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DONATELLO

Lived from 1386-1466

One of the most influential Florentine sculptors of the early Italian Renaissance

He is considered the most important sculptor of the early renaissance and one of the pioneers of modern sculpture

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JOHANNES GUTENBERG

Lived from 1400-1468

He was a german craftsman and inventor who revolutionized information sharing

He is the inventor of the printing press, which made books and documents cheaper and more accessible, making knowledge more reliable

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WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

Lived from 1564-1616

Was an English playwright, poet, actor, and theater entrepreneur

He expanded the English language with new words and phrases, and popularized theater

Notable works: The Tragedy of Romeo & Juliet, Hamlet, Macbeth

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ERASMUS OF ROTTERDAM

Lived from 1466-1536

Was a Dutch humanist, theologian, priest, satirist, philosopher, and educationalist

He was prominent biblical critic and advocated for humanism, and remained cathlolic although he was a critic of church abuses

"Prince of Humanists"

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MARTIN LUTHER

Lived from 1483-1546

Was a German priest, theologian, author, hymnwriter, professor, and former Augustinian friar.

He is most famous for initiating the Protestant Reformation by challenging the Catholic Church's practices, mostly targeting the sell of indulgences through his "95 Theses" in 1517.

He caused the movement that reshaped Christianity and influenced western cultures, politics, and thought.

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JOHN CALVIN

Lived from 1509-1564

Was a french theologian, pastor, and reformer during the Protestant Reformation

He developed the systematic theology now known as Calvinism, and some of his most important contributions are the institutes of the christian religion, his doctrine of predestination, and his establishment of a strict-church based government Geneva, Switzerland

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Palace of Placentia, Greenwich, London, Naval, UK

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Palace of Placentia, Greenwich, London, Naval, UK

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Palace of Placentia, Greenwich, London, Naval, UK

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KING HENRY VIII

Lived from 1491-1547

Former King of England

King Henry's strong desire for a male heir and annulment from his first marriage led him to break with the Roman Catholic Church, which established the Church of England.

This act triggered the English Reformation

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POPE PAUL III

Lived from 1468-1549

Was the Supreme Pontiff of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from October 13th 1534 until his death

He initiated the Catholic Counter-Reformation, which was a movement to reform the church and respond to Protestantism