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How Acculturation, Familism and Gender roles affect the attitudes and filial caregiving practices among family caregivers among immigrant families.

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Identified as an INDEPENDENT VARIABLE.
I am looking to test the relationship and see if there is a correlation/relationship.
Acculturation is the adaptation/assimilating to a host or new country.

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Familism is a main independent variable that I have noticed across my research to contributing to caregiving practices and attitudes, it also has referred to measuring levels of burden.

Familism can be defined among different cultures and also looks different for various families and cultures.

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Females are commonly recognized as caregivers for families and is their attitudes influenced by gender roles, or by the other two themes?
What would be more powerful in affecting filial piety and responsibilities in caregiving? gender roles or acculturation or familism?

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Daughter-in-laws are also known to be family caregivers, and it is worth exploring how marriage affects filial piety for a non-blood related family.

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Theme 4: Caregiving practices and intensity of care

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Theme 4: Caregiving practices and intensity of care

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Rather than focusing on specific caregiving practices for family members with a specific diagnosis, caregivers are those who assist in the activities of daily living and assist with other levels to ensure accommodate the changes in the CR.

Identifying what caregiving severity looks like and what the definition of "caregiving" is important to include moving forward

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Family relationships are incredibly complex and change rapidly.
Are there influences on the independent variable on the relationship with the care-giver and the care-recipient?

Parent/parent-in-law to adult children are the most common caregiving relationship.

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Theme 6: Filial Piety and Filial Responsibility 

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Theme 6: Filial Piety and Filial Responsibility 

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FPFR Is known to have the action of caregiving to be a mandatory or obligatory action that children are expected to perform, therefore, does acculturating to a new culture affect the way family caregivers perform their filial piety/and or their attitudes towards caregiving?

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Main demographic I am looking to are family caregivers that identify as one racial/ethnic background as it would be easier to gather more eligible participants to include

Main criteria: 18 +, must be caring for a family member/relative 6 months +, live with or in proximity to CR, severity of care (low 1-2x/week, moderate 2-4x/week, intense 5 or more x/week), must come from an immigrant family, and can identify as 1st, 2nd, or 3rd generation.

Online surveys distributed to gather eligible participants.

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My approach: qualitative strategies, included Likert scales, questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews. The combination of these approaches will hopefully obtain further information that can be codified, and then later examined, it is more flexible and the scales and questionnaires can be completed at the participant's own time, and interviews can be set up virtually, and 1-1.

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- Finding participants
- Participants to be either one racial/ethnic background, OR use participants from two cultural backgrounds.

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Qual/Quan/Mixed:

Mixed

Research Method:

Recruitment: online survey

Structured scales (Quan) and semi-structured interviews (qual).

Potential method: Open-ended structured questionnaires?

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Steps:

1. Online survey to gather participants will have a disclaimer before they start (one the first page) and before they hit submit (agreement box)

2. Once participants are selected, they will be given a written notice of the details below, and will be asked to sign the required documents (right as a participant, potential harm/trigger topics will be shared at this moment)

3. Data collection/day to perform interviews, verbal confinements of confidentially are stated, verbal consent will be asked to be said/contained.

Important details:

State purpose of the study.

Written disclaimers

Documents and copies of signed documents

Active recall of rights as a participants

The purpose of the information gathered, what it will be used for, and how identity/autonomy will be preserved.

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1. Send out online survey across campus to gain eligible participants (survey open for 2 weeks)

1. Microsoft forms/Google Forms

2. Review survey and select participants (2 days)

3. Contact and distribute consent to proceed with mixed method data collection – all voluntary participants must provide an answer before moving onto the next step (1 week, deadline end of the week)

4. Participants will be given a calendar/booking system to determine the best time and date to attend a 30 minute online interview

1. Zoom links will be provided based on booking.

2. (booking will include evenings and weekends to provide further flexibility in attendance) (availability will be across a 2 week period, for example, November 1st to November 15th).

5. Scales/questionnaires (quantitative) will be distributed first to participants after all consent forms have been collected and when they select a booking date to attend an interview – participants will have 7 days to complete and submit the questionnaire (1 week).

6. Based on booking, interviews (qualitative) will take place (2 weeks – within the available timeline).

Estimated timeline:

6 weeks and 2 days.

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Measuring the scales/questionnaires will be numerically valued by using a Likert-scale or other form of ranking based on previous scales used in the literature.

Interviews will be recorded (with consent from participant) and will be transcribed, and based on the interviews, key words and themes will be identified, next will look into collecting the mode of the word/theme.

Concept maps, spreadsheets, and word clouds will be ways to visualize the qualitiative data.

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1. Zarit Burden Scale

2. Expectations of Filial Piety Scale

3. Gender Role Expectation Bem Sex-Role Inventory

4. The Familism Scale

5. Activities of Daily Living Scale

6. Filial Values Index.