark tool for meetings, rounds refer to the practice of talking one-by-one in meetings until everyone has spoken once in that round. The intention is to hear all voices. At the same time, rounds contribute to more mutual listening and understanding.

Continuous improvement

A set of practices supports the general commitment for continuous improvement of the organization. Examples are performance reviews, meeting evaluations ,or a requirement to set review dates for policies. The intention is for these agreements to be lived and maintained well.

Intentional spaces for feedback encourage a commitment to growth and learning through feedback, both on the organizational level, team, and individual level.

Use and movements within sociocracy

Sociocracy is used in many sectors with a global reach, most common in Europe and the Americas. Specifically, many intentional communities (cohousing and ecovillages) use sociocracy. Some nonprofits, cooperative workplaces like worker cooperatives or non-hierarchical workplaces use sociocracy as well as schools.
Its principles have a resemblance to permaculture and cooperative principles as well as Agile practices. Also, many organizations combine sociocracy with tools like Nonviolent Communication (see article NVC and sociocracy) or other frameworks. Within the sociocratic movement, jargon can differ. (For more information on flavors and distribution of sociocracy worldwide, see "Sociocracy. The Movement").

How does sociocracy differ from consensus or voting? How does it differ from hierarchy?

The difference between consensus and consent is not clear-cut because the practice of consensus varies. The simplistic difference is this: consensus requires agreement. Consent requires that no one disagrees. A circle member that objects will need to state their objections with reference to the circle's aim. Understanding the core of the objection can then improve the proposal.
Another difference is that consensus-run organizations often require the group of all members to make decisions together. This is not the case in sociocracy, where decision making is distributed and decentralized into smaller groups.

Voting (majority vote) and consent differ in that in consent decision-making, the majority cannot outvote the minority. A group will strive to integrate each objection until all members consent. The idea behind that is that minority opinions matter and that majority vote tends to polarize instead of bringing people together.

Hierarchy or top-down decisions are typically autocratic decisions where the superior can overrule the subordinate. This is not the case in sociocracy. Each circle or role will have authority in a defined domain. Since domains are nested, there is a hierarchy of domains but no autocratic relationship between people or roles. The combination of top-down and bottom-up linking between circles leads to circular hierarchy.

Limits of sociocracy and ideal use cases

Consent requires working through issues in a collaborative way. That means that sociocracy requires a commitment to listening, learning, and using its tools. For some, this might require some "un-learning" of practices from more hierarchical contexts.

Because it was developed for organizations, sociocracy works best in organizations that have a certain level of clarity and structure. It works best in organizations where most members are operationally involved and can be part of decision-making circles in an area where they have expertise and experience.

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Sociocracy - basic concepts and principles

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Sociocracy is a governance system, just like democracy or corporate governance methods. It's best suited for organizations that want to self-govern based on the values of equality. Some people refer to sociocracy as Dynamic Self-Governance or simply Dynamic Governance.

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Like slack but open, used a lot in gaming and crypto fields by young people. Recently used a lot during the pandemic as a platform for youth exchanges or a virtual youth centre.

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Discord | Your Place to Talk and Hang Out

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Discord is the easiest way to talk over voice, video, and text. Talk, chat, hang out, and stay close with your friends and communities.

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more fancy and clever google forms

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Free collaborative board platform

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AI-powered visual workspace for team collaboration | Mural

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Boost team collaboration and innovation with Mural, the AI-powered visual workspace. Plan, strategize, and execute projects seamlessly on one intuitive tool.

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Armenian startup! That allows you to cancel any noise but your own voice during the online meetings.

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projectmanagement tool

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Free boards that will improve your personal workflow and your team's workflow.

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wu university have external measurement for social impact awards = provide reports on annual base

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PROJECT MANAGEMENT TOOL - POWERFUL BUT COMPLICATED

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Unit4 Financial Planning & Analysis (FP&A)

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See how Unit4's FP&A software solutions can help you deliver more effective and intuitive financial forecasting and budget management. Contact our team today.

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presentation software that allows you to get a quick feedback/evaluation from participants of in person or online meetings

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Describing and measuring impact – where to begin?

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Describing and measuring impact – where to begin?

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Peter Vandor (WU Wien) presentation @ Impact Hub Vienna

Presentation materials how to measure social impact

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Sexy salad -A COMMUNITY LUNCH thursday, wine down - wine event

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booking meetings

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Nexudus - The best software for managing coworking and flexible workspaces

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We have your back

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Nexudus - The best software for managing coworking and flexible workspaces

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Webinars, videos, a learning database, and the best onboarding team will be behind you to support your transition onto our platform. Our Customer support team also works relentlessly to ensure you feel supported and make the most of your experience with us.

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booking rooms, reservnig phone boots, billing etc.

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OfficeRnD - Flex Space and Hybrid Workplace Management Software

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OfficeRnD helps flex space operators and hybrid teams manage the workplace of the future. Book your demo or start a free 14-day trial.

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Free Marketing online-course for Non Profits

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Free online course for marketing online in non-profit organisations

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You Can Master Nonprofit Marketing Welcome to your community of nonprofit communications pros. Skill up with tips, training, and resources to help you learn your job, love your work, and lead your team! Ready to get started? Answer 2 Questions What We Offer