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Terre des hommes developed two Resilience and Innovation Centers (RIF) in Bucharest and Brasov, where Ukrainian children and youth can learn what 3D technology means, attend three-dimensional printing workshops, explore their own talents and abilities and "play" creatively. The centers are equipped with modular spaces intended for learning through play, workshops for non-formal education, creativity and the acquisition of technical and digital skills.

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The Primero platform was introduced with the support from UNICEF to be used by the public institutions responsible for child protection. It is employed to identify, register, and track children displaced from Ukraine, during their stay in Romania. The system registers all children, whether accompanied or unaccompanied and separated. During the initial registration in Primero, a risk-assessment is conducted to enable children’s access to appropriate services from General Direction for Social Assistance and Child Protection and General Inspectorate for Immigration. The platform also supports with early identification of potential cases involving abuse, neglect, or trafficking and ensures the protection of children's rights. Primero captures information about parents, adults accompanying children, caregivers, and details about their temporary or permanent residency in Romania. It records the children’s specific needs, in regards to healthcare, education, social protection services, and more. The registration in Primero was and remains voluntary.

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Primero is an open source software platform for humanitarian protection and social welfare workers

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Coalition for the Rights of Migrants and Refugees (CDMiR)

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Coalition for the Rights of Migrants and Refugees (CDMiR)

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Terre des hommes is a member of the Coalition for the Rights of Migrants and Refugees (CDMiR), an informal structure whose activity is coordinated by a secretariat.

CDMiR includes 22 NGOs from all regions of Romania, as well as 5 supporters from academia and international organizations. CDMiR members cover a wide number of areas of expertise, including research, advocacy, material, legal and medical assistance, cultural orientation and intercultural dialogue.

The Coalition's mission is to ensure that every migrant and refugee is respected for their personal, civic, economic and social rights that they enjoy on the territory of Romania. In this sense, CDMiR will coordinate advocacy activities, monitor their effects, interact with political decision-makers and influence the public decision in the field of migration in a transparent and fair manner.

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Coaliția pentru Drepturile Migranților și Refugiaților

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Legal aid, strategic litigation and advocacy -Foundation for Access to Rights (FAR)

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Legal aid, strategic litigation and advocacy -Foundation for Access to Rights (FAR)

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Children are a priority target group in the mandate of FAR. As a direct legal aid provider to refugee and migrant children (including UASCs) in Bulgaria FAR identifies and addresses systemic deficiencies in the asylum and child protection systems. Through advocacy and strategic litigation FAR establishes effective mechanisms to guarantee access to rights in practice and provides protection against arbitrary deprivation of rights of children.

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I am glad to inform that I was accepted as an intern in a Bulgarian non-governmental organization dedicated to assisting migrants, refugees, asylum seekers, and stateless people in achieving practical access to rights and defending them from arbitrary right deprivation in Bulgaria. Assistance for Ukrainians, who fled Ukraine as a result of Russia's full invasion in February 2022 is urgently needed right now. The organization's main initiatives include legal aid, research, information exchange, and advocacy work.

I conducted research on emerging legal issues in the field of migration and asylum and identified gaps and challenges in the provision of legal aid within the Bulgarian context. I did research regarding possibility to withdraw from temporary protection status in Bulgaria and apply in another Member State.

Also, I did research about possibility to apply directly for international protection for Ukrainian citizens, without applying for temporary protection. And possibilities to apply for Bulgarian citizenship.

Moreover, I responded to inquiries from migrants, refugees, and other stakeholders seeking legal information and assistance and visited partner organizations, such as Caritas in Sofia, ICRC.

Also, every week on Tuesday and Friday I was present during visiting hours for beneficiaries in the office of organization. I was present during legal aid sessions of lawyers for refugees from Syria, Afghanistan, Ukraine and other conflict-affected countries.

I am excited to contribute to work as an intern in the Digital Communications and Liaison Migrantlife.bg Team and gain my first professional experience in the area of refugee and migration law. I have learned from the work and experiences of my colleagues as well as obtained practical experience in the field.

Viktoriia Palahniuk

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I am glad to inform that I was accepted as an intern in a Bulgarian non-governmental organization dedicated to assisting migrants, refugees, asylum seekers, and stateless people in achieving practical access to rights and defending them from arbitrary right deprivation in Bulgaria.

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Established by Ukrainian volunteers, Dobro-hub is a network of 4 children's centres that aim to support the integration and socialisation of Ukrainian refugees in Bulgaria by providing educational and sports activities for children, and helps children with disabilities or special needs. The centres are open to children aged 3 to 18.

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Фонд Добро - Допомога українським біженцям в Болгарії

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Благодійний фонд "Добро" - це українці, які рятували свої сім'ї від війни. Опинившись у Болгарії, вирішили бути корисними - допомогати та підтримувати українськіх біженців, які опинилися у Болгарії, утікаючи від війни.

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House of opportunities- Foundation for Social Change and Inclusion (FSCI)

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House of opportunities- Foundation for Social Change and Inclusion (FSCI)

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This is a network of family-type houses for young adults over the age of 18 who have left alternative care for children deprived of parental care, including unaccompanied refugee children.

It aims to build young people’s skills for independent living in order to become dignified and contributing members of the society.

Every house in the programme offers 2 years of residential care and support in: finding and keeping a suitable job; financial management; housekeeping; personal health; development of social skills; adaptation to independent living; ongoing support after leaving the programme.

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The House of Opportunity Programme is a network of family-type houses for young people leaving institutions for children deprived of parental care. The programme has been devloping since 2007 and is based on advanced practices from Western Europe adapted to the environment and needs of the young people in Bulgaria.
The House of Opportunity breaks the cycle of abandonment by helping young people brought up in institutional care to gain skills for independent living in order to become dignified and contributing members of our society.
Every house in the programme offers young people 2 years of residential care and support in:

Finding and keeping a suitable job;

Managing of personal finances;

Housekeeping;

Personal health;

Development of social skills and skills for building positive and sustainable relationships;

Adaptation to independent living;

Ongoing support after leaving the programme;

The programme has a total capacity of 25 places for young people.

With the help of committed volunteers from the local communities House of Opportunity offers the young people a family-like environment. Our teams use various methods of work with the residents such as mentoring, specialized educational programmes, team work and individual development work, informal teaching and more.

FSCI's fundamental method of work is build a network of partnerships with key institutions, businesses, volunteers and other stakeholders, aiming to bring all resources available together and to maximize the outcomes on both the local and national level.

WANT TO GET INVOLVED?

For more information about the House of Opportunity and how you can get involved, please do not hesitate to contact us.

WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?

According to statistics of the Agency for Social Assistance, by the end of December 2016:

2810 children and adolescents in Bulgaria are accommodated in residential services (2016),

2320 children were raised in foster families as of 31.12.2017,

and 5927 children were raised in the family of relatives or relatives (31.12.2016).

According to this statistics, a total of 11,057 children and adolescents are grown up in alternative care, with approximately 500 of them leaving state care each year and starting their incependent living. About 45% of these young people have elementary or lower education, and 47% have secondary education. (Deyana Kostadinova, Secretary of the Head of State for Social Policies, Youth and Sports, Initiative "Support a Dream" 2013)

The state as a legal guardian bares responsibility for them until they become 18.

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN ABANDONED CHILDREN BECOME ADULTS?

When they become 18 (or when they graduate from secondary school), young people from institutions have to take their lives in their own hands. The state has no legal obligation to continue to support them in any way. The institutional care system in Bulgaria has an insufficient capacity to preparethem for this step. Thus they end up unable to:

This makes these young people very vulnerable. Girls as well as a great number of boys are easily brought to prostitution, international human trafficking networks, sex trade, etc. Begging, crime and other abusive behaviours become the only way to survive for many, destroying the individual and our society.

TEAM

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The House of Opportunity Programme is a network of family-type houses for young people leaving institutions for children deprived of parental care. The programme has been devloping since 2007 and is based on advanced practices from Western Europe adapted to the environment and needs of the young people in Bulgaria.

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ARSIS's advocacy efforts and strategic litigation play a crucial role in addressing systemic issues and legal challenges faced by UASCs. This proactive approach contributes to broader positive changes in the legal and policy framework.

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he deployment of Mobile Units of ARSIS and the Network for Children’s Rights specifically focused on tracking and identifying UASCs. These mobile units, equipped with trained personnel, engage directly with communities and perform outreaches in abandoned buildings in order to identify and reach out to UASCs.

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The National Emergency Response Mechanism (NERM) for unaccompanied minors coordinates actions among various actors is a positive direction. This ensures a centralized approach, streamlining efforts and facilitating better collaboration.

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Access to school and health system for UASC

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Access to school and health system for UASC

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The 2017 law establishes that all unaccompanied minors are entitled to the same rights and child protection safeguards as those enshrined in the New York Convention on the rights of the child (CAT)2, on equal grounds to Italian and European minors. It follows that in all decisions and procedures concerning such minors, the best interests of the child must be a primary consideration.

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Article 3 of Law 47/2017 sets a general and unconditional prohibition of refoulement of unaccompanied foreign minors at borders. The prohibition operates regardless of the reasons for the minor’s entry into Italy, and the fact that he or she is an asylum seeker. Moreover, unaccompanied migrants cannot be returned to their country of origin, unless it appears that the reunification with his/her family is in the best interest of the child and that in the country of origin he/she would live in better conditions. In such a case, the Juvenile Court can order specific family investigations in the country of origin and the situation of the person in Italy has to be reviewed through detailed reports by social services.

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All Children at minor age can apply and obtain a special residence permit for minor age.

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Resilience project II - Intercultural Mediation (ICM)

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Resilience project II - Intercultural Mediation (ICM)

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AMIF project led by Nidos with the goal to professionalise intercultural mediation within guardianship and to strengthen a culture sensitive and stress & trauma informed approach within guardianship.

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UAC Futures - Transition into adulthood (18+)

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UAC Futures - Transition into adulthood (18+)

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AMIF project with the aim to foster long-term improvements in the quality of support for unaccompanied migrant children during their transition to adulthood at the European level, with a particular focus on Greece, Spain and the Netherlands. In the Netherlands this project contributed to the lobby for the extension of guardianship at Nidos after a child turns 18. Since January 2023, UASC who have a residence permit are entitled to an extension of youth care by Nidos until the age of 21 and are thereby allowed to stay in their foster families or small-scale residence where they have been living.  They also have the option to start living by themselves but still receive guidance from Nidos to improve their integration.

https://nidosineurope.eu/uacfutures/

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Special Representative of the Secretary General on Migration and Refugees

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Building Futures, Sharing Good Practices: Migrant Children's Transition to Adulthood - UACFutures - Special Representative of the Secretary General on Migration and Refugees - www.coe.int

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The partners will bring together multiple stakeholders working in the field to exchange good practices, develop publications and training materials, and deliver trainings. Public authorities, institutions, NGOs, international institutions and other actors will share experiences from around Europe to enhance know-how on specific challenges and identify practical solutions.

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Since 2019, Nidos has coordinated the European Guardianship Network (EGN). The importance of a European network is underlined by the European Commission and affiliated organizations such as EUAA and FRA. The aim of EGN is to influence European and national policy regarding guardianship for unaccompanied minors and to intensify and improve cooperation for the purpose of improving the quality of guardianship for unaccompanied children. This is done, among other things, by exchanging good practices, expertise and information. The network now consists of various organizations and government agencies from 25 EU member states and the United Kingdom.

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CCAR provides specific legal assistant, offering personalised and direct support to the beneficiary, with the assistants of translators.

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El Departament de Benestar Social i Família, a través de la Direcció General d'Atenció a la Infància i l'Adolescència (DGAIA), i la CCAR col·laboraran en L'atenció a menors refugiats. Així ha quedat establert en el conveni que van signar el director general d'atenció a la Infància i l'adolescència, Josep Lluís Ortuño, i el president de la CCAR, Miguel Pajares el dia 8 de Juny.
Al 2010, a Catalunya es van tramitar un total de 212 sol·licituds de protecció internacional, entre les quals es trobaven infants i adolescents menors d'edat. Per demarcacions, Barcelona va ser on es va concentrar el major nombre de refugiats, amb 194, seguit de Girona (15), Lleida (2) i Tarragona (1).
D'acord amb aquest conveni i amb l'objectiu de millorar l'atenció als menors la DGAIA posarà en coneixement de CCAR els casos susceptibles de protecció internacional que es detectin a través de la xarxa de protecció a la infància, així com la CCAR informarà a la DGAIA d'aquells casos que detecti mentre desenvolupa les seves activitats. Per altra banda, la DGAIA facilitarà que el menor rebi L'assessorament jurídic de la CCAR per preparar els expedients de protecció internacional o per representar-lo legalment en els supòsits que sigui necessari.
Un dels compromisos assumits per la DGAIA és que permetrà desenvolupar, a la CCAR diferents serveis per aquests joves, com assessorament, orientació, gestió de tràmits o programes ocupacionals o formatius. Així mateix, personal tècnic de la DGAIA rebrà formació i orientació sobre el dret de protecció internacional per part de la CCAR.
La DGAIA i la CCAR també es comprometen a organitzar conjuntament jornades de divulgació sobre el dret d'asil i la condició de refugiat adreçada a la xarxa de professionals de protecció de la infància i l'adolescència. Per altra banda, la DGAIA introduirà continguts en els seus cursos formatius relatius al dret d'asil i la condició de refugiat, amb la col·laboració de la CCAR.

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Benestar Social i Família i la CCAR colaboraran en l'atenció a menors refugiats

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El Departament de Benestar Social i Família, a través de la Direcció General d'Atenció a la Infància i l'Adolescència (DGAIA), i la CCAR col·laboraran en L'atenció a menors refugiats. Així ha quedat establert en el conveni que van signar el director general d'atenció a la Infància i l'adolescència, Josep Lluís Ortuño, i el president de la CCAR, Miguel Pajares el dia 8 de Juny.

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Assistance to UASC doesn't finish when they become adults (+18 years old). CCAR offers legal assistance until the procedure of the asylum seeker finishes.

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El Departament de Benestar Social i Família, a través de la Direcció General d'Atenció a la Infància i l'Adolescència (DGAIA), i la CCAR col·laboraran en L'atenció a menors refugiats. Així ha quedat establert en el conveni que van signar el director general d'atenció a la Infància i l'adolescència, Josep Lluís Ortuño, i el president de la CCAR, Miguel Pajares el dia 8 de Juny.
Al 2010, a Catalunya es van tramitar un total de 212 sol·licituds de protecció internacional, entre les quals es trobaven infants i adolescents menors d'edat. Per demarcacions, Barcelona va ser on es va concentrar el major nombre de refugiats, amb 194, seguit de Girona (15), Lleida (2) i Tarragona (1).
D'acord amb aquest conveni i amb l'objectiu de millorar l'atenció als menors la DGAIA posarà en coneixement de CCAR els casos susceptibles de protecció internacional que es detectin a través de la xarxa de protecció a la infància, així com la CCAR informarà a la DGAIA d'aquells casos que detecti mentre desenvolupa les seves activitats. Per altra banda, la DGAIA facilitarà que el menor rebi L'assessorament jurídic de la CCAR per preparar els expedients de protecció internacional o per representar-lo legalment en els supòsits que sigui necessari.
Un dels compromisos assumits per la DGAIA és que permetrà desenvolupar, a la CCAR diferents serveis per aquests joves, com assessorament, orientació, gestió de tràmits o programes ocupacionals o formatius. Així mateix, personal tècnic de la DGAIA rebrà formació i orientació sobre el dret de protecció internacional per part de la CCAR.
La DGAIA i la CCAR també es comprometen a organitzar conjuntament jornades de divulgació sobre el dret d'asil i la condició de refugiat adreçada a la xarxa de professionals de protecció de la infància i l'adolescència. Per altra banda, la DGAIA introduirà continguts en els seus cursos formatius relatius al dret d'asil i la condició de refugiat, amb la col·laboració de la CCAR.

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Benestar Social i Família i la CCAR colaboraran en l'atenció a menors refugiats

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El Departament de Benestar Social i Família, a través de la Direcció General d'Atenció a la Infància i l'Adolescència (DGAIA), i la CCAR col·laboraran en L'atenció a menors refugiats. Així ha quedat establert en el conveni que van signar el director general d'atenció a la Infància i l'adolescència, Josep Lluís Ortuño, i el president de la CCAR, Miguel Pajares el dia 8 de Juny.

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CCAR works directly with the Institution of Minors Attention (DGAIA in Catalonia). In Spain, this happens only in Catalonia.

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Un cop detectada una situació de risc, maltractament o desemparament, i en funció de la valoració del cas, aquest pot seguir el circuit ordinari o l'específic per situacions d'urgència. L'objectiu és garantir la protecció del menor en tot moment.

Circuit ordinari

1. Els serveis bàsics d'atenció social fan una primera avaluació del cas i, si es considera necessària la intervenció especialitzada, es deriva el cas a l'Equip d'Atenció a la Infància i l'Adolescència (EAIA) del territori corresponent.

2. L'EAIA fa una intervenció amb el menor, la família i el nucli de convivència per valorar la situació sociofamiliar.

3. Si es determina que el menor no pot ser atès al seu nucli familiar, es proposa una mesura protectora a la Direcció General d'Atenció a la Infància i l'Adolescència (DGAIA).

4. Als centres d'acolliment es realitza l'atenció immediata i transitòria dels menors que han de ser separats del seu nucli familiar, mentre es fa l'estudi d'observació i diagnòstic de la situació dels menors i les seves famílies, i la proposta de mesures de protecció adients.
Circuit per atendre situacions d'intervenció preferent
Es tracta de l'atenció a situacions insostenibles i de risc greu o molt greu que poden requerir la separació urgent i immediata de l'entorn familiar, perquè es troba en perill la vida o la integritat física o psíquica del menor. El circuit és el següent:

1. Avaluació de les situacions per part dels EAIA per tal de determinar si cal un internament urgent o si es pot reconduir el cas cap a un procediment ordinari.

2. Allotjament provisional en un centre d'acolliment o en una família d'acolliment d'urgència i suport als menors que ho necessitin.

3. Derivació a l'Institut Català de l'Acolliment i de l'Adopció (ICAA).

En els casos en què el maltractament o els abusos es detecten en un centre hospitalari, els professionals han de comunicar-ho a la Unitat de detecció i prevenció del maltractament infantil (UDEPMI), amb denúncia policial o d'instàncies judicials. En aquests casos s'activen els Equips de valoració de maltractaments infantils (EVAMI), es disposa la retenció hospitalària de l'infant, se n'assumeixen les funcions tutelars i s'ingressa l'infant en un centre d'acolliment mentre es diagnostica la situació dels possibles maltractaments.

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El sistema català de protecció a la infància i l'adolescència

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Un cop detectada una situació de risc, maltractament o desemparament, i en funció de la valoració del cas, aquest pot seguir el circuit ordinari o l'específic per situacions d'urgència. L'objectiu és garantir la protecció del menor en tot moment. Circuit ordinari 1.