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Dennis Ritchie develops the C programming language at Bell Labs. Originally designed for system programming, C soon becomes popular for its simple yet powerful features.

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1978: Publication of 'The C Programming Language' Book

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1978: Publication of 'The C Programming Language' Book

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Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie publish the book known as K&R C, widely regarded as the informal specification of C before formal standardization.

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The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) establishes the X3J11 committee to create a formal C programming language standard, facilitating consistency across platforms.

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The ANSI X3J11 committee finalizes and publishes the C89 standard, which becomes the first official standard for the C language in the United States.

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1990: ISO/IEC Adopts and Publishes C90 Standard

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1990: ISO/IEC Adopts and Publishes C90 Standard

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The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) adopts ANSI C, releasing it as ISO/IEC 9899:1990 or C90, facilitating international use.

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An amendment, informally called C95, introduces improved features like digraphs and fixes many bugs, ensuring compatibility and further portability.

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1999: Major Revision - C99 Standard Published

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1999: Major Revision - C99 Standard Published

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C99 introduces significant language enhancements including inline functions, variable-length arrays, and better support for internationalization.

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A technical corrigendum addresses minor errors and inconsistencies in the C99 standard, improving clarity and compiler implementation.

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2011: Next Generation - C11 Standard Released

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2011: Next Generation - C11 Standard Released

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The C11 standard promotes safer programming with features like improved Unicode support, multi-threading, and atomic operations.

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C17 serves primarily as a bug fix release to C11, providing clarifications, corrections, and stability without introducing new major language features.

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Ongoing: Future Standardization Efforts (C2x)

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Ongoing: Future Standardization Efforts (C2x)

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Work continues on the next iteration, known as C2x, promising future enhancements to keep C relevant and robust for upcoming generations of programmers.