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Education should primarily prepare individuals for democratic participation, with an emphasis on liberal arts education to foster critical thinking and civic skills.

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Education’s primary purpose is to prepare individuals for success in the workforce and to contribute to economic growth.

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Allen argues that education's primary function is to develop informed, engaged citizens capable of participating in democracy.

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She references historical examples, such as the American founders, who were trained in the liberal arts and used that education to shape democratic governance​.

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The liberal arts (philosophy, history, literature) build essential skills like critical thinking, ethical reasoning, and the ability to analyze political systems.

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The Inadequacy of STEM for Civic Preparation

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The Inadequacy of STEM for Civic Preparation

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While STEM education is vital for technological and economic progress, it does not equip students with the broader social and political awareness needed for democratic engagement.

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Allen acknowledges the importance of STEM but emphasizes the need for balance between STEM and liberal arts education.

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The global economy demands specialized skills, particularly in STEM fields, which are crucial for employment opportunities and economic advancement.

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Employment data show increasing demand for workers in STEM fields, where salaries are higher and job growth is way better.

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STEM’s Role in Solving Global Challenges

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STEM’s Role in Solving Global Challenges

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STEM education is essential for solving pressing global issues, such as climate change, healthcare advancements, and technological innovation.

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Efficiency and Specialization in Education

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Efficiency and Specialization in Education

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Vocational training and STEM education can be more efficient, as they target specific career paths and meet the immediate needs of the labor market.

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Countries with strong STEM education systems often have higher GDP growth.