# data[].attributes.headline
Validity and Reliability Key Terms and Tips

# data[].attributes.subject
Validity and Reliability Key Terms and Tips

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
We've just flicked the switch on moving all our digital resources to instant digital download - via our new subject stores.

For every subject you can now access each digital resource as soon as it is ordered. This will always be the latest edition of each resource too (and we'll update you automatically if there is an upgraded version to use).

Simply add the required resources to your cart, checkout using the usual options and your resources will be available to access immediately via your mytutor2u account.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Topic Video: Research Methods - Interpreting Inferential Statistics | tutor2u Psychology

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
We've just flicked the switch on moving all our digital resources to instant digital download - via our new subject stores. For every subject you can now access each digital resource as soon as it is ordered. This will always be the latest edition of each resource too (and we'll update you automatically if there is an upgraded version to use).

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Psychology had its roots in philosophy and biology, but when German doctor and psychologist William Wundt opened the world's first experimental laboratory at the university of Leipzeg in1879, it marked a turning point: psychology's emergence as a separate and distinct scientific discipline.

Wundt showed that empirical methods could be applied to the study of mental processes.

Empirical methods of research are based on actual experience rather than on theory or belief. It involves gathering data in an objective way so that researchers' preconceptions cannot influence the data. It also measures quantitative details so that patterns can be examined and inferences from the result are credible.

The laboratory experiment

The laboratory experiment is the most important empirical method used in science.

Laboratory experiments allow complete control of variables that might affect the results. Therefore, the researcher can be confident it's only changes in the one variable they manipulate that cause the effect on what they measure.

The control means that methods can be standardised and experiments replicated by other researchers to test they are reliable.

By making inferences from differences (caused by the specific changes he made to the stimuli he presented to them in controlled environments) in his participants' introspections, Wundt showed that the scientific approach could be applied to the study of some aspects of psychology.

Should psychology be a science?

As you learn about the different methods and approaches used by psychologists, you should consider the degree to which they can be considered scientific.

Later in your A-level psychology studies, you will be expected to construct arguments about the strengths and limitations of adopting a scientific approach in psychology.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Emergence of Psychology as a Science: the Laboratory Experiment | tutor2u Psychology

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Psychology had its roots in philosophy and biology, but when German doctor and psychologist William Wundt opened the world's first experimental laboratory at the university of Leipzeg in1879, it marked a turning point: psychology's emergence as a separate and distinct scientific discipline.