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In the year of 1954, the U.S supreme court officially declared, that segregation based on one's race in public schools as unconstitutional. The "separate but equal" in schools was declared as unequal. Through this it paved the way for all students in public schools to lawfully have a right to an equal education. This meant that not only did African Americans/Black students have a right to equal education, but also students with disabilities. Through the Brown v. Board of Education, it carved the way for multiple different laws for equality for individuals with disabilities.

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Education for All Handicapped Children 1975

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Education for All Handicapped Children 1975

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The Education for All Handicapped Students became a federal law in 1975. This law ensured that all students with disabilities were given equal opportunities for public education. Before this law was passed many students with disabilities in the U.S were turned down to attend public schools or be given the assistance they need to learn. This law required special education teachers and schools to create a written plan (IEP) for each and every student with disabilities, that is tailored to their inquire needs. With this law in place it declared that students with disabilities have the right to learn in a general education classroom as much as possible. This law required schools to involve the Childs parents. in 1990 the Education for All Handicapped Children was changed to IDEA.

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Handicapped Children's Protection Act 1986

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Handicapped Children's Protection Act 1986

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The Assistive Technology Act was first passed by U.S Congress in 1988 as the Technology Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act (also called Tech Act). This was the first ever law that that provided funding for assistive technology programs for individuals with disabilities. This law ensured that people with disabilities are able to get access to the technological tools they need. Some of these but not limited to things such as hearing aids, communication devices, speech to text software, and screen readers. This law was reauthorized in 1994, 1998, 2004, and 2022. In 1998 it was renamed to the Assistive Technology Act of 1998 and in 2022 it was renamed to the 21st Century Assistive Technology Act.

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The American with disabilities Act is a civil rights law that was passed in 1990 and signed by President George W. Bush. This act was developed to ensure that individuals with disabilities have the same rights as those around them. The ADA has 5 Titles. With this act employers are prohibited from discriminating against and are required to provide reasonable accommodations. As well as, local government and state must have accessibility this includes transportation and public schools. ADA requires that buildings open to the public must have accommodations such as elevators, wheel chair ramps, and more. The American with Disabilities Act requires telecommunication companies to provide services for people with hearing and speech impairments.

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In 2002 the No Child Left Behind Act was a crucial educational that was signed into place. Through this law it increased public schools accountability for students progress. States were required to administer standardized testing in reading and math to measure the progress of students. This law layed out the set of requirements for teachers/educators to be deemed as "highly qualified" in their areas of teaching. This law was replaced in 2015 to the Every Child Succeeds Act.

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The Every Child Succeeds Act was passed in the U.S in 2015 by President Barack Obama. This law ensured that all students were provided an equal high quality education. Especially students with disabilities , students of color and lower income students. It erased the universal accountability system that was in schools. This law also made a major expansion in early education programs.

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ESSA Explained: Inside the New Federal K-12 Law

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Historical Timeline references- Lilia Fortune