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Here is no village, but farther within the island is one, where our Indians inform us we shall find the king, and that he has much gold. I shall penetrate so far as to reach the village and see or speak with the king, who, as they tell us, governs all these islands, and goes dressed, with a great deal of gold about him. I do not, however, give much credit to these accounts, as I understand the natives but imperfectly, and perceive them to be so poor that a trifling quantity of gold appears to them a great amount.

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This island is the most beautiful that I have yet seen, the trees in great number, flourishing and lofty; the land is higher than the other islands, and exhibits an eminence, which though it cannot be called a mountain, yet adds a beauty to its appearance, and gives an indication of streams of water in the interior. From this part toward the northeast is an extensive bay with many large and thick groves. I wished to anchor there, and land, that I might examine those delightful regions, but found the coast shoal, without a possibility of casting anchor except at a distance from the shore. The wind being favorable, I came to the Cape, which I named Hermoso, where I anchored today. This is so beautiful a place, as well as the neighboring regions, that I know not in which course to proceed first; my eyes are never tired with viewing such delightful verdure, and of a species so new and dissimilar to that of our country, and I have no doubt there are trees and herbs here which would be of great value in Spain, as dyeing materials, medicine, spicery, etc., but I am mortified that I have no acquaintance with them.

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European Population vs. Native Population

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European Population vs. Native Population

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Before the Columbian Exchange, Europe's population was at an all-time low due to the Black Plague. Once the exchange happened and new crops were introduced to Europe, the population shot up. Then, with the influx of silver from Spain's expeditions, the economy skyrocketed. Cities began forming and population kept on rising. On the other hand Native populations were dropping at an alarming rate. Due to disease, their populations took a more-than-severe hit.

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Plants and Animals Introduced to the Old World

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Plants and Animals Introduced to the Old World

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Plants
-Maize  -White potatoes

-Sweet potatoes  -Manioc

-Peanuts  -Tomatoes

-Squash  -Pineapples

-Papaya  -Avocados

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Disease didn't have the impact on Europeans that it had on Natives but the Natives did send Europeans home with one thing: Syphilis. This disease wasn't as bad as smallpox but it did have it's effects.

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Domesticated Animal Effects on Europeans

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Domesticated Animal Effects on Europeans

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Domesticated animals brought over by the Europeans helped them in their exploration and then later in their colonization. For example, the Spanish would use their horses to travel around quickly and efficiently as well as use them to conquer Native peoples. Another example is the English would use plow horses to establish farms and would use animals such as cows and pigs for food sources and clothing sources.

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Plants and Animals Introduced to the New World

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Plants and Animals Introduced to the New World

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Plants
-Rice  -Wheat
-Barley   -Oats
-Rye  -Turnips
-Onions  -Cabbage
-Lettuce  -Peaches
-Pears  -Sugar
Animals
-Horses   -Donkeys
-Pigs  -Cattle
-Goats   -Sheep
-Barnyard fowl

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New diseases introduced through European contact such as small pox destroyed Native populations. About 8 in 10 Natives were killed and some historians estimate that 90% of Native populations were killed.

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Domesticated Animal Effects on Native Americans

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Domesticated Animal Effects on Native Americans

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The Columbian Exchange had drastic effects on Native Americans in many ways. Domesticated animals made farming, trading, and hunting easier. For example, horses made it easier for Plains Indians to hunt wild buffalo and move around. For other Natives in the Northeast and Atlantic Seaboard, horses made it easier to farm and trade, as well as travel. Other animals such as cows and pigs were good sources of food and materials for clothing.