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Before the burning of Nalanda, it was one of the best universities in the world. People worldwide would travel to India to study in the incredible library that the university had to offer. But unfortunately, Bakhtiyar Khilji and his Muslim army set a match to the library, which was burned to ash. Khilji was a brutal military general who wreaked havoc on northern India and led the Muslim conquests of the eastern Indian regions of Bengal and Bihar, and established himself as their ruler. He was the founder of the Khalji dynasty of Bengal, which ruled Bengal for a short period, from 1203 to 1227 CE. Khalji's aggression of the Indian subcontinent between A.D. 1197 and 1206 led to mass flight and murder of Buddhist monks. They caused severe damage to the traditionally Buddhist establishments of higher learning in Northern India. In Bengal, Khalji's reign was responsible for the displacement of Buddhism by Islam. (154)

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Bakhtiyar Khalji went to Nalanda University because he recently captured some areas ruled by Buddhists in North India shortly after becoming pretty ill. Even after treatment, he was still very sick. Later, someone had advised him to seek treatment from Acharya Rahul Sribhadra, head of the Ayurveda department of Nalanda University. However, Khalji was shocked by this and had more faith in his princes. He was unwilling to believe that Indian physicians have more knowledge than his wife and their masters. However, Khalji later gave in and went to Nalanda to get help. Although he sought help, Khalji had a strange demand that Vaidyaraj had to abide by, that Khalji would not consume any medicine given by Vaidyaraj. The whole treatment must be done medication free. Vaidyaraj agreed to his terms and continued with the treatment. After the treatment, Khalji was shocked that it was successful and that an Indian scholar and teacher had more knowledge than his princes and countryman. After this, he decided to destroy the roots of Buddhism and Ayurveda by burning the great library of Nalanda, killing about 9 million manuscripts.

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The outcome of Khaljis' actions left Nalanda University set to ashes. Khaljis' motive was to rid India of Buddhism because he was very avid about his Islamic culture. Furthermore, when Buddhism proved his beliefs to be stronger, at least in medical abilities, it upset him. It caused him to make the irrational decision to burn the Buddhist University of Nalanda. By burning the books, he was trying to end any religion that was a potential threat to his Islamic beliefs. In the end, he did accomplish the destruction of Nalanda, which does not seem like it is a victory, but for the people who wanted to abolish any opposing religions, then it could be. But what Khalji did was quite unfair since the Vaidyaraj didn't have to help Khalji recover from his sickness. And he still repaid him by burning down the University's library and all of the precious documents and novels inside.

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Works Cited

“11 Book Burning Stories That Will Break Your Heart.” Www.mentalfloss.com, 11 Apr. 2013, www.mentalfloss.com/article/50038/11-book-burning-stories-will-break-your-heart.

Anant. “Who Destroyed Nalanda University and Why?” Kreately, 9 Nov. 2020, kreately.in/who-destroyed-nalanda-university-and-why/#:~:text=After%20recovering%20khilji%20was%20shocked. Accessed 22 Mar. 2022.

“Ikhtiyar Uddin Muhammad Bin Bakhtiyar Khilji.” Military Wiki, military-history.fandom.com/wiki/Ikhtiyar_Uddin_Muhammad_bin_Bakhtiyar_Khilji. Accessed 21 Mar. 2022.

“Nalanda | History & Facts | Britannica.” Www.britannica.com, www.britannica.com/topic/Nalanda.