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According to data from the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), there are about seven million students age 3 to 21 receiving special education services in the U.S. - 14 percent of all public school students. Because special education students have distinct needs, they rely on a teaching environment that's tailored to them. With that in mind, our nation's schools have evolved over the years to refine their approaches to educating special needs students.

One notable change has been the shift toward a more inclusive classroom structure that allows such students to learn in the general education environment alongside their peers. This means it isn't just special education teachers who need to be well-versed in the laws and regulations that impact students with special needs - all teachers should have a solid understanding of special education laws and policies.

To help get you up to speed, we've outlined four laws that have worked to preserve special needs students' educational rights.

4 Special education laws that helped shaped the U.S. school system

Familiarizing yourself with these laws can help you gain a better understanding of how special education has progressed over time.

1. The Education for All Handicapped Children Act

To ensure that special education services are available to children who need them

To guarantee that decisions about services to students with disabilities are fair and appropriate

To establish specific management and auditing requirements for special education

To provide federal funds to help states educate students with disabilities

2. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act

What was known as the EHA eventually became the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) in 1990. The following six pillars are what IDEA ensures:

Public schools are required to create an Individualized Education Program (IEP) for each student who is found to be eligible for special education services. IEPs must be designed to meet the unique educational needs of that child in the least restrictive environment appropriate.

To the maximum extent appropriate, IDEA ensures that all students are given the opportunity to learn in the Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) - an inclusive classroom environment in which a special needs student can achieve the most academic success.

Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) is an educational right that ensures education and related services are designed to meet handicapped persons' individual needs as adequately as the needs of non-handicapped persons.

IDEA includes a set of procedural safeguards designed to protect the rights of children with disabilities and their families, and to ensure that all special-needs students receive a FAPE. The safeguards include the opportunity for parents to review their child's full educational records, the right of parents to request an independent educational evaluation and more.

IDEA ensures the use of appropriate evaluation processes. This minimizes the number of misidentifications, provides a variety of assessment tools and strategies, prohibits the use of any single evaluation as the sole criterion and provides protections against evaluation measures that are racially or culturally discriminatory.

Cross collaboration is key for a student to receive the education necessary for success. IDEA enables parents, teachers, school psychologists and other relevant parties to work in tandem when developing IEPs, determining the proper LRE and discussing other important considerations for each student.

Simply put, IDEA replaced EHA to place more focus on the individual learner, as opposed to the condition that individual may have.

3. The Assistive Technology Act

Under the law, each U.S. state receives a grant to fund Assistive Technology Act Programs (ATAP) that provide services to persons with disabilities for their entire lives. The 56 ATAPs created under the law provide a place where users can go for product demonstrations, low-cost loans for their purchases and information on these products.

State financing activities

Device reutilization programs

Device loan programs

Device demonstration programs

4. The Handicapped Children's Protection Act

The HCPA came to be after the United States Supreme Court's ruling in the 1984 case Smith v. Robinson. It was found that existing enforcement mechanisms of disability rights did not cover how, when and/or where legal costs are to be resolved.

Protect the dignity of students with disabilities

As you review some of the core special education laws that have shaped how we accommodate special needs students, you may find yourself eager to get involved. Whether you already have some classroom experience under your belt or you're just starting out, it's possible you're now trying to decide if you have what it takes to be a special education teacher.

If so, there's no better time to explore the field - our nation's teacher shortage has hit special education particularly hard. To help you determine if you're a good fit for this type of teaching position, it's worth looking into the most sought-after traits employers look for in qualified special education teachers. Learn more by heading over to our article, " 5 Signs you'd excel in educating special needs students ."

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laws protecting students with disabilities

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4 Laws that shaped special education in the U.S.

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Special education has come a long way in the United States, but it wouldn't have been possible without these critical laws that every teacher should know

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All The Information About Special Education  

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All The Information About Special Education  

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Special Education: Everything You Need to Know

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By using personalized learning platforms, you'll be able to efficiently cultivate a sense of self-learning so your team can acquire new skills that go beyond their current roles. Explore our recommended personalized learning platforms that you can use to facilitate personalized learning in your organization.

1. EdApp

EdApp is a mobile learning management system that supports you in setting up personalized learning for your team through its many user-focused features. With its easy-to-use course authoring tool, you can quickly create beautiful online training and immersive lessons to tailor to every learner's needs. You can also choose from over 80 intuitively designed templates to populate your training content in a matter of minutes. If you need inspiration or are unsure of where to start, EdApp has a vast library of world-class and scalable courseware like hospitality, sensitivity training courses for employees, healthcare, and even free OSHA 10 hour certification courses that you can edit and customize to make your own.

To step it up a notch, you can also reward and incentivize each employee's excellent learning habits through EdApp's Custom Achievements feature. You can name your achievement, upload your own image or design one on Canva, and choose your preferred color scheme to match your organization's tone of voice. You can even include a personalized message to display whenever an individual earns a specific achievement. It's all up to you to determine the ingredients of each achievement and set up a "recipe" for success based on your personalized learning strategy.

With EdApp, you can also create personalized quizzes for each employee through Brain Boost. It's completely automated, so all you have to do is choose which course, lesson, or slide you want to quiz your team on, and EdApp will do the rest for you. The frequency with which each individual receives a quiz depends on how many answers they get right. The more they get correct answers, the less frequently they'll receive one.

Cost: Free

Key features: SCORM authoring tool, course library, easy-to-use authoring tool, customizable Achievements
Create personalized learning experiences for your team with ease and at no cost! Join EdApp for free now.
2. Schoox

Schoox is a cloud-based, personalized learning platform that focuses on learning and talent development. It has a course library that includes a wide range of topics, such as safety, security, human resources, and many more. With Schoox, you can create sensitivity training courses for employees in any format with its drag and drop authoring tool. Adaptive learning paths can also be set for employees so they can take the right learning resources to hone their skills. Schoox's Impact Factor feature considers aspects like the employee's job responsibilities, their skills performance, and skills strength, to better assign personalized courses.

Cost: Contact Schoox for pricing

Key features: Content curation, personalized course suggestions, drag-and-drop authoring tool

3. WalkMe

The need for in-person training can be eliminated through WalkMe 's self-service feature called Walk-Thrus. Learners can go through their training content on their own from start to finish by following clear and simple directions provided in the Walk-Thrus on their screen. These Walk-Thrus take the form of tooltips, pop-up messages, and notifications that you can fully customize. This self-serve feature empowers learners and lessens any unnecessary back and forth which speeds up and increases completion rates. WalkMe is also invested in the user experience which is why it allows you to create engaging and personalized on-screen content with its no-code authoring tool.

Cost: Contact WalkMe for pricing

Key features: No-code authoring tool, on-screen guidance, self-serve tools

4. WorkRamp

WorkRamp is a personalized learning platform that serves as an all-in-one corporate learning platform for your personnel, especially those in sales, support, retail, marketing, and HR. This centralized LMS gives you a streamlined process in creating customized learning pathways for your personnel based on their role, teams, skills, or seniority. It provides a specialized onboarding process, advanced corporate training content creation, and learning progress tracking through dashboards and analytics. It also gives a blended learning experience with support for virtual instructor-led sessions.

Cost: Contact WorkRamp for pricing

Key features: Streamlined onboarding, learning pathways, analytics

5. Raptivity

Raptivity is a cloud-based employee training software that delivers distance learning through visually stimulating content. It incorporates gamification in the workplace by including games in the training material, such as bowling and dart game quizzes. It also has an interactive template library suited for different learning styles that you can customize with various themes and colors. In this distance learning tool for teachers, learning programs can run on different devices, including mobile. This helps you focus more on your content as you're sure that it will seamlessly display your training materials regardless of the device used.

Cost: US 0/user (monthly)

Key features: Gamification, template library, mobile-friendly

6. Raven360

Raven360 is a personalized learning platform dedicated to sales training and enablement but can also be used by any business. Raven360 supports different learning methods such as instructor-led training, virtual instructor-led training, and on-demand learning to cater to different learning styles. It also allows for the creation of Learner Paths so you can guide your employees to training content that's important and relevant to them. This platform also provides analytics to check on your team's performance and measure the effectiveness of your training program.

Cost: Contact Raven360 for pricing

Key features: Flexible training methods, learning paths, analytics

7. Continu

Continu touts itself as a learning platform built for today's modern workforce. With its powerful course authoring tools, you can build sop training courses and create training and development tracks to suit each learner's needs. You can tailor learning experiences through its Smart Segmentation feature which allows you to filter by geography, department, or by using custom variables. Continu also comes with custom reporting so you can fine-tune reports to gain insights on the performance of your employees. On the other hand, learners will have access to their unique dashboard so they can stay on top of their training and progress.

Cost: Contact Continu for pricing

Key features: Personalized learning tracks, Smart segmentation, custom reporting, learner dashboard

8. Whatfix

Whatfix makes it easy for learners to digest training material no matter what learning style they have. When logging in for the first time to the platform, they'll be greeted with a personalized message and will be given a tour to introduce them to the application. With Whatfix, you can create interactive training material with its straightforward, no code authoring tool. To further personalize the learning experience, you can create condition-based walkthroughs that fit a learner's role, competence, and location. It's SCORM-compliant so you can easily construct training programs at scale. Whatfix provides advanced real-time analytics as well so you can measure the effectiveness of your training program.

Cost: Contact Whatfix for pricing

Key features: No code authoring tool, smart user targeting, SCORM-compliant, real-time analytics

9. Explain Everything

Explain Everything leverages the use of digital whiteboards to create a personalized learning experience, especially for visual learners. It goes beyond the typical whiteboard as learners can fully interact during training sessions through drawings, GIFs, animations, audio files, and many more. Explain Everything's tools are not just limited to a simple whiteboard as it allows you to create dynamic visual lectures, animated illustrations, and even games to engage learners with your training content. To make sure everyone is on the same page, you can summarize each session with a short video that learners can revisit as often as needed.

Cost: Free and paid plans

Key features: Digital whiteboard, gamification, video summaries

10. Axonify

Axonify is an eLearning platform whose goal is to deliver quick, valuable training content to get employees up to speed with the knowledge and skills needed for their roles. To help them reach their goals, you can set up structured learning paths and deliver relevant training content in as little as three minutes per day. You can create training content, repurpose existing materials, or choose from their vast content marketplace. Learners are also given the flexibility to pursue additional training activities that they can complete in their own time to drive continuous learning.

Cost: Contact Axonify for pricing

Key features: Bite-sized training, structured learning paths, content marketplace

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10 Free Personalized Learning Platforms | EdApp Microlearning

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By using personalized learning platforms, you'll be able to efficiently cultivate a sense of self-learning so your team can acquire new skills that go beyond their current roles. Explore our recommended personalized learning platforms that you can use to facilitate personalized learning in your organization.

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Games, Apps, Sites for Personalized Learning 

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Games, Apps, Sites for Personalized Learning 

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Best Games, Apps, and Sites for Personalized Learning | Common Sense Education

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Best Games, Apps, and Sites for Personalized Learning is a list of 30 apps, games, and websites curated by Common Sense Education editors.

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Differentiation means tailoring instruction to meet individual needs. Whether teachers differentiate content, process, products, or the learning environment, the use of ongoing assessment and flexible grouping makes this a successful approach to instruction.

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Academy of Orton-Gillingham Practitioners and Educators

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Orton-Gillingham Academy or OGA offers training, certification, accreditation, resources for dyslexia and dyslexic students.

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Workshops and Courses - Wilson Language Training Corporation

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Wilson® offers workshops and courses to help educators build the knowledge to begin teaching our programs. Wilson Workshops Workshops hosted by Wilson Language Training® (WLT) are primarily offered in a virtual format. Our virtual workshops are never recorded as they are instructor-led, allowing par…

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At Spire Learning, we believe that
healthcare education has the power to transform lives

We serve healthcare providers, systems, and communities by using a human-centered approach.

Our passion and empathy drive our enduring commitment to getting healthcare education right.

We collaborate with healthcare leaders to balance educational effectiveness, stakeholder needs, and fiscal responsibility, while never forgetting that our work affects patient lives.

We serve healthcare providers, systems, and communities by using a human-centered approach.

Our passion and empathy drive our enduring commitment to getting healthcare education right.

We collaborate with healthcare leaders to balance educational effectiveness, stakeholder needs, and fiscal responsibility, while never forgetting that our work affects patient lives.

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Spire Learning | Healthcare Education that Transforms Lives

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We create engaging, scientifically sound, and fair-balanced educational experiences that build the knowledge and skills required to integrate healthcare advances into patient care and improve health outcomes.

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1. Learning standards, such as the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) and state-specific standards, are set of educational guidelines that outline what students should know and be able to do at the end of each grade level across various subjects. These standards are developed to ensure consistency in education across different regions and schools, aiming to prepare students with the knowledge and skills necessary for success in college, career, and life. They are benchmarks for educational achievement and guide curriculum development, instruction, and assessment.

Key Features of Learning Standards:

Broad and General: Learning standards are broad descriptions of the skills and knowledge expected of students. They are not tied to specific lesson plans or activities but rather describe the end goals of education in a particular subject area.

Grade-Specific: Standards are often defined for each grade level, providing a progression of learning expectations from early education through high school.

Subject-Specific: There are standards for different subject areas, including but not limited to, mathematics, English language arts, science, and social studies.

Consistent Across Locations: Standards like the Common Core are designed to be consistent across all states that adopt them, providing a uniform framework for education across different regions.

2. Learning Objectives, on the other hand, are specific, measurable goals for what students should achieve through a particular unit, lesson, or activity. They are derived from the broader learning standards and are tailored to the content of a specific lesson or course. Learning objectives are more focused and provide clear targets for instruction and assessment within the classroom.

Key Features of Learning Objectives:

Specific and Measurable: Learning objectives state what students will learn in clear, specific terms. They include verbs that specify the action students will be able to perform, making it possible to assess whether the objective has been achieved.

Short-Term Goals: Unlike standards, which are broad and long-term, learning objectives are usually short-term goals aimed at guiding daily or weekly instruction.

Directly Tied to Instruction and Assessment: Learning objectives directly inform the planning of lessons and activities, as well as the development of assessments to measure student achievement of those objectives.

Differences Between Learning Standards and Learning Objectives:

Scope and Specificity: Learning standards are broad and general, providing long-term educational goals across grade levels and subjects. Learning objectives are specific and focused, detailing the expected outcomes of specific lessons or units.

Purpose and Application: Standards serve as a framework for ensuring consistency in education and setting long-term goals for student achievement. Objectives provide immediate, actionable targets for teaching and learning, guiding lesson planning, instruction, and assessment.

Level of Detail: Standards describe general competencies and knowledge areas, while objectives define precise skills and knowledge students should acquire in the short term, often including criteria for measuring success.

Learning objectives are specific, clear, and measurable statements that define what learners will be able to know, do, or demonstrate after completing a learning activity, lesson, course, or program. They serve as the foundation for educational planning, instruction, and assessment, guiding both teachers and students in the learning process. Learning objectives focus on student outcomes and are framed in a way that allows for the measurement of learning progress and achievement.

Key components of learning objectives include:

1. Action Verb: Specifies the observable action or behavior that students should be able to perform. These verbs are often derived from Bloom's Taxonomy and may include terms like "describe," "analyze," "create," or "evaluate," indicating the level and type of thinking required.

2. Content or Concept: Identifies the subject matter or skills that the students will be learning. This component specifies what the students will be working with or upon to achieve the objective.

3. Criterion or Standard: Sometimes included to specify the level of performance required for achieving the objective. This might indicate how well a task must be completed, how much information should be correctly recalled, or the conditions under which the performance will be assessed.

Learning objectives aim to:

Provide clarity to students about what is expected of them, helping to focus their study efforts.

Guide teachers in selecting and organizing content, instructional strategies, and resources.

Serve as a basis for evaluating student performance and the effectiveness of the instructional design.

Effective learning objectives are student-centered, achievable, relevant to the course or program goals, and aligned with assessment strategies to ensure that what is taught can be evaluated accurately.

3. Differentiation is an educational strategy aimed at tailoring instruction, resources, and learning activities to meet the diverse needs of students within the same classroom. It recognizes that students have varied background knowledge, learning styles, abilities, and interests, and it seeks to provide appropriate challenges and support for each learner to ensure maximum growth and success. Differentiation can be applied to the content (what students learn), the process (how students learn), the product (how students demonstrate their learning), and the learning environment (where and with whom students learn).

Key aspects of differentiation include:

Content Differentiation: Adjusting what is taught or the materials used to ensure all students can access the learning objectives. This might involve simplifying text, providing background knowledge, or offering advanced resources for more capable learners.

Process Differentiation: Varying the activities and methods used to help students learn. This might include using different grouping strategies, offering choices in how to engage with the material, or varying the pace of instruction.

Product Differentiation: Allowing students to demonstrate their learning in different ways. This could involve offering options such as written assignments, presentations, projects, or tests that cater to diverse strengths and preferences.

Learning Environment Differentiation: Creating a classroom setup and culture that supports a variety of learning styles and needs. This might involve physical arrangements that allow for group work or individual study, as well as establishing norms that respect and value diversity.

Differentiation is based on continuous assessment and feedback, requiring teachers to be flexible and responsive to students' evolving needs. The goal is to challenge and support each student effectively, fostering a learning environment where all students can achieve their potential.

4. Formative Assessment

Formative assessment is a type of evaluation used by educators to monitor student learning progress and understand their strengths and weaknesses during the instructional process. It is often informal and occurs continuously throughout the teaching and learning cycle. The primary goal of formative assessment is to provide both teachers and students with feedback that can be used to improve ongoing teaching strategies and learning outcomes. It is not typically used for grading purposes but rather as a tool to guide instructional decisions and enhance student learning.

Examples of Formative Assessment:

Quizzes and in-class assignments that check for understanding

Observations and discussions that reveal student thinking

Peer reviews and self-assessments

Homework assignments that reflect on daily learning objectives

5. Summative Assessment

Summative assessment is used to evaluate student learning at the conclusion of an instructional period, such as the end of a project, unit, semester, or school year. Summative assessments are typically more formal and structured than formative assessments and are used to determine whether students have met the learning objectives of the course. The results of summative assessments are often recorded as scores or grades that contribute to a student's academic record.

Examples of Summative Assessment:

Final exams and standardized tests

End-of-unit projects or presentations

Research papers and essays that culminate a unit of study

Portfolios that compile a student's work over an extended period

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formative assessment.

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Differentiated Instruction: Why, How, and Examples

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Differentiated Instruction: Why, How, and Examples

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Differentiated Instruction: Why, How, and Examples

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Parallel Structure: Multidisciplinary education involves the study of a subject from the perspective of several disciplines in parallel, without necessarily integrating or blending these perspectives.

Discipline-Specific Insights: It emphasizes the contribution of each discipline separately, allowing students to gain a broad understanding of a topic through multiple lenses.

Separate Learning: Each discipline retains its methodology and theoretical framework, and the insights from each are not necessarily synthesized.

Objective: The main goal is to enrich the student's learning experience by exposing them to the diversity of disciplinary perspectives on a topic.A multidisciplinary education example on the topic of "Trees" might look like this:

Science Perspective: Students learn about the biology of trees, including photosynthesis, the parts of a tree, and their role in the ecosystem.

Geography Perspective: They explore the types of forests found around the world and how trees are distributed geographically.

History Perspective: The class examines the significance of trees in historical events and cultural practices, such as the use of specific trees in ceremonies or as symbols in various cultures.

Art Perspective: Students are introduced to how trees have been represented in art over time, analyzing paintings or literature where trees play a central role.

In this example, each discipline offers its own insights into the topic of trees, without necessarily blending these perspectives into a single integrated lesson.

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Integrative Approach: Interdisciplinary education focuses on integrating and synthesizing knowledge and methods from different disciplines to provide a more comprehensive understanding of a topic.

Blended Perspectives: It involves creating connections between disciplines, often resulting in new frameworks, theories, or methodologies that are distinct from those found within any single discipline.

Problem-Centered: This approach is often organized around complex questions, problems, or themes that transcend single disciplines, requiring an integrated approach for resolution.

Objective: The aim is to foster an integrated perspective that can address complex issues more effectively than any single discipline might be able to do on its own.

Using the topic of "Water Conservation" as an example, here's how an interdisciplinary education approach might be structured:

Science and Geography Integration: Students start by learning the science behind the water cycle, the physical properties of water, and its distribution across the planet. This knowledge is then integrated with geography to understand how water scarcity and distribution issues are linked to climate, topography, and human geography.

Economics and Social Studies Integration: The class explores the economic aspects of water use, including the cost of water treatment and distribution, and the economic impacts of water scarcity on agriculture and industry. This is blended with social studies to discuss the societal implications of water conservation, including policies for sustainable water use and the social justice issues related to water access.

Technology and Environmental Science Integration: Students investigate how technology can be used to solve problems of water conservation, such as through the development of water-efficient appliances, rainwater harvesting systems, and wastewater treatment technologies. This is combined with environmental science to understand the ecological benefits of conserving water, such as reducing habitat destruction and preserving aquatic ecosystems.

Art and Language Arts Integration: Finally, students are encouraged to express what they've learned and advocate for water conservation through creative projects. This might include creating persuasive essays, campaigns, digital storytelling, or artwork that communicates the importance of water conservation and the interconnectedness of science, society, and technology in addressing water issues.

This interdisciplinary approach to water conservation not only covers the scientific and geographical aspects of water but also integrates economic, social, technological, and artistic perspectives. It encourages students to synthesize knowledge across disciplines to develop a comprehensive understanding of water conservation and to think creatively about solutions to this complex global issue.

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1. Student Agency: Empowering students to take an active role in their learning by setting their goals, managing their progress, and engaging in self-assessment. Students are encouraged to explore their interests and take initiative in their educational journey.

2. Flexible Pacing: Allowing students to progress through material at their own pace. This means students can spend more time on concepts they find challenging and move faster through areas they grasp more readily, rather than being bound to the pace of the entire class.

3. Tailored Instruction: Adapting teaching methods, content, and resources to accommodate different learning styles and levels of understanding. Instruction is designed based on the individual learner's strengths, needs, and interests.

4. Competency-Based Progression: Students advance based on their demonstration of mastery or competency in a subject, rather than time spent in class. This approach ensures that students fully understand a topic before moving on to more complex concepts.

5. Data-Driven Decisions: Utilizing data from assessments and feedback to inform instruction and make adjustments to learning paths and strategies. This ongoing process of assessment and adjustment helps to ensure that learning experiences remain aligned with student needs.

6. Integrated Technology: Leveraging technology to support personalized learning experiences. Digital tools and platforms can provide adaptive learning experiences, facilitate access to a wide range of resources, and enable students to track their own progress.

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Midterm exam

Essay

Examinations

Portfolios

Tests

School book report

Presentation

Graded tests

Projects

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Summative Assessment: Overview & Examples

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Edutopia is a free source of information, inspiration, and practical strategies for learning and teaching in preK-12 education. We are published by the George Lucas Educational Foundation, a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization.

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Precisely measure student growth and performance with MAP Growth

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MAP Growth is the most trusted and innovative assessment for measuring achievement and growth in K–12 math, reading, language usage, and science.

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i‑Ready supports English Learners

English Learners come from a variety of learning backgrounds, experiences, and communities. provides them with engaging grade-level content and scaffolded support that help them achieve academic success.

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i-Ready Reading: Achieving Growth for All Students | i-Ready

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English Learners come from a variety of learning backgrounds, experiences, and communities. provides them with engaging grade-level content and scaffolded support that help them achieve academic success.

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Free Google Slides themes and Powerpoint templates | Slidesgo

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Discover the best Google Slides themes and PowerPoint templates you can use in your presentations - 100% Free for any use.

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IMPACT Pledge

I believe that we must understand and engage with the great social problems of our era to achieve lasting progress. I commit to developing a robust understanding of the causes of these issues, promoting fact and analysis based diagnosis and problem solving while maintaining a skepticism around the influences of partisanship and ideology in decision making.

I commit to genuine and intellectually honest engagement with our most important issues, fostering open-minded dialogue with peers, stakeholders, and champions of change.

By signing this pledge, I make these commitments publicly, and allow Impact to share my name as a proponent of this vision for the advancement of social progress.

Privacy Policy: We hate spam and promise to keep your email address safe

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I believe that we must understand and engage with the great social problems of our era to achieve lasting progress. I commit to developing a robust understanding of the causes of these issues, promoting fact and analysis based diagnosis and problem solving while maintaining a skepticism around the influences of partisanship and ideology in decision making.

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Teacher training

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6 Ways Teachers Can Foster Cultural Awareness In The Classroom

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6 Ways Teachers Can Foster Cultural Awareness In The Classroom

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6 Ways Teachers Can Foster Cultural Awareness in the Classroom (Opinion)

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Schools that acknowledge the diversity of their student population understand the importance of promoting cultural awareness.

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Social-Emotional Learning: What Is SEL and Why SEL Matters

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Social-Emotional Learning: What Is SEL and Why SEL Matters

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Social-Emotional Learning: What Is SEL and Why SEL Matters

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Important Information For Social-Emotional Learning 

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Important Information For Social-Emotional Learning 

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Social and emotional learning (SEL) is a term for the way children acquire social and emotional skills. It includes things like managing difficult emotions, making responsible decisions, handling stress, setting goals, and building healthy relationships.

Social and emotional learning is often assumed to happen naturally in the course of a child's development without being taught. But when children don't master these skills, they often develop behavior problems that, in turn, can interfere with their functioning in school and their ability to learn.

That's why programs that teach social and emotional skills are now taught in many schools, from pre-kindergarten all the way through high school.

"When kids don't know math, we teach them math - we don't punish them for not knowing how to do math," explains LaKisha Hoffman, MSW, a social worker and a Senior Director of School and Community Programs at the Child Mind Institute. "But when kids don't know how to regulate themselves, we punish them for misbehavior."

Instead, she says, we want to teach kids the skills they're missing - to fill those gaps so they'll be able to manage their emotions, get along with other kids, and succeed in school.

"These are not things that humans naturally just know," adds Caroline Mendel, PsyD, a clinical psychologist and Senior Director of Clinical Services, School, and Community Programs at the Child Mind Institute. "They do need some explicit instruction and then ongoing reinforcement."

One widely used framework for SEL is the CASEL framework, named for an organization that introduced the term SEL over two decades ago. (CASEL stands for the Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning.)

According to the CASEL framework, there are five interrelated areas of competence that makeup SEL:

1. 1. Self-awareness: The ability to identify and recognize one's own emotions and thoughts and understand how they impact behavior.

2. 2. Social awareness: Having empathy and respect for others and the ability to take on different perspectives.

3. 3. Responsible decision-making: The ability to make ethical, constructive choices about personal behavior and social interactions.

4. 4. Self-management: Being able to manage one's emotions and impulses, manage stress, and set personal goals.

5. 5. Relationship skills: Having the capacity to establish and maintain healthy, supportive relationships.

It's been shown that SEL can help children feel more confident and happy in the classroom and in life in general. Research shows that SEL consistently has positive effects on students' success - from their academic performance and behavior to their ability to manage stress.

Other research has shown that these long-term benefits are consistent across demographic groups - meaning that SEL instruction can support the positive development of children from diverse backgrounds and geographies.

There is also evidence that SEL supports educational equity and classroom inclusivity. "When I talk to parents and school leaders," Hoffman adds, "it's clear that another benefit they see from students engaging in SEL is a sense of belonging."

Educators usually integrate SEL into their curricula through both explicit instruction on the competencies and, equally importantly, through ongoing reinforcement of these skills.

Explicit SEL instruction might include lessons on how to identify and label your feelings, build your emotional vocabulary, consider other people's perspectives and experiences, and brainstorm solutions to problems.

But then, the key to effectively teaching SEL competencies is reinforcing these lessons every day in the classroom. "It's not about a standalone activity," explains Dr. Mendel. "It's about having a school culture that's committed to engaging in social-emotional learning - where it's infused into every day, with repetition of the lessons and skills."

For example, while teaching children a lesson on conflict resolution is important, so is coaching them through conflicts when they happen in real-time - reinforcing those skills and giving them a safe space to practice them.

"It's not always activity-based," Hoffman says. "It's thinking about what skills they need to know and how to engage in conversations about them. When they're doing things that cause harm to other people, you're practicing, 'How did that make someone else feel?' to build empathy. It's taking the times that they don't do things right as teaching moments."

SEL programs in schools are often structured across three tiers based on children's needs. Tier one is the standard program, taught to all students, with the aim of helping them develop the competencies and prevent behavioral or emotional problems from developing. Tier two is for children who haven't responded to tier one and show some signs of risk, such as behavioral issues, social difficulties, or academic struggles. Tier three is for students who require more intensive support, potentially through individualized counseling or a behavior intervention plan.

For parents interested in learning more specifics about how evidence-based school programs are rooted in research, the CASEL website provides a lot of information on SEL in the classroom.

Parents are their child's first teachers, and how they model and reinforce SEL competencies at home is essential to kids' social-emotional development. And if they work in partnership, families, and schools can learn from each other about what works best for each individual child.

"I think the partnership between parents and schools is really important," Hoffman says. "There are skills that students are learning in school that they can apply at home, and there are things at home that are working really well for parents - that they may not even define as an SEL skill - that they can communicate with teachers."

For example, a parent could share with the teacher that taking a moment to meditate or focus on deep breaths helps their child handle emotions at home and see if there's a way to integrate that practice into the classroom when needed.

"We have to really value the expertise of the home, as well as the school," concludes Hoffman.

For resources on supporting social-emotional development at home, the site Confident Parents Confident Kids has a lot of helpful books, games, and more.

If you think your child is struggling with social-emotional competencies, the first step is to start a conversation with their teacher about evaluating their progress and considering if they need additional SEL support.

"It's great for all kids to get SEL instruction - these are skills that will help them be successful in their lives," explains Dr. Mendel. "But in terms of whether they might need more than what they're getting, we'd look at how they're functioning. How are they doing academically - is there a decline in their grades? How are they getting along socially with peers - are they getting into frequent conflict? Are they able to manage frustration, sadness, or anxiety in a way that doesn't get in the way of their life?"

If they're struggling with behavior or academics, getting counseling at school or setting up a behavior intervention plan may help. It's also important to consider whether there are underlying issues affecting your child's behavior, Dr. Mendel notes. For example, if a child is depressed and that's making them irritable, they may lash out at other kids, and their behavior can be confused with simply lacking basic relationship skills. Or if they have ADHD, impulsivity may make it very challenging for them to manage their emotions. Getting treatment from a mental health professional for those challenges may be what your child needs to thrive.

What if you would like to see your child's school give more priority to SEL overall? There are ways to advocate for it within your school.

"I think the best way to advocate for it in a school is to show the research and the link to improved academics," advises Dr. Mendel. "Unfortunately, sometimes social-emotional needs can come in second because schools focus on how kids are doing academically. I think showing how the two really go hand in hand and how SEL can be effective in helping schools in the business of teaching - that's a good way to do that advocacy."

The CASEL website provides a great deal of additional support on how to make the case for SEL.

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What Is Social and Emotional Learning? - Child Mind Institute

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How Social and Emotional Learning programs help kids succeed in school

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Pear Deck is on a mission to help teachers create powerful learning moments for every student, every day - using the tools you already know and love.

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Dr. Jennifer Economos - Resources for Teachers!

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Here are some valuable resources for current and prospective teachers including resources, videos, etc.

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Lumio: The Online Learning Software for Collaborative Learning

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We define social and emotional learning (SEL) as an integral part of education and human development. SEL is the process through which all young people and adults acquire and apply the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to develop healthy identities, manage emotions and achieve personal and collective goals, feel and show empathy for others, establish and maintain supportive relationships, and make responsible and caring decisions.

SEL advances educational equity and excellence through authentic school-family-community partnerships to establish learning environments and experiences that feature trusting and collaborative relationships, rigorous and meaningful curriculum and instruction, and ongoing evaluation. SEL can help address various forms of inequity and empower young people and adults to co-create thriving schools and contribute to safe, healthy, and just communities.

New to Social and Emotional Learning? Start here (2 min. read).

Think of a young person in your life. What skills will they need to achieve their hopes and dreams?

Chances are, you just named social and emotional skills - like staying motivated, communicating effectively, practicing curiosity, and working with others to solve problems. Social and emotional learning, or SEL, helps develop the skills we need for life.
Hear why students, parents, and educators want SEL in schools. Here are 3 things to know about social and emotional learning:

1. Social and emotional learning is a foundation for many of our most pressing priorities: SEL helps young people - and adults - learn and practice skills that set them up for academic success, fulfilling careers, healthy relationships, and responsible civic engagement.

2. The research is clear: Social and emotional learning in schools leads to positive outcomes, including better academic performance, and decreases in stress and anxiety.

3. There's no one-size-fits-all approach: Social and emotional learning brings families, schools, and communities together to make sure every child has caring relationships and what they need to learn, grow, and thrive.

Subscribe now for our expertly curated 3-part email series delivered straight to your inbox. We'll roundup the key facts from our website on SEL is, it matters, and it shows up in schools.

By submitting this form, you are consenting to receive marketing emails from: . You can revoke your consent to receive emails at any time by using the SafeUnsubscribe® link, found at the bottom of every email. Emails are serviced by Constant Contact

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SEL can help all young people and adults thrive personally and academically, develop and maintain positive relationships, become lifelong learners, and contribute to a more caring, just world.

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TEACH Online Services

You can keep watch over the progress of your application by monitoring your TEACH online services account. This can be done by logging in to your TEACH account and viewing your Account Information page. From your Account Information page, you will be able to check on the status of a pending application and see when documents you have submitted have been received and entered, into your Account. You will want to take note of the application status, as noted on your Account Information page. Applications are evaluated in the order in which they enter "ready for review" status.

TEACH is compatible with Google Chrome and Microsoft Edge.
TEACH Log In issues?
If you receive a message that your TEACH account is assigned to a different username, try deleting your browser history. Directions for these internet browsers can be found below:

Chrome: chrome://settings/clearBrowserData

If you do not have a NY.gov TEACH account, create one here

If you have a NY.gov account with another State Agency, click here

Public School Districts, Private School Administrators, and New York College/University access to Ny.gov TEACH

Last Updated: December 8, 2022

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TEACH Resources: TEACH System :OTI:NYSED

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NYSUT's Education & Learning Trust (ELT) offers professional learning on a broad range of topics designed to improve the professional skills of educators.

Courses and seminars are available in-person and online and can be used to meet certification requirements or fulfill CTLE hours. Many are provided at a reduced cost for NYSUT members.

ELT training covers critical topics such as:

ENL / English Language Learners

Dignity for All Students Act (DASA)

Students with Disabilities

Autism Training

About CTLE Requirements

As of 2016, the State Education Department requires Continuing Teacher and Leader Education (CTLE) for all holders of professional classroom teaching, educational leadership, or Level III teaching assistant certificates.

Certificate holders must complete 100 hours of CTLE training within a five-year period. Details on exact rules and how to track your hours can be found on the SED website.

NYSUT ELT is an SED-approved provider for CTLE requirements.

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Continuing Teacher and Leader Education (CTLE) Requirement

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Continuing Teacher and Leader Education (CTLE) Requirement

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Continuing Teacher and Leader Education (CTLE) Requirement

Educators who hold one or more of the following certificates are subject to the continuing teacher and leader education (CTLE) requirement:

Professional certificate in the classroom teaching service

Professional certificate in the educational leadership service (i.e., School Building Leader, School District Leader, and School District Business Leader)

Teaching Assistant Level III certificate

Examples of educators who do not need to complete the CTLE requirement include, but are not limited to, educators who:

Hold only Permanent certificate(s)

Hold a Statement of Continued Eligibility (SOCE) and Permanent certificate, and does not also hold a Professional or TA Level III certificate; and

Have "Registered - Inactive" status (e.g., not practicing in an applicable school).

The registration and CTLE requirements do not apply to educators who hold a certificate in the pupil personnel service (e.g., School Attendance Teacher, School Counselor, School Psychologist, School Social Worker) or hold a Teaching Assistant Level I or Level II certificate.

There is one CTLE requirement per educator (e.g., 100 clock hours), regardless of the number of certificates held that are subject to CTLE. Educators who are subject to CTLE and practice in an applicable school throughout their five-year registration period must complete 100 clock hours of acceptable CTLE.

Information about CTLE is available through the following links:

Last Updated: June 24, 2021

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Educators who hold one or more of the following certificates are subject to the continuing teacher and leader education (CTLE) requirement: Professional certificate in the classroom teaching service Professional certificate in the educational leadership service (i.e., School Building Leader, School District Leader, and School District Business Leader) Teaching Assistant Level

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Steps To Take When Reading A Research Article 

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Steps To Take When Reading A Research Article 

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LibGuides: Research Process: Reading a Scientific Article

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This policy aims to foster a positive online learning environment on Zoom/

Students should participate in a quiet, professional space with minimal distractions while maintaining professional attire.

Students are encouraged to use the 'Raise Hand' feature in Zoom for immediate questions directly related to the class content being discussed.

The instructor will address these questions promptly, aiming to keep the class on track and ensure clarity for all students.

Concerns not directly related to the class content, especially those concerning teaching methods or grades, should not be addressed during class time. A private meeting during a mutual date and time should be scheduled.

To maintain a conducive learning environment, students are expected to mute their microphones when not speaking and use the chat function.

Students are expected to remain in the Zoom meeting with cameras on when possible.

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Online Learning

Online learning is a mode of education where students engage with their course materials, participate in learning activities, and interact with instructors and peers entirely over the internet. This format allows for both synchronous (live) and asynchronous (on-demand) engagement, providing flexibility in terms of when and where students can learn. It eliminates the need for physical presence in a traditional classroom setting.

Blended Learning

Blended learning, also known as hybrid learning, combines online educational materials and opportunities for online interaction with traditional place-based classroom methods. It requires the physical presence of both teacher and student, with some element of student control over time, place, path, or pace. Blended learning involves an integrated approach where students can engage in face-to-face learning sessions as well as complete online components of the course.

Hybrid Learning

Hybrid learning is often used interchangeably with blended learning, but it can also specifically refer to a course where students have the option to attend sessions in the classroom, participate online, or do both. Hybrid learning strategies aim to combine the best aspects of in-person and online learning, maximizing flexibility and engagement by allowing students to choose the learning format that best suits their needs for each part of the course.

Asynchronous Learning

Asynchronous learning refers to a learning model that does not require participants to be online at the same time. Materials, lectures, tests, and assignments can be accessed at any time. Students can interact with instructors and each other via discussion boards, emails, or other digital platforms that do not require real-time communication. This format offers high flexibility, allowing students to learn at their own pace within a given timeframe.

Synchronous Learning

Synchronous learning is the opposite of asynchronous learning. It requires all participants to be present at the same time, though not necessarily in the same place. This can include live online lectures, webinars, real-time discussions, and live streaming classes. Synchronous learning facilitates instant feedback and interaction, closely mimicking the traditional classroom experience in an online setting.

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How to Use Google Classroom - Tutorial for Beginners

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Create an Engaging Online Lesson from Start to Finish

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Create an Engaging Online Lesson from Start to Finish

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Classroom can be learned in minutes and serves all types of learners and educators, regardless of their tech savviness. Empower educators, and encourage adoption and proficiency with new tools and techniques, with a broad range of resources.

Teachers can immediately set up classes, easily create coursework, distribute it to the whole class, and grade it efficiently and transparently.

Admins have as much control as they need while they access and analyze their data for insights and choose from a range of upgrade options for additional capabilities to fit their specific needs.

Need more information about Classroom?

Bring all of your tools together with Google Workspace for Education

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Both parents and teachers need to help students be good digital citizens. They both need to support students in using the internet in ways that are safe, responsible, and appropriate. They also help students follow the rules and act in ways that lead to effective digital learning. Here are the responsibilities expected of, parents, students, and teachers:

Parent Responsibilities

Student Responsibilities

Follow the rules

Follow all school and class rules for using technology

Act responsibly to all-both online and face-to-face

Collaborate in positive ways that help you learn

Use technology to support an inclusive school community

Stay safe

Only use accounts that belong to you.

Protect passwords-don't share them with others

Don't automatically save passwords on school devices

Don't give out personal information online without your parent's permission

Have permission from a parent before meeting anyone in person that you have met only online

Take care of things

Respect and care for both:

Student work (yours and your peers)

Devices

Take care of each other

Only download music, photographs, or video if you have permission from your teacher

Follow the owner's instructions for use

If you don't know whether you can use something you found online, ask the owner for permission

Follow your teacher's directions for fundraising online

See something that is inappropriate, threatening, or unkind? Here is what you can do:

Reach out to a trusted adult

Email RespectForAll@schools.nyc.gov

Call Respect for All at 212-374-2350

Students who do not act responsibly may face the consequences explained in the Discipline Code and Chancellor's Regulations.

Families, Students, and Social Media

Families today have a new role: helping children behave safely and responsibly when they're using social media. The Student Social Media Guidelines focus on these areas:

Create Your Digital Image

Post Responsibly

Consider the Consequences

Cyberbullying

Read the guides available for Students 12 and Younger or 13 and Older. And families of Students 12 and Younger or 13 and Older.

Teacher Responsibilities

To Students

Teach students how to act when working online with others

Go over the online guidelines with students. Make sure they know:

How to use the internet safely and responsibly

Appropriate ways to react to cyberbullying

If students misbehave, they may lose their online rights.
You must then offer other ways that they can complete their work.

Protect student information as stated in the:

As part of the Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA) we have filters that block websites if they are:

inappropriate for minors

lack educational or work-related content

poses a threat.
If such a site is discovered, the teacher should inform their principal to address the issue.

To Parents

Let parents know if students need to communicate with people outside of your class (other classes, experts, authors).

You usually need parental consent to share student information. There are some exceptions. Refer to the Privacy Policy to learn how information is protected, collected, and used.

Review the discipline code.

To Themselves

Follow Chancellor's Regulation A-610 to raise money for school activities.

Review the educator materials under Helpful Links on the Digital Citizenship page of the Employee InfoHub .

Contact a supervisor if you encounter:

Inappropriate use

Communications that violate DOE policies or regulations

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Both parents and teachers need to help students be good digital citizens. Here are the responsibilities expected of, parents, students, and teachers.