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Τι είναι ο κορωνοϊος

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Τι είναι ο κορωνοϊος

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Κορωνοϊός

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Although there are hundreds of known coronaviruses, only seven of them are known to infect humans, each with varying symptoms. While characteristics of the latest Covid-19 virus make it very successful at infecting humans, there are also traits that may allow us to better control it.

The coronavirus is here to stay. How can we prevent getting infected? Watch this in a Nutshell lesson:
The Coronavirus Explained & What You Should Do. You should now have an even better awareness of how to potentially protect yourself against infection.

The Center for Disease Control is always an fantastic place to start when you want to find out information on a disease or emerging worldwide health trend. Click here and find out more information on COVID-19.

John Hopkins Medicine has a coronavirus site based on the COVID-19 pandemic. Visit it to find out symptoms, ways to avoid infection, and how it has spread worldwide.

Wondering about the effectiveness of vaccines? Watch this TED Ed lesson: Why do we need to get a flu shot every year?

Effective handwashing can actually prevent the spread of viruses. What does that mean? Watch these videos from the Center for Disease control.

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For almost a decade, scientists chased the source of a deadly new virus through China's tallest mountains and most isolated caverns. They finally found it in the bats of Shitou Cave. The virus in question was a coronavirus that caused an epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS, in 2003.

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Εξηγώντας τον κορωνοϊό

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Εξηγώντας τον κορωνοϊό

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Κορωνοϊός

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At the onset of this disease, it was largely viewed as a problem for someone somewhere else to handle. Even when diagnoses of illness, community transmission, and deaths increased it was still largely considered a faraway problem. Once cases began being reported beyond borders, it was as if a Darwin bomb went off and people began to devolve. As a result, civility and respectful public interaction were replaced with long lines at stores, hoarding, racism, and profiteering. In your opinion, what are the lessons to learn from these behaviours that can be then applied to prevent these problems in the future?

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The coronavirus explained and how you can combat it

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The coronavirus or COVID-19 pandemic is impacting every nation on Earth. Whether it is the deadly nature and rapid transmission of this new virus or the life-changing economic impacts being felt around the world, we are being called into action to cure a new disease and to reconsider how we as humans interact.

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Κύτταρο vs Ιός

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Κύτταρο vs Ιός

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Ιοί

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Let's Begin...

All living things are made of cells. In the human body, these highly efficient units are protected by layer upon layer of defense against icky invaders like the cold virus. Shannon Stiles takes a journey into the cell, introducing the microscopic arsenal of weapons and warriors that play a role in the battle for your health.

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Cell vs. virus: A battle for health - Shannon Stiles

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All living things are made of cells. In the human body, these highly efficient units are protected by layer upon layer of defense against icky invaders like the cold virus. Shannon Stiles takes a journey into the cell, introducing the microscopic arsenal of weapons and warriors that play a role in the battle for your health.

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Πώς γίνεται η διάγνωση μόλυνσης από ιό

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Πώς γίνεται η διάγνωση μόλυνσης από ιό

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PCR, διαγνωστικές μέθοδοι

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Scientists and researchers are currently using two main viral testing techniques. These tests work differently and can determine which individuals are currently or have previously been infected by a specific virus. Can these viral testing results potentially be used to create a treatment?

The PCR technique was discovered by Kary Mullis in the mid 1980's. As a result of his revolutionary work to create massive quantities of genetic material, such as DNA, he received the 1993 Nobel Prize in chemistry. Many scientists have embraced this simple technology which has been adapted to suit many other applications related to health and science.

The first immunoassay was described by Solomon Berson and Rosalyn Yalow in 1959. They received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1977 due to this work. Since then, the work with immunoassays has changed and evolved significantly. Immunoassays play a vital role in many clinics and laboratories, the pharmaceutical industry, environmental monitoring, security, and food testing. To learn about the history and future applications of immunoassays check out this Pub Med article.

Both of these tests are currently being used to get genetic information from new and past viruses and bacterial diseases. To read more about how reliable these genetic tests are, check out this article from the National Public Radio (NPR). Click on this article to learn more about COVID-19 viral testing and how it has been used in the past.

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How do you know if you have a virus? - Cella Wright

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A new virus emerges and spreads like wildfire. In order to contain it, researchers must first collect data about who's been infected. Two main viral testing techniques are critical: one tells you if you have the virus and the other shows if you've already had it. So, how exactly do these tests work?

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Πώς λειτουργεί το ανοσοποιητικό σύστημα

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Πώς λειτουργεί το ανοσοποιητικό σύστημα

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Ανοσοποιητικό

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The immune system is so vital that it underpins our very survival. This article from the National Library of Medicine, and this one from Nobelprize.org, will give you a good overview of its importance in our daily life. Here you can learn in even greater detail about its many components, including many of the complicated interactions between its different cells and tissue types.

Key to the immune system's success is the lymphatic system. See here to learn more about lymph--the fluid this system carries around--and lymph nodes, which work together to transport, store, and enable communication between immune cells in the body. Speaking of cells, the immune system is packed with an abundance of cell types so that it can carry out a well-orchestrated attack against invaders. Here, you can learn more about leukocytes overall, and the different cell categories they can be split into. Read here to learn more about lymphocytes--including the defensive T-cells and B-cells--and phagocytes, which include macrophages and dendritic cells.

Probably the most fascinating aspect of the immune response is the interaction between immune cells, antigens, and the production of antibodies. Here, you can also read about how these antigens are processed and presented to other cells to inform them of the threat. If you're interested in learning more about how the immune cells make antibodies, this source explains that process.

The overall immune response can actually be split into two main types: innate immunity, and adaptive immunity. The first describes all the immediate defense mechanisms that come into play within hours of the invaders entering your body. Adaptive immunity, on the other hand, occurs over a longer period of time and is designed to gradually build up your defenses against some threats in order to make you less susceptible next time they strike. This video from the Khan Academy explains, in detail, the different roles that these two types play.

But as we now know, this doesn't work so well for everyone. Autoimmune diseases are widespread and relatively common: here and here you can read all about these disorders and the many different forms they take.

Keen to learn more? Why not watch this TED Ed video about how cells battle viruses in your body, or this one, which explores the fascinating reasons why you feel uncomfortable, sore, and grouchy when you are sick.

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How does the immune system work? - Emma Bryce

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Inside you, a daily battle is being waged and your immune system is at the frontline. Most of the time, you may not even notice it's there, but over the course of your life your immune system will guard you against hundreds of potentially fatal threats.

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Ποιος είναι ο μηχανισμός δράσης των εμβολίων;

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Ποιος είναι ο μηχανισμός δράσης των εμβολίων;

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Εμβόλια

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Ποιος είναι ο μηχανισμός δράσης των εμβολίων;

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Το πρώτο εμβόλιο δημιουργήθηκε όταν ο Έντουαρντ Τζένερ, ένας Άγγλος γιατρός κι επιστήμονας, έκανε επιτυχώς ένεση με μικρή ποσότητα του ιού της δαμαλίτιδας σε ένα μικρό αγόρι για να το προστατεύσει από τον συγγενή (και φονικό) ιό της ευλογιάς. Αλλά πώς λειτουργεί αυτή η φαινομενικά αντιφατική διαδικασία; Η Κελίν Δανασαρνσομπάτ εξηγεί την επιστήμη πίσω από τα εμβόλια.