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4. Give an example of legislation and judicial systems support the development of roads, canals, and railroads, whichextended and enlarged markets and helped foster regional interdependence?

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4. Give an example of legislation and judicial systems support the development of roads, canals, and railroads, whichextended and enlarged markets and helped foster regional interdependence?

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The Erie Canal which linked New York to the Great Lakes was supported by the governor of New York, DeWitt Clinton. This allowed for it to be created and if he didn't support the canal it is unlikely the canal would have been made anytime close to when and by creating it he increased trade and allowed for the economy to flourish.

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3. Pick one innovation, (textile machinery, steam engines, interchangeable parts, the telegraph, and agriculturalinventions) increase the efficiency of production methods?

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3. Pick one innovation, (textile machinery, steam engines, interchangeable parts, the telegraph, and agriculturalinventions) increase the efficiency of production methods?

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The telegraph allowed for more efficient production methods because it allowed there to be communication between the buyer and the seller. The buyer was able to make a request for something to be made and the seller could fulfill the buyers wish and create the product. This also allowed for an even amount of production so no product would ever be over made.

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2. How did entrepreneurs help create a market revolution in production and commerce, in which market relationshipsbetween producers and consumers came to prevail as the manufacture of goods became more organized?

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2. How did entrepreneurs help create a market revolution in production and commerce, in which market relationshipsbetween producers and consumers came to prevail as the manufacture of goods became more organized?

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Entrepreneurs such as Eli Whitney, the inventor of the cotton gin as well as interchangeable parts allowed for a massive increase in production and commerce. It allowed for once almost impossible to harvest cotton easily processable creating a huge market for it. Before when an item was broken, it was done for. When interchangeable parts were introduced it allowed for items to be fixed instead of trashed after one break. This also made there a greater need for workers.

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1. How did the market revolution effect where international migrants came to AND its effect on the westward movementof Americans?

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1. How did the market revolution effect where international migrants came to AND its effect on the westward movementof Americans?

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During the time of the market revolution, many international immigrants, mostly German and Irish, were running out of land in their home countries but America had more land so they believed they would live better lives in the US which was in need of working bodies such as themselves. This allowed for migrants to easily find work and create a new life but another life that intrigued to immigrants was the life of the unknown out west. Many fairly well off Germans settled out such as Wisconsin where the soil and geography was the same as Germany. Many immigrants were also important in building railroads that helped future generations come out west.

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8. In this chapter, the authors maintain that “clearly the early factory system did not shower its benefits evenly on all.” What relevant historical evidence can you find in this chapter or the previous ones that supports, modifies, or refutes this assertion?

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8. In this chapter, the authors maintain that “clearly the early factory system did not shower its benefits evenly on all.” What relevant historical evidence can you find in this chapter or the previous ones that supports, modifies, or refutes this assertion?

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One observer in 1836 published an article in the newspaper on the conditions of the factories, "The operatives work thirteen hours a day in the summer time, and from daylight to dark in the winter. At half past four in the morning the factory bell rings, and at five the girls must be in the mills... so fatigued... are numbers of girls that they go to bed soon after receiving their evening meal, and endeavor by a comparatively long sleep to resuscitate their weakened frames for the toil of the coming day." The factories not only had terrible working conditions but as well horrible pay. Many worked long hours and didn't make enough money to buy the goods they desired. Many workers sustained injuries in the factory and instead of receiving compensation, they were fired because they were unable to work and then they were out of a job.

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7. How did the growth of manufacturing drive a significant increase in prosperity and standards of living for some? 

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7. How did the growth of manufacturing drive a significant increase in prosperity and standards of living for some? 

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Under Chief Justice Marshall, the supreme court protected contracted rights. New companies found it hard to break into the markets as new companies developed, but after Marshall died this completely transformed. This allowed for more companies have more freedom. As companies became larger, there were more factories which created more jobs for everyday people. People also no longer had to barter for goods or make them for themselves inside the home but instead go out and buy them. People now needed a source of money to survive and they couldn't get away with just making goods themselves. Factories also drastically increased production which led to an increase in goods so more people were able to get hold of them for lower prices. This didn't affect all however. Those who created companies which were successful flourished but those stuck in factory jobs were paid little and could barely afford the now cheap goods.

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6. How did the changes, caused by the market revolution, have on US society, workers’ lives, and gender and family relations? 

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6. How did the changes, caused by the market revolution, have on US society, workers’ lives, and gender and family relations? 

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The Market Revolution truly transformed America. It shifted the economy of America from tiny, scattered farms and tiny workshops into a network on industry and commerce. The new system asked many questions about the economy and how it should be regulated. At first the large companies had almost all power and created monopolies. Later, smaller, new companies and businesses were able to make a name for themselves as Chief Justice said that "the rights of the community" outweighed those of corporate rights. As the economy became more unified, the once important role of the "household economy" diminished. The jobs of women grew less and less important. Advances in technology brought prosperity to many but also widened the economic gap between the upper and lower class. The cities showed the best example of this as many of the people there were unskilled laborers who made close to nothing relative to the owners of the business. It was easier to make something from nothing in America than in other countries but for someone to go from being poor to rich wasn't as common as many think.

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5. Detail the criticism directed towards the new technology for the time, railroads?

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5. Detail the criticism directed towards the new technology for the time, railroads?

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At its first time of creation the railroads gained strong criticism especially from the canal backers. They were looking to protect their investment in the Erie Canal. The York Legislature in 1833 prohibited the railroads from carrying freight for a short period of time. Many considered the railroads to be dangerous first due to the sparks having the potential to fly and catch structures on fire and accidents had the potential to kill many. Also the technology was a major area of concern. The brakes were not able to stop the train arriving at the station sometimes multiple times. Due to numerous differences in the distance between rails, many passengers had to change trains. All of these problems became better and better over time and the criticism lowered.