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<1.3ppm
Eating or drinking copper does not usually cause illness in most healthy people. Most people's bodies process copper effectively. However, it is possible that eating or drinking too much copper can cause headaches, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps, nausea, liver damage, and kidney disease.

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The present recommended limit for iron in water, 0.3 mg/l (ppm), is based on taste and appearance rather than on any detrimental health effect.

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The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets standards and regulations for many different contaminants in public drinking water, including disease-causing germs and chemicals. Read the information below to learn more about EPA's drinking water regulations.

The Safe Drinking Water Act

The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) was passed by Congress in 1974, with amendments added in 1986 and 1996, to protect our drinking water. Under the SDWA, EPA sets the standards for drinking water quality and monitors states, local authorities, and water suppliers who enforce those standards. As part of the SDWA, EPA has set maximum contaminant levels, as well as treatment requirements for over 90 different contaminants in public drinking water.

National Primary Drinking Water Regulations

National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR) are standards and treatment techniques that public water systems must follow. These regulations protect public health by limiting contaminant levels in drinking water.

National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations

National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations (NSDWR) are guidelines to help public water systems manage their drinking water for issues not related to health, such as taste, color, and smell. Water systems are not required to follow these water quality standards for the 15 contaminants listed. Although these contaminants may not be harmful to public health, if they are in water at levels above the standards, they can cause the water to look cloudy or colored, or to taste or smell bad.

Unregulated Contaminants

The SDWA includes a process that EPA must follow to name unregulated contaminants that may require regulation in the future. EPA must publish this list of contaminants-called the "Contaminant Candidate List," or CCL-every five years and decide whether to regulate at least five or more of the contaminants on the list (called "Regulatory Determinations").

Bottled Water Regulations

The SDWA does not apply to bottled water. Bottled water is regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, not EPA.

Consumer Confidence Reports

Every public water system or community water supplier must provide an annual report, sometimes called a Consumer Confidence Report (CCR), to its customers. The report provides information on local drinking water quality, including the water's source, contaminants found in the water, and how consumers can help protect their drinking water.

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national primary drinking water regulations

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national secondary drinking water regulations

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Drinking Water Standards and Regulations

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The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets standards and regulations for many different contaminants in public drinking water, including disease-causing germs and chemicals. Read the information below to learn more about EPA's drinking water regulations.

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Steele Brook

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The standard in drinking water for sulfate is 250 parts per million (ppm).
Potential health effects of sulfate and hydrogen sulfide in drinking water. Sulfate may have a laxative effect that can lead to dehydration and is of special concern for infants. With time, most individuals will become acclimated to the sulfate and the symptoms disappear. Hydrogen sulfide is flammable and poisonous.

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Mr. Dunn's Stream

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ph level for drinking water and health effects 

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ph level for drinking water and health effects 

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There has been no evidence of harm found in drinking water with a pH of between 7 and 8.5. (Interesting to note: The pH of human blood is a little on the basic side, 7.365.) When the PH of water becomes greater than 8.5, water taste can become more bitter.

The pH of your body depends on how well your kidneys are doing their job. If your water is too “acidic” or too “basic” — meaning it's been contaminated with caustic cleaners or acids — your pH can be thrown off, which could make you very sick, damage certain tissues, or even kill you.

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Nitrate can affect how our blood carries oxygen. Nitrate can turn hemoglobin (the protein in blood that carries oxygen) into methemoglobin . High levels can turn skin to a bluish or gray color and cause more serious health effects like weakness, excess heart rate, fatigue, and dizziness.

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health effects of lead in drinking water 

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health effects of lead in drinking water 

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It can cause damage to the brain and kidneys, and can interfere with the production of red blood cells that carry oxygen to all parts of your body.

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Potters Pond

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Echo Lake

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Chlorination is an incredibly effective method when done correctly, however, finding the correct ratio can be very difficult with limited equipment, which makes in unfit to be our first option. The process involves adding a certain amount of chlorine-based product to water in hopes of killing bacteria and viruses.

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not testing for this

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Pecks Swamp

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The standard for Nitrate is 10 mg/L or ppm and for Nitrite it is 1 mg/L or ppm.

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Boiling water gets rid of the dangerous toxins inside of it. However, murky water can't be fixed with boiling it.

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<10 parts per billion (ppb)
Long-term exposure to arsenic from drinking-water and food can cause cancer and skin lesions. It has also been associated with cardiovascular disease and diabetes. In utero and early childhood exposure has been linked to negative impacts on cognitive development and increased deaths in young adults.

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The contain a LED light emitter inside of them which kills microbes rapidly. Require batteries.

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P&G Water Purifier Packets

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Source: EPA

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On this page:

Rule Summary
40 CFR Part 141 Subpart I
Lead and copper enter drinking water primarily through plumbing materials. Exposure to lead and copper may cause health problems ranging from stomach distress to brain damage.

In 1991, EPA published a regulation to control lead and copper in drinking water. This regulation is known as the Lead and Copper Rule (also referred to as the LCR). Since 1991 the LCR has undergone various revisions, see the Rule History section below.

The treatment technique for the rule requires systems to monitor drinking water at customer taps. If lead concentrations exceed an action level of 15 ppb

or copper concentrations exceed an action level of 1.3 ppm in more than 10% of customer taps sampled, the system must undertake a number of additional actions to control corrosion.

If the action level for lead is exceeded, the system must also inform the public about steps they should take to protect their health and may have to replace lead service lines under their control.

Rule History

The Lead and Copper Rule can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations.

Long Term Revisions

EPA's 2021 Revised Lead and Copper Rule better protects children and communities from the risks of lead exposure by better protecting children at schools and child care facilities, getting the lead out of our nation's drinking water, and empowering communities through information.

Short Term Revisions

In 2007, EPA revised the Lead and Copper Rule to enhance implementation in the areas of monitoring, treatment, customer awareness, and lead service line replacement. The update also enhanced public education requirements and ensured drinking water consumers receive is: meaningful, timely and useful information. These changes are also known as the "Short-Term Revisions to the Lead and Copper Rule."

Minor Revisions

In 2004, EPA published minor corrections to the LCR to reinstate text that was inadvertently dropped from the rule during previous revisions.

In 2000, EPA published revisions to the LCR to address implementation issues arising from legal challenges to the 1991 rule. The revisions also streamlined and reduced monitoring and reporting burden.

(66 pp, 497 K, Federal Register Notice of Final Rule, January 12, 2000(PDF)About PDF)

(3 pp, 31 K, Lead and Copper Rule Minor Revisions: Fact Sheet (PDF)About PDF) EPA 815-F-99-010, December 1999

1998 Notice of Data Availability on the minor revisions to the Lead and Copper Rule

Fact Sheets supporting the 2000 revisions

(2 pp, 27 K, Using DWSRF Set-Aside Funds for Capacity Development (PDF)About PDF) EPA 816-F-00-11, March 2000

The 1991 Rule

In 1991, EPA published the LCR to minimize lead and copper in drinking water. The rule replaced the previous standard of 50 ppb, measured at the entry point to the distribution system.

The rule established a maximum contaminant level goal (MCLG) of zero for lead in drinking water and a treatment technique to reduce corrosion of lead and copper within the distribution system.
Lead and Copper Rule Historical Documents
Additional Resources

Quick Reference Guides

These documents provide a simple and straightforward description of the Rule. It includes deadlines and requirements for public water systems (PWSs) and states, and information on monitoring requirements.

Drinking Water Regulations Under Development or Review

You will need the free Adobe Reader to view some of the files on this page. See EPA's PDF page to learn more. If you need help accessing these PDF documents below, please contact EPA's Safe Drinking Water Hotline at 1-800-426-4791.

Water Supply Guidance Manual

EPA periodically issues memorandums which clarify drinking water policies and regulations. These policy memos have been collected into a water supply guidance (WSG) manual which is made available to states and public water systems to assist in implementation of the Safe Drinking Water Act.

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On this page: 40 CFR Part 141 Subpart I Lead and copper enter drinking water primarily through plumbing materials. Exposure to lead and copper may cause health problems ranging from stomach distress to brain damage. In 1991, EPA published a regulation to control lead and copper in drinking water.

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Lead < 15 ppb

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Life straw