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Skip to Main Content It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older. This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge. If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results.

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Stay Connected

Sign up for the TVO Learn Newsletter. Discover engaging ways to support learning. Connects families to the Ontario K-12 curriculum.

Active Body, Healthy Mind

Check out these health and wellness resources to foster and support your child's health and wellness during the pandemic. A healthy, active child means a child ready to learn.

Help Your Child Stay on Track with TVO

These free online learning resources make it easier for you to support your child in progressing through the Ontario Curriculum: Math, Language, Science, Social Studies, and more. Understand what your child needs to learn and get started.

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Learn at Home Resources for K to Grade 12 Students

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Support your child's learning with straightforward, engaging and free resources that align with the Ontario curriculum, from Kindergarten to Grade 12.

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All the details from the original Bill Nye The Science Guy series.

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All the details from the original Bill Nye The Science Guy series.

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All the details from the original Bill Nye The Science Guy series.

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All the details from the original Bill Nye The Science Guy series.

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Stay Connected

Sign up for the TVO Learn Newsletter. Discover engaging ways to support learning. Connects families to the Ontario K-12 curriculum.

Active Body, Healthy Mind

Check out these health and wellness resources to foster and support your child's health and wellness during the pandemic. A healthy, active child means a child ready to learn.

Help Your Child Stay on Track with TVO

These free online learning resources make it easier for you to support your child in progressing through the Ontario Curriculum: Math, Language, Science, Social Studies, and more. Understand what your child needs to learn and get started.

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Learn at Home Resources for K to Grade 12 Students

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Support your child's learning with straightforward, engaging and free resources that align with the Ontario curriculum, from Kindergarten to Grade 12.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Stay Connected

Sign up for the TVO Learn Newsletter. Discover engaging ways to support learning. Connects families to the Ontario K-12 curriculum.

Active Body, Healthy Mind

Check out these health and wellness resources to foster and support your child's health and wellness during the pandemic. A healthy, active child means a child ready to learn.

Help Your Child Stay on Track with TVO

These free online learning resources make it easier for you to support your child in progressing through the Ontario Curriculum: Math, Language, Science, Social Studies, and more. Understand what your child needs to learn and get started.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Learn at Home Resources for K to Grade 12 Students

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Support your child's learning with straightforward, engaging and free resources that align with the Ontario curriculum, from Kindergarten to Grade 12.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Stay Connected

Sign up for the TVO Learn Newsletter. Discover engaging ways to support learning. Connects families to the Ontario K-12 curriculum.

Active Body, Healthy Mind

Check out these health and wellness resources to foster and support your child's health and wellness during the pandemic. A healthy, active child means a child ready to learn.

Help Your Child Stay on Track with TVO

These free online learning resources make it easier for you to support your child in progressing through the Ontario Curriculum: Math, Language, Science, Social Studies, and more. Understand what your child needs to learn and get started.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Learn at Home Resources for K to Grade 12 Students

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Support your child's learning with straightforward, engaging and free resources that align with the Ontario curriculum, from Kindergarten to Grade 12.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Stay Connected

Sign up for the TVO Learn Newsletter. Discover engaging ways to support learning. Connects families to the Ontario K-12 curriculum.

Active Body, Healthy Mind

Check out these health and wellness resources to foster and support your child's health and wellness during the pandemic. A healthy, active child means a child ready to learn.

Help Your Child Stay on Track with TVO

These free online learning resources make it easier for you to support your child in progressing through the Ontario Curriculum: Math, Language, Science, Social Studies, and more. Understand what your child needs to learn and get started.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Learn at Home Resources for K to Grade 12 Students

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Support your child's learning with straightforward, engaging and free resources that align with the Ontario curriculum, from Kindergarten to Grade 12.

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Over 1,500 science games, animal profiles, interactive maps and charts, demonstrations, and science narratives.

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Over 1,500 science games, animal profiles, interactive maps and charts, demonstrations, and science narratives.

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Over 1,500 science games, animal profiles, interactive maps and charts, demonstrations, and science narratives.

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Over 1,500 science games, animal profiles, interactive maps and charts, demonstrations, and science narratives.

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Links
Layers of the Earth
Rocks in our World
Rock Cycle
Three Classes of Rocks

Links

Rocks, Minerals & Soils (game)
Rock Hounds

Layers of the Earth

Rocks in our World

The study of rocks and minerals introduces students to the science of geology. By examining different types of rocks and minerals found in the earth's crust, students will learn that the unique characteristics and properties of rocks and minerals are a result of how they were formed. Such properties determine possible uses. It is important that students become aware of how human uses of rocks and minerals not only alter the landscape but also affect the environment in various other ways.

Types of Rocks

Characteristics

Characteristic Relation to Place of Origin

Sedimentary

Flat layers

Composed of pieces that are roughly the same size with pores between these pieces, usually filled with smaller grains

Sometimes contain fossils

Has layers because they are located under or near water and sand forms in layers and becomes rock over time and with pressure

Igneous

Generally have no layers

Have variable textures

Do not contain fossils

No Layers because it cools quickly

Has a variety of textures depending on how quickly it cools

Fossils don't form in them because the animals and plants are burnt up by the lava

Metamorphic

May have alternating bands of light and dark mineral

May be composed predominantly of only one mineral, such as marble or quartzite

Rarely contains fossils

Have a combination of minerals and rocks together because they are either changing from Igneous to Sedimentary or from Sedimentary to Igneous rocks.

They don't have fossils because those fossils changed during the morphing stages.

Rock Cycle

Three Classes of Rocks

By the end of this unit, students should be able to describe the characteristics of the three classes of rocks and explain how their characteristics are related to their origin.

Metamorphic Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
Igneous Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks
Metamorphic rocks may have alternating bands of light and dark minerals, or may be mostly made of only one mineral, such as marble or quartzite, and rarely contain fossils.

Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks often have flat layers, are composed of pieces that are roughly the same size with pores between these pieces that are commonly filled with smaller grains, and sometimes contain fossils.

Igneous Rocks
Igneous rocks generally have no layers, have variable textures, and do not contain fossils.

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Links Layers of the Earth Rocks in our World Rock Cycle Three Classes of Rocks Rocks, Minerals & Soils (game) Rock Hounds The study of rocks and minerals introduces students to the science of geology.

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Teachers, below you will find links to the completed units that I have for grades 1 through 4. Feel free to use as you wish, and to contact me with any questions you may have.

You will find that I try to organize my units such that you do not need any uncommon supplies, and for the most part no resources. I do this to allow these lessons to be taught by anyone, anywhere (I actually received an e-mail from a teacher in Abu Dhabi who uses the lessons). I have also attempted to make the majority of the lessons hands on or student lead lessons. You'll find that nearly every student will become engaged in science when they can get involved. However, the real magic to teaching science is to show your students just how incredible science is, when you love it, they will LOVE it! Teaching is my second career, I was formerly an engineer, and as such I have a huge passion for science. My students feed off of this energy, and the results are amazing. So, get your hands dirty, get on the floor with them, and show them just how awesome science truly is.

If you happen to find any links that do not work, or any typos on the worksheet, please to not hesitate to let me know - my students don't think twice about telling me I have made a mistake ;)

- Mike

I am a grade 7 and 8 science teacher, and have my units fully planned out, however I do not have them set up as easily to share. I have thought about figuring out how to do it, and have put it on my list of things to do... however my wife also has a long list of things for me to do, so it might be a bit before I get grade 7 up here ;)

Below you will find links to the student webpages I post throughout the year:
Grade 7 Introduction and Safety
Pure Substances and Mixtures

Scientific Method and Science Safety

*I do not have the water unit available to share.

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Mr Collinson's Science Resources - Complete Units, Lesson Plans and Worksheets

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Teachers, below you will find links to the completed units that I have for grades 1 through 4. Feel free to use as you wish, and to contact me with any questions you may have. You will find that I try to organize my units such that you do not need any uncommon supplies, and for the most part no resources.

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Teachers, below you will find links to the completed units that I have for grades 1 through 4. Feel free to use as you wish, and to contact me with any questions you may have.

You will find that I try to organize my units such that you do not need any uncommon supplies, and for the most part no resources. I do this to allow these lessons to be taught by anyone, anywhere (I actually received an e-mail from a teacher in Abu Dhabi who uses the lessons). I have also attempted to make the majority of the lessons hands on or student lead lessons. You'll find that nearly every student will become engaged in science when they can get involved. However, the real magic to teaching science is to show your students just how incredible science is, when you love it, they will LOVE it! Teaching is my second career, I was formerly an engineer, and as such I have a huge passion for science. My students feed off of this energy, and the results are amazing. So, get your hands dirty, get on the floor with them, and show them just how awesome science truly is.

If you happen to find any links that do not work, or any typos on the worksheet, please to not hesitate to let me know - my students don't think twice about telling me I have made a mistake ;)

- Mike

I am a grade 7 and 8 science teacher, and have my units fully planned out, however I do not have them set up as easily to share. I have thought about figuring out how to do it, and have put it on my list of things to do... however my wife also has a long list of things for me to do, so it might be a bit before I get grade 7 up here ;)

Below you will find links to the student webpages I post throughout the year:
Grade 7 Introduction and Safety
Pure Substances and Mixtures

Scientific Method and Science Safety

*I do not have the water unit available to share.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Mr Collinson's Science Resources - Complete Units, Lesson Plans and Worksheets

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Teachers, below you will find links to the completed units that I have for grades 1 through 4. Feel free to use as you wish, and to contact me with any questions you may have. You will find that I try to organize my units such that you do not need any uncommon supplies, and for the most part no resources.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Teachers, below you will find links to the completed units that I have for grades 1 through 4. Feel free to use as you wish, and to contact me with any questions you may have.

You will find that I try to organize my units such that you do not need any uncommon supplies, and for the most part no resources. I do this to allow these lessons to be taught by anyone, anywhere (I actually received an e-mail from a teacher in Abu Dhabi who uses the lessons). I have also attempted to make the majority of the lessons hands on or student lead lessons. You'll find that nearly every student will become engaged in science when they can get involved. However, the real magic to teaching science is to show your students just how incredible science is, when you love it, they will LOVE it! Teaching is my second career, I was formerly an engineer, and as such I have a huge passion for science. My students feed off of this energy, and the results are amazing. So, get your hands dirty, get on the floor with them, and show them just how awesome science truly is.

If you happen to find any links that do not work, or any typos on the worksheet, please to not hesitate to let me know - my students don't think twice about telling me I have made a mistake ;)

- Mike

I am a grade 7 and 8 science teacher, and have my units fully planned out, however I do not have them set up as easily to share. I have thought about figuring out how to do it, and have put it on my list of things to do... however my wife also has a long list of things for me to do, so it might be a bit before I get grade 7 up here ;)

Below you will find links to the student webpages I post throughout the year:
Grade 7 Introduction and Safety
Pure Substances and Mixtures

Scientific Method and Science Safety

*I do not have the water unit available to share.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Mr Collinson's Science Resources - Complete Units, Lesson Plans and Worksheets

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Teachers, below you will find links to the completed units that I have for grades 1 through 4. Feel free to use as you wish, and to contact me with any questions you may have. You will find that I try to organize my units such that you do not need any uncommon supplies, and for the most part no resources.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Teachers, below you will find links to the completed units that I have for grades 1 through 4. Feel free to use as you wish, and to contact me with any questions you may have.

You will find that I try to organize my units such that you do not need any uncommon supplies, and for the most part no resources. I do this to allow these lessons to be taught by anyone, anywhere (I actually received an e-mail from a teacher in Abu Dhabi who uses the lessons). I have also attempted to make the majority of the lessons hands on or student lead lessons. You'll find that nearly every student will become engaged in science when they can get involved. However, the real magic to teaching science is to show your students just how incredible science is, when you love it, they will LOVE it! Teaching is my second career, I was formerly an engineer, and as such I have a huge passion for science. My students feed off of this energy, and the results are amazing. So, get your hands dirty, get on the floor with them, and show them just how awesome science truly is.

If you happen to find any links that do not work, or any typos on the worksheet, please to not hesitate to let me know - my students don't think twice about telling me I have made a mistake ;)

- Mike

I am a grade 7 and 8 science teacher, and have my units fully planned out, however I do not have them set up as easily to share. I have thought about figuring out how to do it, and have put it on my list of things to do... however my wife also has a long list of things for me to do, so it might be a bit before I get grade 7 up here ;)

Below you will find links to the student webpages I post throughout the year:
Grade 7 Introduction and Safety
Pure Substances and Mixtures

Scientific Method and Science Safety

*I do not have the water unit available to share.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Mr Collinson's Science Resources - Complete Units, Lesson Plans and Worksheets

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Teachers, below you will find links to the completed units that I have for grades 1 through 4. Feel free to use as you wish, and to contact me with any questions you may have. You will find that I try to organize my units such that you do not need any uncommon supplies, and for the most part no resources.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Reproduction

Tomatoes belong to a group of plants known as flowering plants, also called angiosperms. The tomato plant reproduces sexually. This means that it needs both female and male organs to produce seeds.

Every tomato seed has a tiny tomato plant inside. When the conditions are just right, tomato seeds will germinate. When the seed germinates, the radicle, or young root breaks out of the seed and grows down into the ground. Cotyledons, or seed leaves then grow up out of the ground towards the sun. Soon the plant develops its first true leaves, then more leaves and flower buds. On mature tomato plants, flowers develop. This is where sexual reproduction occurs.

Diagram of the tomato life cycle (©2020 Let's Talk Science).

Graphic - Text Version

The life cycle starts from seeds. As the plant grows and matures, flowers develop. After pollination and fertilization, fruits develop. These contain seeds, allowing for the life cycle to start again.

Flower Structure

Flowers are important for reproduction and the production of seeds. A tomato flower is sometimes called a perfect flower because both male and female organs are located inside it.

Diagram of a tomato flower and its fruit (© 2020 Let's Talk Science).

Graphic - Text Version

The ovary inside the flower develops into the tomato fruit that we eat. The petals, stamens, and stigma dry up and fall off as the fruit matures

The tomato flower has four main parts:

1. Sepal:This part protects the bud before it opens. It is green and it is first visible when the bud forms.

2. Petal: This is the part of the flower that attracts insect pollinators. In tomato flowers, the petals are usually yellow.

3. Stamen: This is the male part of the flower. It usually has a filament with an anther at the top. The anther is covered with pollen. Pollen contains the male genetic information. In tomato flowers, the stamens are fused together into a yellow, tube-shaped structure.

4. Pistil: This is the female part of the flower. It consists of the stigma, style, and ovary. It is located at the centre of the flower, inside the tube of stamens.

The female reproductive organ is the ovary. It is located at the base of the pistil. The ovary contains ovules. Once the ovules are fertilized, an embryo can develop and form the seeds that will be found inside the tomato fruit.

Fruit Development

For flowers to develop into the tomato fruit that we eat, two things need to happen: pollination and fertilization.

1. Pollination: This is a process where pollen, from the anthers, is placed onto the stigma. This can be done by the wind, called wind pollination, or by insect pollinators through buzz pollination.
Buzz pollination occurs when an insect pollinator, like a bee, lands on a flower and vibrates its flight muscles. This can shake pollen loose from the anther. Some of these pollen grains may land in other flowers, resulting in pollination.

2. Fertilization: This process is when male reproductive cells from the pollen and female reproductive cells from the ovule combine. This is like when sperm and egg cells combine in animals. In plants, these cells are called gametes Two gametes come together in the ovary and develop into a seed. The seed contains the embryo, endosperm, and seed coat Once the seeds are formed, the tomato life cycle can begin all over again.

Did you know?

Not all insects can buzz-pollinate. For example, bumblebees can pollinate tomato flowers, but honeybees can't. Honeybees also don't visit tomato flowers because they have no nectar to feed on.

Bumblebee pollinating a tomato flower (Source: SimplyCreativePhotography via iStockphoto).

Fruit or Vegetable?

Is tomato a fruit or a vegetable? In cooking, tomato is considered a vegetable mostly because it is not sweet and not usually used in desserts. But in botany, tomato is a fruit. Fruit is defined as a part of a plant that develops from a flower's ovary and has seeds. Since a tomato develops from its flower's ovary and it has seeds inside, it is a fruit.

Glossary

Angiosperm: Flowering plant.

Anther: The part of the stamen where pollen is produced.

Buzz Pollination: A process where some insects land on flowers and shake pollen off of stamens by contracting their flight muscles causing vibrations.

Cotyledon: The part of an embryonic plant that will become the first leaves. These are also known as seed leaves.

Embryo: The tiny, immature plant inside a seed.

Endosperm: The part of a seed that stores food to be used by the embryo during germination.

Fertilization: The process when two gametes come together and develop into a seed.

Gametes: Cells that can fuse together during sexual reproduction. Each cell contains half the genetic information for the new plant. In flowering plants, the male gamete is in the pollen and the female gamete is in the ovule.

Germination: The process of a plant starting to grow from a seed. This usually happens after a period of dormancy. Good environmental conditions are important to start germination.

Filament: The part of the stamen that supports the anther.

Ovary: The part of the pistil that contains the ovules.

Ovule: A structure located within the female ovary. It contains female genetic information and can develop into a seed after fertilization.

Pedicel: The stem that attaches a flower to the main plant.

Petal: This is the part of the flower that attracts insect pollinators. In tomato flowers, the petals usually are yellow in colour.

Pistil: The female part of the flower. It is made up of the stigma, style, ovary and the ovules, which contain the female genetic information.

Pollen: Pollen contains the male genetic information. It is found on the anther at the top of the filament, which is part of the stamen.

Radicle: The part of an embryo that will become the root.

Seed Coat: The protective covering of a seed.

Seedling: The young plant that develops from a seed.

Sepal: This green part of the flower protects the bud before it opens.

Sexual Reproduction: In plants, this sort of reproduction happens when male pollen is deposited on female plant organs to produce seeds.

Stamen: This is the male part of the flower. It is made up of the filament and the anther, which is covered in pollen.

Stigma: This is where the pollen is deposited to allow fertilization. It is part of the pistil, the female reproductive organ, and is at the top of the style, above the ovary.

Style: The part of the pistil above the ovary and below the stigma.

Wind Pollination: A process where flowers are pollinated with the help of wind.

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Tomatoes belong to a group of plants known as flowering plants, also called angiosperms . The tomato plant reproduces sexually. This means that it needs both female and male organs to produce seeds. Every tomato seed has a tiny tomato plant inside. When the conditions are just right, tomato seeds will germinate .