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a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

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35mm) film is a small-format photographic film used in single-lens reflex cameras (SLRs), film cameras, rangefinders, and disposable cameras.

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a camera fitted with two lenses optically corrected to make them identical in their application.

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a darkened box with a convex lens or aperture for projecting the image of an external object onto a screen inside. It is important historically in the development of photography.

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(DOP) is a monochrome imaging process based on the light sensitivity of silver halides.

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a room or building for the display or sale of works of art

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a keeper or custodian of a museum or other collection

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a building in which objects of historical, scientific, artistic, or cultural interest are stored and exhibited.

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the workshop of a photographer, which may include the retail sale of portraits and/or photographs produced by the photographer and a photography shop.

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a public display of works of art or items of interest, held in an art gallery or museum or at a trade fair.

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Line is a point that continues; it implies motion. Lines are open and lead the eyes into a photograph or to an interesting point of the photo.

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A shape is created when the ends of a line meet, forming an enclosed area.

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The definition of color is a component of light that is separated when it is reflected off of an object.

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The rule of space relates to the direction the subject of the photograph is moving in, or even just looking in.

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texture is the visual depiction of variations in the color, shape, and depth of an object's surface.

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Value defines how light or dark a given color or hue can be.

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Form refers to when shape takes on three dimensions.

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Balance is a composition technique that arranges elements within the frame to achieve equal visual weight across the image.

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Variety is about varying elements and objects in your image, to avoid making them boring.

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Pattern in Photography is a regularity within a scene. It's elements of the scene that repeat themselves in a predictable way.

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Proportion in photography is usually comparing size of objects, or the amount of one thing to the whole.

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Movement in photography simply refers to elements of a photo that are moving (or appear to be moving).

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A photograph with perfect unity or harmony is one that is so well presented, where no part of it feels out of place or unnecessary

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Emphasis​is defined as an area or object within the artwork that draws attention and becomes a ​focal point.

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symmetry around a central axis, as in a starfish or a tulip flower.

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the quality of being made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis.

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lack of equality or equivalence between parts or aspects of something; lack of symmetry.

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the fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.

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existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence.

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The phrase cool color is used to describe any color that is calm or soothing in nature

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The phrase warm color is used to describe any color that is vivid or bold in nature.

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Neutral colors are muted shades that appear to lack color but often have underlying hues that change with different lighting.

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1. a color that combined with a given color makes white or black.

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having or consisting of one color or hue. 2 : consisting of radiation of a single wavelength or of a very small range of wavelengths.

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An image gradient is a directional change in the intensity or color in an image.

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Constructive criticism focuses on providing constructive feedback, supported by specific examples, to help you improve in some area.

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the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own.

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elating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with these.

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Based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions. Objective: (of a person or their judgement) not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering and representing facts.

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Copyrights primarily protect the rights of people who create literary, dramatic, musical, artistic, and certain other intellectual works (like history tests, and software code). Trademarks protect the use of a company's name and its product names, brand identity (like logos) and slogans.

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The rule of thirds is a "rule of thumb" for composing visual images such as designs, films, paintings, and photographs.

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“Leading lines are a compositional technique where human-made or natural lines lead the viewer's eyes through a photograph to the subject or the heart of the image

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The golden ratio is a composition guide. Some people call it the Fibonacci spiral, golden spiral, phi grid, divine proportion, or the golden mean. It helps to lead the viewer through the entire photo.

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Negative space, in art, is the empty space around and between the subject of an image. Negative space may be most evident when the space around a subject, not the subject itself, forms an interesting

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Positive space refers to the subject or areas of interest in an artwork, such as a person's face or figure in a portrait, the objects in a still life painting, or the trees in a landscape painting. Negative space is the background or the area that surrounds the subject of the work.

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a painting, especially an altarpiece, on two hinged wooden panels which may be closed like a book.

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a picture or relief carving on three panels, typically hinged together side by side and used as an altarpiece.

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a method of projection in which an object is depicted or a surface mapped using parallel lines to project its shape onto a plane.

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Barrel distortion describes a type of distortion wherein lines that are straight in real life appear to curve inwards

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istortion (as by an optical instrument or television receiver) in which the image of a straight line appears to be curved convexly toward the axis — compare barrel distortion.

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ISO is your camera's sensitivity to light as it pertains to either film or a digital sensor. A lower ISO value means less sensitivity to light, while a higher ISO means more sensitivity.

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The ASA (American Standards Association) scale is an arbitrary rating of film speed; that is, the sensitivity of the film to light. If everything else is kept constant, the required exposure time is inversely proportional to the ASA rating.

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An image sensor or imager is a sensor that detects and conveys information used to make an image. It does so by converting the variable attenuation of light waves into signals,

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Film grain or granularity is the random optical texture of processed photographic film due to the presence of small particles of a metallic silver, or dye clouds, developed from silver halide that have received enough photons. While film grain is a function of such particles it is not the same thing as such

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Image noise is random variation of brightness or color information in images, and is usually an aspect of electronic noise. It can be produced by the image sensor and circuitry of a scanner or digital camera. Image noise can also originate in film grain and in the unavoidable shot noise of an ideal photon detector.

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a space through which light passes in an optical or photographic instrument, especially the variable opening by which light enters a camera.

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1. a camera setting corresponding to a particular f-number.

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The focal length of an optical system is a measure of how strongly the system converges or diverges light; it is the inverse of the system's optical power. A positive focal length indicates that a system converges light, while a negative focal length indicates that the system diverges light.

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1. the distance between the nearest and the furthest objects that give an image judged to be in focus in a camera.

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the visual quality of the out-of-focus areas of a photographic image, especially as rendered by a particular lens.

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illumination from behind.

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In optics, a diffuser is any material that diffuses or scatters light in some manner to transmit soft light. Diffused light can be easily obtained by reflecting light from a white surface, while more compact diffusers may use translucent material, including ground glass, teflon, opal glass, and greyed glass.

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Ambient lighting is essentially indirect lighting. A soft light that is reflected off the ceiling. It reduces the shadows on people's faces and fills the room with equal brightness, opening up the architecture and drawing people in. Ambient light may be produced in a number of ways.Oct

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an effect of contrasted light and shadow created by light falling unevenly or from a particular direction on something.

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the dark shape and outline of someone or something visible against a lighter background, especially in dim light.

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Auto Mode. Automatic Exposure is when the camera chooses the optimum shutter speed, aperture, ISO and flash settings for your shot. All you need to do is point and shoot.

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In program mode the camera selects and sets both the shutter speed and the aperture. For any given brightness of light, the camera has been programmed to set a specific combination of shutter speed and aperture. In low light, for example, the camera might set 1/30 second and f4.

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Manual exposure is what is achieved when a photographer uses a camera in manual mode. Manual mode requires the photographer to make all the decisions that determine an image's exposure, as opposed to an automatic or semi-automatic mode that makes at least some of the calls for the photography.

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Shutter priority, also called time value, refers to a setting on cameras that allows the user to choose a specific shutter speed while the camera adjusts the aperture to ensure correct exposure.

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Aperture priority, often abbreviated A or Av on a camera mode dial, is a mode on some cameras that allows the user to set a specific aperture value while the camera selects a shutter speed to match it that will result in proper exposure based on the lighting conditions as measured by the camera's light meter.

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Long exposure photography is the name given to the technique in which the camera's shutter is left open during a somewhat lengthy period of time.

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1. denoting the photographic technique of taking a sequence of frames at set intervals to record changes that take place slowly over time. When the frames are shown at normal speed, or in quick succession, the action seems much faster.

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Spot metering allows the camera to measure the light reflected from the person's face and expose properly for that, instead of adjusting exposure for the much brighter light around the hairline. With the face properly exposed, the area around the back and hairline will become over-exposed.

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Light painting, painting with light, light drawing, or light art performance photography are terms that describe photographic techniques of moving a light source while taking a long-exposure photograph,

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In cinematography and photography panning means swivelling a still or video camera horizontally from a fixed position. This motion is similar to the motion of a person when they turn their head on their neck from left to right.

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Burst mode, also called continuous shooting mode, sports mode, continuous mode, or burst shot, is a shooting mode in still cameras where several photos are captured in quick succession by either pressing the shutter button or holding it down.

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By definition 18% gray is the “mid-point between black and white on a logarithmic or exponential curve.” Think of it this way; it is simply halfway between black and white.

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Partial metering covers only the centre 6.2% of the frame in the viewfinder, thus providing precise metering only for the subject. When the background is brighter than the subject due to reasons like back lighting, this metering mode is particularly useful. It is useful for back-lit shots or tiny subjects.

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Term: Description: Center weighted metering is a camera metering mode. Center weighted metering places the highest importance in determining a correct exposure on information contained in the center of the frame.

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Matrix/Evaluative metering is the most complex and modern way of metering a scene. It collects data from across the entire frame and even gives priority to your focus point. I prefer using this mode as it is the most reliable way of metering in most situations.

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Noun. midtone (plural midtones) (photography, art) A medium tone, one that is neither very dark nor very light.

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Highlights are the lightest elements in an image, whereas shadows are the darkest areas. Dynamic range is the ratio between those vivid highlights and dark shadows, from bright white to pure black. That range is key to an image's depth and drama. If a photo has poor dynamic range, the image can appear flat or gray.

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a small illustration or portrait photograph which fades into its background without a definite border.

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a brownish tone imparted to a photograph, esp an early one such as a calotype. It can be produced by first bleaching a print (after fixing) and then immersing it for a short time in a solution of sodium sulphide or of alkaline thiourea.

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Autofocus (AF) points are what you use to determine where the camera will be focusing the image.

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Shadows change shape, intensity, and even color along with the angle, direction, and temperature of light. Any photo that uses shadows as a prominent part of the composition — to enhance the contrast of a subject or as the subject itself — is shadow photography.

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Basically, when you bracket your shots you take exactly the same picture of your subject at several different exposures.

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n photography, exposure value (EV) is a number that represents a combination of a camera's shutter speed and f-number, such that all combinations that yield the same exposure have the same EV (for any fixed scene luminance).

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Description: Term: Grey Card White Balance Description: A grey card is a tool that photographers use to adjust white balance (and exposure) settings for accurate color in-camera or during post-production.

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Exposure compensation basically helps you override automatic exposure adjustments your camera makes in situations with uneven light distribution, filters, non-standard processing, or underexposure or overexposure. It lets you take control of your image's brightness by manually increasing or decreasing exposure.

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Workspace Switcher displays a visual representation of your workspaces, as shown in Figure 4–3. Figure 4–3 shows the Workspace Switcher when the Java Desktop System session contains four workspaces. Your workspaces appear as buttons on the panel application.

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1. (in a program with a graphical user interface) a strip of icons used to perform certain functions.

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A tool palette is a graphical user interface (GUI) element used to group together special functions in an application, usually of the kind used to create and edit media such as photo and video editing software, sketch and painting applications, 3-D modeling and animation and CAD applications.

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Menu Bar. This is where you'll access different commands to use in Photoshop. For example, from the File menu, you can open and save files. The Image menu allows you to make various adjustments like image size, while the Filter menu gives you access to more advanced tools and effects.

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Move tool. This tool is used to move the selected area or the entire layer simply by dragging it with your mouse or using your keyboard arrow keys. ...

Rectangular Marquee tool. This tool is also a selection tool. ...

Lasso Tool. This tool is also a selection tool. ...

Crop Tool. ...

Object Selection Tool.

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Crop an image. The Crop tool removes the part of an image surrounding the selection. Crop to remove distractive background elements and create a focus on your desired object in the image.

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What is the image aspect ratio? The aspect ratio is the proportional relationship between an image's width and height.

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The amount of detail in an image. Digital images are measured by the number of pixels per inch (ppi). For printing, resolution is measured by the number of dots printed in a linear inch (dpi).

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Digital images are measured by the number of pixels per inch (ppi). For printing, resolution is measured by the number of dots printed in a linear inch (dpi). The higher the resolution, the larger the file size

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Straight Out Of Camera

SOOC is an abbreviation of the photography term “Straight Out Of Camera”, simply meaning that an image can be good enough to print straight from the camera without further processing.