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Harriet Tubman Escapes to Philadelphia (1849)

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Harriet Tubman Escapes to Philadelphia (1849)

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Harriet Tubman escapes from slavery and makes it to freedom in Philadelphia. She later becomes a leader of the Underground Railroad, helping many others escape.

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This law forces citizens to help catch runaway slaves and punishes those who aid in escapes. It increases tension between North and South.

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Harriet Beecher Stowe’s novel exposes the horrors of slavery, influencing public opinion and fueling abolitionist movements in the North.

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This act lets settlers decide if new territories allow slavery, leading to violent clashes in Kansas between pro- and anti-slavery settlers.

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The Supreme Court rules that Dred Scott, an enslaved man, can't sue for his freedom and that African Americans are not U.S. citizens.

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Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas debate slavery during an Illinois Senate race. Lincoln becomes known for opposing its expansion.

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John Brown leads a raid on a federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, aiming to start a slave revolt. He’s captured and becomes a martyr to abolitionists.

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Abraham Lincoln wins the presidency without Southern support, causing fear that slavery will be abolished.

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After Lincoln’s election, South Carolina becomes the first state to leave the Union, starting the secession movement.

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Seven Southern states form the Confederate States of America, choosing Jefferson Davis as president.