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Martorell, Gabriella. Child. 3rd ed., McGraw Hill, 2023.

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Thank you for reading through my Padlet over Erikson's Psychosocial Development.

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Main Points

Age Range: 65 -Death

Virtue: Wisdom

Negative Outcome: Dissatisfaction

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"Elderly person achieves acceptance of own life, allowing acceptance of death, or else despairs over inability to relive life." - Page 14

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In this stage, many have reached retirement and are thinking of how they lived their younger years. Many are happy with the choices they made while others have regrets.

Regarding my personal life, even though I have not yet reached this stage, I believe that when I do reach this stage, I reflect back on my younger years in awe and adoration. I will be proud of my accomplishments.

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Main Points

Age Range: Middle Adulthood

Virtue: Care

Negative Outcome: Unproductive

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"Mature adult is concerned with establishing and guiding the next generation or else feels personal impoverishment." - Page 14

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Regarding this stage, many who are experiencing this stage are either in a prosperous career and overall, happy with their life. However, some may not be in a prosperous career, and may be wondering what direction their life is going.

On a personal note, even though I am not experiencing this stage, I believe that when I am in this stage, I will be happy in my chosen career field.

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Main Points

Age Range: Young Adulthood

Virtue: Love

Negative Outcome: Isolation/Unhappiness

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"Person seeks to make commitments to others or may suffer from isolation and self-absorption." - Page 14

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In this stage, many are either finding love and marital bliss or are experiencing being lonely and unhappy.

Regarding my personal life, even though I am just beginning this stage, I can say that I am happy even though I do not have a significant other. However, I can expect to be happy if I ever do have a significant other as I get older. However, and I don't mean to say however too many times, if I never find a significant other, I believe that I will be okay with that because I enjoy being happy by myself.

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Main Points
Age Range: Puberty to Young Adulthood
Virtue: Fidelity
Negative Outcome: Rebellion
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"Adolescent must determine sense of self (" Who am I") or experience confusion about roles." - Page 14

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In this stage, adolescents are trying to establish their own identities in a time of their lives when they are experiencing confusion as to what roles they play in society as a whole.

When a person experiences fidelity, this means that the person is confident in knowing what occupation they wish to have in life.

However, if one does not know what occupation they wish to have in life, some may feel the instinct to rebel in an effort to find who they really are. Some rebel to escape the pressures put on them by their parents.

From my own personal experience and from currently being in this age range, I believe that I express fidelity because I am confident in who I am as a person and know that I want to earn my bachelor's degree in elementary education.

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Main Points

Age Range: Six Years Old to Puberty

Virtue: Competence

Negative Outcome: Inferiority

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"Child must learn skills of the culture or face feelings of incompetence." - Page 14

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In this stage, children are very receptive on the feedback they are receiving from their teachers and their peers. For example, children are learning about the activities they are good at such as fishing.

When children receive positive feedback from adults, many children will view themselves in a positive light.

When children receive negative feedback from adults, and they know that they are not receiving as positive feedback like their fellow classmates are, some children will view themselves in a negative light. Therefore, many students will not set high goals for themselves. This is because many of these students lack the self-confidence necessary for one to create such high goals.

From my personal experience, I knew that I was good at reading when I was in this stage. This is because I was told by my teachers that I read at above my grade level. Therefore, being told that I was good at reading, allowed myself to gain competence in reading.

When seeing how competence relates to my life presently, I know that my job performance is adequate because my supervisors as well as my boss has informed myself that my job performance is outstanding.

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Main Points

Age Range: 3 to 6 Years Old

Virtue: Purpose

Negative Outcome: Inadequacy

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"Child develops a balance of independence and self-sufficiency over shame and doubt." - Page 14
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In this stage, children are setting goals with intentions. For example, a child may want to ride a bike so the child can ride their bike successfully down a hill.

When describing this stage, Erikson stated that children who are experiencing this stage, may find themselves acting in aggressive behavior directed towards their peers as well as their parents. The reasoning for this aggression can be that the child has not or has not yet been able to reach the goal that he or she set for him or herself.

If a child set a goal for him/herself to be able to ride their bicycle down a hill on their own and was not able to reach their goal, the child may act out in aggression towards his/her peers as well as their parents. The reasoning for this aggression can be connected to the child feeling inadequate. The child may feel that he/she does not match up to his peers and parents for the sole reason that he/she does not yet have the ability to ride a bike down a hill.

From my personal experience, when I was in this stage, I believe that I had initiative because I was able to grab the television remote. Once I had grabbed the television remote, I was able to know what I wanted to do with it.

I believe that with myself having initiative at such a young age, it allowed myself to have initiative in my present life. For example, I am currently taking the initiative and giving myself a purpose in life. I am attending Ivy Tech Community College with the intention of transferring to Purdue University-Fort Wayne with the intention of becoming an elementary school teacher.

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This image shows the age range of humans covered by the second stage, Autonomy vs. Doubt.

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Main Points

Age Range: 12-18 months to 3 Years Old

Virtue: Will or A Child's Ability to Complete Tasks Independently

Negative Outcome: Shame

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"Child develops a balance of independence and self-sufficiency over shame and doubt" - Page 14

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During this stage, children learn how to complete tasks independently such as getting dressed and going to the bathroom.

Some parents get upset with their children completing these tasks on their own. When this happens, the children of these kinds of parents may experience shame.

However, when parents allow for their children to find solutions to their own problems, many of these children will have enough confidence to complete tasks on their own.

From my own personal experience, I can state that when I was in this age range and dealing with this stage, I feel that I was an example of having autonomy. At the young ages of two and three years old, I was able to identify and inform my parents of what my favorite cartoons were.

I believe that myself having this autonomy at such a young age allowed myself to be independent at my age right now in life, 19 years old. For example, with my own free will to make own decisions, I chose to attend college. I am and will continue to make the actions and decisions needed to aid in myself getting through college in the best way I can.

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This image shows the age range of humans covered by the first stage, Trust vs. Mistrust.

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Main Points

Age Range: Birth to 12-18 Months

Virtue: Hope

Negative Outcome: Fear, Suspicion

Trusting Parents Depends on Their Ability to Provide         Necessary Care

I can trust my parents due to myself trusting them when I was a baby.

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"Baby develops sense of whether world is a good and safe place." - Page 14

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During this stage, a baby is very dependent on its parents or guardians. The baby cannot ensure its own health and safety without aid provided to him/her by his/her parents or guardians. Therefore, the baby requires its parents or guardians to provide him/herself with shelter, food, water, and emotional support.

You may have noticed the quote in bold placed near the top of this segment. This quote highlights what can be arguably the biggest principle of this stage, trust versus mistrust.

When a baby knows that his or her parents are providing the necessary needs for him/her to survive, the baby can in good faith trust his/her parents or guardians. However, if a baby's parents or guardians are not providing the necessary needs for him/her to survive, the baby can choose to not trust his/her parents or guardians.

When asked to explain how trust versus mistrust could affect a child's future, Erikson replied with a response including two different world views a child could have.

If a baby was and/or is able to trust his/her parents or guardians to provide its necessary means to live, then the baby will most likely view the world in a positive light as the baby grows up. An example of viewing the world in a positive light can include one viewing the Earth has an overall, good place to live. This is because this world is filled with many trustworthy individuals who exemplify good character.

If a baby was and/or is unable to trust his/her parents or guardians to provide its necessary means to live, then the baby will most view the world in a negative light as the baby grows up. An example of viewing the world in a negative light can include one viewing the Earth and its people who habit to with fear and suspicion.

When speaking on my personal experience on this subject, yes, I can trust my parents. This is largely attributed to my parents ensured to supply myself with all of the necessary means I required when I was a baby. Food, shelter, water, emotional support, extra medical supported.

As I matured in biological and emotional growth through the years, I was able to trust my parents. For example, in my future, if I ever had a problem with worrying if I had enough money to pay for my lunch in K-12 school, my parents ensured I had enough money to purchase myself a school lunch.

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In this Padlet, we will examine each of the eight stages that equate Erikson's Theory of Psychosocial Development.

These parts are as follows:
1. Trust vs. Mistrust
2. Autonomy vs. Doubt
3. Initiative vs. Guilt
4. Industry vs. Inferiority
5. Identity vs. Role Confusion
6. Intimacy vs. Isolation
7. Generosity vs. Stagnation
8. Integrity vs. Despair