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Harvard was the first school for higher education founded in 1636. The Puritans settled and planned to train people to spread the gospel; this was Harvard's mission.

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During the 1600s and early 1700s, children in the South were educated if their parents could afford private tutors.

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Schools like these had one teacher who educated students of all ages in one room. Parents had to pay for their children to attend. If they could not pay tuition directly, sometimes they provided housing for the teacher or gave other materials as an exchange.

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A major development in education was The American Spelling Book written by Noah Webster. It set spelling and grammatical standards for the English language in America. Known as "Blue-Backed Speller", it was first published in 1783.

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Massachusetts was the first state to create a Board of Education in 1837. The state had already established free public schools for every grade. This education structure was started by Horace Mann, a state legislator. He believed education could bridge all kinds of societal and economic gaps. In his time with the Massachusetts Board of Education, he worked to extend the school year to six months as well as increase pay to teachers and provide better resources in the classrooms.

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The federal Department of Education was founded in 1867. It helped establish a national standard for education.

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After the American Civil War, during the Reconstruction Era, public schooling became common in the South.

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By 1900, school attendance was mandatory for students aged 8-14 in 31 states. In 1918, all states required students to complete elementary school.

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John Dewey's idea of progressive education

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John Dewey's idea of progressive education

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John Dewey's idea of progressive education encouraged children to advocate for and engage in a democratic society. Under Dewey's theory, children would be educated to reach their full potential. The idea started in the late 1800s and grew rampant in the 1930s.

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Social issues that had been developing since the Civil War began to redefine who was allowed to benefit from public education. Despite the Brown vs. Board of Education Supreme Court ruling in 1954, the United States had radically segregated schools through the 1960s.

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Lawmakers enacted new legislation to assist students. In 1965, Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act gave additional funding to local schools educating socioeconomically-limited children. That same year, low to middle income students became eligible for federal aid beyond high school through the Higher Education Act.

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Between the 1960s and the 1970s, legislators passed various acts to prohibit discrimination against gender, race, and disabilities in public schools. These include the Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, Title IX of the Education Amendments Act, and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act.

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Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975

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Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975

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The Education for All Handicapped Children Act was established in 1975. It required public schools to facilitate suitable and free education for students with disabilities.

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Education for All Handicapped Children Act

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Expectations continue to change for education. In 2001, President George W. Bush reauthorized the Elementary and Secondary Act. It was renamed No Child Left Behind, bringing in standards-based testing reforms and penalties for schools that6 fail to meet adequate yearly progress goals.

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President Obama reauthorized the Elementary and Secondary Education Act in 2015 as the Every Student Succeeds Act, which provides many measures of assessments for student achievement.

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The Biden Administration is working to create education programs that would signify the most federal involvement in almost half a century, reports The Washington Post. His plan involves 17 years of school attendance instead of the traditional 13-year method. Under this proposed plan, pre-kindergarten would be available for three-year-old children, and the first two years of community college would be free. At this date, the Biden Administration had already invested hundreds of billions of taxpayer dollars into the education system.