# data[].attributes.body
One of the things I learned from this Module is that Top level Mangement are the bosses of the organization. And include titles such as CEO, COO, CMO, CTO, CFO, and CCO. Top level managers are responsible for the long-term success of the organization. They set long-term goals and define strategies to achieve them.

# data[].attributes.body
Another thing I learned about this module is that there are skills that Top level managers need to succeed, and specific skills are common to all. One of those skills is technical skills. And an example of a this is a front-line manager coaching an employee on its operation but also be able to explain the basic functions of the machinery to upper managers

# data[].attributes.headline
Module 2 Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility

# data[].attributes.subject
Module 2 Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility

# data[].attributes.body
In Module 2 I learned about business ethics. Business ethics is the ethics of conduct or behavior of the members of a business organization. The need for ethics in business is twofold. First, it prevents the external constituents of an organization from being harmed. Second, it benefits the organization internally by helping to ensure its success. Good business ethics involves adhering to laws, regulations, and standards for fair employment, product safety and quality, truthful advertisement, and environmental responsibility. Also, The reputation of a company reflects the ethical or unethical decisions of managers, and consumers often purchase the products or services of companies with a positive reputation.

# data[].attributes.headline
Module 2 Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility

# data[].attributes.subject
Module 2 Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility

# data[].attributes.body
Another thing I learned from module 2 is that culture and diversity is a key factor to an organization. As quoted by Tony Hsieh, the current CEO of Zappos.com. “If you get the culture right, most of the other stuff will just take care of itself”. This is the strategic advantage of having a culture that resonates throughout the entire organization, it leads to a highly motivated team that is success focused.

# data[].attributes.headline
Module 3 Management within a Global Organization 

# data[].attributes.subject
Module 3 Management within a Global Organization 

# data[].attributes.body
In Module 3 I learned about global organizations. Globalization is the process by which the exchange of goods, services, capital, technology, and knowledge across international borders becomes increasingly interconnected. Globalization creates new opportunities for businesses to increase profits by expanding markets and by allowing wider access to resources. On the other hand, globalization also opens domestic markets to new competitors, decreasing demand for local products.

# data[].attributes.body
Also, in this module, I learned about the Barriers to individual decision-making. When making decisions, you will face many barriers, including the quality of information you have, the amount of time allowed, and several cognitive biases that will influence your decisions. In addition to barriers, we’ll also look at some common styles of decision-making, including satisficing, optimizing, intuitive, rational, combinatorial, and positional.

# data[].attributes.headline
Module 3 Management within a Global Organization 

# data[].attributes.subject
Module 3 Management within a Global Organization 

# data[].attributes.body
Also, I learned about the key characteristic of globalization, which is political, economic, and cultural. Political globalizations lead to the creation of the United Nations and the World Trade Organization because of the increasing need for political cooperation at the global level. Economic globalization, give nations with limited resources and access goods and knowledge that help to raise their standards of living. And Cultural globalization has heightened the awareness of the many, many languages, religions, cuisines, arts, literature, and dress that constitute cultures around the world.

# data[].attributes.body
In this module I learned that 4 management functions are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Planning is usually the first step. Planning is the process of setting goals and defining the actions required to achieve the goals. Planning begins with goals. Goals are derived from vision and mission statements, but these statements describe what the organization wants to achieve, not necessarily what it can achieve. The organization step contains the S.W.O.T analysis. The swot analysis stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Strengths and weaknesses are caused by internal factors such as employees and lack of products or inventory. Opportunities and threats are caused by external factors such as a changed law that can benefit your business and businesses that compete with you.

# data[].attributes.headline
Module 5 Organizational Structure and Processes

# data[].attributes.subject
Module 5 Organizational Structure and Processes

# data[].attributes.body
In this module, I learned the four key elements of an organization’s structure: common purpose, coordinated effort, division of labor, and hierarchy of authority. A common purpose unifies employees and helps them understand the organization’s direction. In a coordinated effort Managers will need to leverage the employees’ skill sets, experience, and personalities in a way that consistently adds value. Managers must also take into account employees’ preferences as they relate to job satisfaction and engagement. The division of labor describes the degree to which a task is divided into separate jobs or departments to improve efficiency. Hierarchy determines the formal, position-based reporting lines and expresses who reports to whom.

# data[].attributes.headline
Module 5 Organizational Structure and Processes

# data[].attributes.subject
Module 5 Organizational Structure and Processes

# data[].attributes.body
Another thing I learned about this module is the Flatter organizational structures. The Flatter organizational structures use the flat structure model that focuses on horizontal growth, digging deeper, expanding knowledge, and getting better at core competencies. The benefit to employees is greater autonomy, as they have the freedom to work amongst each other without the titles of hierarchy slowing down communication.

# data[].attributes.headline
Module 6 Managing Human Resources and Communications

# data[].attributes.subject
Module 6 Managing Human Resources and Communications

# data[].attributes.body
What I learned in this module is that HR use policies to support the business’s strategic goals and increase their competitive advantage. In practice, that means making sure the key elements of HR are aligned with the organization’s strategy. For example, if one of your organizational goals is to create innovative products, your HR policies might allow employees a certain amount of time to work on their own ideas.

# data[].attributes.headline
Module 6 Managing Human Resources and Communications

# data[].attributes.subject
Module 6 Managing Human Resources and Communications

# data[].attributes.body
Also, in this module, I learned that there are 3 types of communication: Verbal, written, and nonverbal. However, the most common communication vehicles are oral, non-verbal, written, and electronic. Oral communication describes the verbal exchange of information, emotions, thoughts, and perceptions. It includes speeches, presentations, conversations, and discussions. Body language and tone of voice play a significant role in how oral communication is perceived. Written communication includes e-mail, memos, and reports. There is usually a gap of time and space between the creation/transmission of a written message and its receipt. Electronic communication uses a variety of digital technologies to carry messages between senders and recipients. Non-verbal communication includes expressing emotions and expressing interpersonal attitudes with speech to manage the cues of interaction between speakers and listeners presenting one’s personality and conducting rituals (greetings).

# data[].attributes.body
In this module, I learned that Leadership is the process by which an individual mobilizes people and resources to achieve a goal. It requires both a set of skills that can be learned as well as certain attributes that can be nurtured. Leaders inspire, challenge, and encourage others. They can persuade and influence, and they show resilience and persistence. All aspects of society have leaders. The concept of leader may call to mind a CEO, a prime minister, a general, a sports team captain, or a school principal; examples of leadership exist across a variety of organizations.

# data[].attributes.body
Also, in this module, I learned about Intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation including many internal sources of motivation. These might include interest beliefs personal enjoyment pleasure sense of accomplishment personal pride Skill development and competency social status Power. Extrinsic motivation includes motivational stimuli that come from outside the individual. These stimuli take the form of tangible rewards, such as commissions, bonuses, raises, promotions, and additional time off from work. For example, an employee who will take on extra work provided there is a sufficient reward for this extra effort, is extrinsically motivated.

# data[].attributes.headline
Module 8 Controlling Performance and Operations

# data[].attributes.subject
Module 8 Controlling Performance and Operations

# data[].attributes.body
In this module, I learned about total quality management. Total quality management is the continuous management of quality in all aspects of an organization. Quality management is the study of improving the quality of a company’s products and services. Total quality management promotes the importance of improving quality continuously. TQM asserts that quality improvement is a consistent source of strategic advantage because it eliminates waste and creates higher consistency. TQM involves all levels of staff and management, as well as facilities, equipment, labor, supplies, customers, policies, and procedures.

# data[].attributes.headline
Module 8 Controlling Performance and Operations

# data[].attributes.subject
Module 8 Controlling Performance and Operations

# data[].attributes.body
Also, I learned about Project management audits. Project management audits are used to determine and control the quality, completion, and timing of a project. The general definition of an audit is an evaluation of a person, organization, system, process, enterprise, project, or product. Also, there are different types of project audits. Internal audit in project management is usually more or less like a check-up: it assesses the current state of a project and prescribes actions that will increase its success. Audits in project management also include regulatory audits to provide external verification that a project is compliant with regulations and standards. Best practices of auditing dictate that a regulatory audit must be accurate, objective, and independent while providing oversight and assurance to the organization.