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Coelho, Paulo. The Alchemist. Thorsons, 1995.

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Picture citation of the Supernatural Aid

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Picture citation of the Supernatural Aid

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Dieric Bouts. Meeting of Abraham and Melchizedek. At the Church of Saint Peter, Leuven, Belgium. 1464–1467. 11 June 2023 http://www.heiligenlexikon.de/Fotos/Abraham-Melchisedek.jpg

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He dreamed that there was a treasure in the Egyptian pyramids.
““Then, at the Egyptian pyramids,”—he said the last three words slowly, so that the old woman would under- stand—“the child said to me, ‘If you come here, you will find a hidden treasure” (15).

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He didn't want to leave the place he knew.

1. His sheep. They were like his children. He feels that without his sheep his sheep would starve to death.

2. The merchant's daughter. The boy fell in love with her at first sight, waiting a year and a few days to meet.
"The levanter increased in intensity.  Here I am, between my flock and my treasure, the boy thought.  He had to choose between something he had become accustomed to and something he wanted to have.  There was also the merchant’s daughter, but she wasn’t as important as his flock, because she didn’t depend on him" (28).

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Degner, David. “Royalty Free Stock Photos, Illustrations, Vector Art, and Video Clips.” Getty Images, www.gettyimages.com/. Accessed 11 June 2023.

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Melchizedek, the king of Salem, persuades the protagonist to go to Egypt and teaches him many things:
““When you want something, all the universe con- spires in helping you to achieve it," he had said” (41).

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He sold the sheep and gave ten percent of the sheep to the old king. Then he used the money from the sheep sale to buy a ticket.
““Give me one-tenth of your sheep,” said the old man, “and I’ll tell you how to find the hidden treasure.”  The boy remembered his dream, and suddenly every- thing was clear to him” (20).

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Picture of The Beginning of the Adventure 

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Picture of The Beginning of the Adventure 

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“The Beginning Is Critical for In-Company Training | IED.” Institute of Entrepreneurship Development, 17 Mar. 2016, ied.eu/project-updates/beginning-critical-fo-in-company/.

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“Free Design Tool: Presentations, Video, Social Media | CANVA.” Canva, www.canva.com/. Accessed 11 June 2023.

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Personal legend is one of the central themes throughout the book. A personal legend refers to an individual’s unique purpose in life. The protagonist in the story, Santiago, travels on a journey to discover his own personal legend. Initially, his goal may have been only to travel, but a turning point in the story leads him to seek a treasure hidden in the Egyptian pyramids, which becomes his new personal legend. The old king states that fulfilling one’s personal legend is the only true goal in life. "To realize one’s Personal Legend is a person’s only real obligation. All things are one " (pp.22). This theme inspires and encourages readers to pursue their dreams and discover their true calling.

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Río, Luis del. “Person Walking between Green Forest Trees · Free Stock Photo - PEXELS.” Pexels, www.pexels.com/photo/person-walking-between-green-forest-trees-15286/. Accessed 11 June 2023.

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Picture citation of Dream/ Personal Legend

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Picture citation of Dream/ Personal Legend

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“The Alchemist: Spirituality, Religion, and Life Experience.” KidSpirit, 29 Dec. 2016, kidspiritonline.com/magazine/the-god-issue/the-alchemist-spirituality-religion-and-life-experience/.

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Gleiser, Marcelo. “Science and Spirituality: Could It Be?” NPR, 10 Sept. 2014, www.npr.org/sections/13.7/2014/09/10/347422469/science-and-spirituality-could-it-be.

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“Correct Tick Sign - ClipArt Best.” Www.clipartbest.com, www.clipartbest.com/correct-tick-sign. Accessed 9 June 2023.

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“No Symbol Computer Icons Traffic Sign - No Symbol Clip Art - Png Download - Full Size Clipart (#77559) - PinClipart.” PinClipart.com, www.pinclipart.com/maxpin/TwwwT/. Accessed 9 June 2023.

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“巧克力品牌排行榜 神马亲情况 看着都流口水吧.” Site.douban.com, site.douban.com/108221/widget/notes/4369442/note/237523380/. Accessed 9 June 2023.

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“Similes.” Cortland.edu, 2019, studentweb.cortland.edu/kayla.fivie/proj5/similes.html .

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“Allusion.” Www.haikudeck.com, www.haikudeck.com/allusion-education-presentation-SPeKImU1HQ. Accessed 9 June 2023.

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The author used symbolism in the part about "the supernatural aid" when the old king tells the protagonist to follow the omen. Symbolism is a literary device that uses symbols to represent ideas. An example from the text is "he remembered something his grandfather had once told him: that butterflies were a good omen" (30). Here the butterfly is a symbol that represents the change of the protagonist since a caterpillar needs to undergo a metamorphosis in order to become a butterfly. And butterflies' presentation means the protagonist will succeed, so it is a good omen.

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An allusion is a literary device that makes reference to things from history or famous books. The author has used allusion at the intersection of the part of “the mentor" and the part of “the departure" when the old king gave the two stones to the protagonist. "They are called Urim and Thummim" (31), said the old man. Both Urim and Thummim exist in Bible and are used to show people the will of God, which is also their role in The Alchemist. So, the author here is using names from Bible. Thus, it is an allusion.

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The author uses personification in the part of "the refusal" so that readers can better understand how the protagonist overcame the refusal and makes up his mind to pursue the personal legend. Personification is a figure of speech that attribute personality traits to inanimate objects, animals, or abstract ideas. An example from the text is "the boy felt jealous of the freedom of the wind, and saw that he could have the same freedom" (29). In this sentence, the author gives the characteristics of a human which is freedom to an inanimate object which is the wind. However, wind cannot have freedom, only humans can have freedom. Thus, it is a personification.

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Nature is the key theme of the whole novel. It is a powerful force that is often represented in books in the form of natural phenomena and events. Omens, for example, may be considered manifestations of nature’s power in the story. Omens were nature's instructions to Santiago to achieve his personal legend. The old king stated that when one desires something, the whole universe or nature will help. "And, when you want something, all the universe conspires in helping you to achieve it." (p. 23). During his travels, Santiago learned more about the power of nature and how it influenced his quest for a personal legend. He encounters various natural factors, such as the wind and the sky, which are both obstacles and guides on his journey. This theme emphasizes the necessity of living in peace with nature and the interconnectedness of all things.

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In the part of “the call”, the author uses the literary device of simile. A simile compares one thing to another of different kinds using the words "as" or "like. Take a sentence from the text as an example. "They (priests) worked hard just to have food and water, like the sheep" (8). In this sentence, the author is comparing priests to sheep using the word "like". And what they have in common is that they both work for food. Moreover, priests are people who perform religious duties, while sheep are an animal, they are not one type. Thus, it is a simile.

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This theme, spirituality, is carried through the whole story. It can be understood as the soul or destiny of an individual. From the beginning, when the old king talked about Santiago's fate, to later, when Santiago realizes that everything has its own spirituality, this theme is always there. Santiago’s journey to find the treasure in the pyramids may be seen as his fate. This theme can also be illustrated with the concept of "Maktub", which means everything happens as it should. "But in your language it would be something like 'It is written'" (pp. 61). The central idea of the theme is that everything has a soul and a purpose, and all events are predetermined. The themes of nature, personal legend, and spirituality are closely intertwined to create the narrative of the story.

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蓝白黄色形状思维导图图表