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The war began on October 11, 1899. A build up of tension between the British imperial ambitions and the Boer's desire for independence. The Britain first attempted to take control of South Africa's goods such as gold and diamond territories, while the Boers resisted the foreign rule. The early attacks by the Boers demonstrated strong resistance and imperial expansion

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The British captured many key cities in Boer, such as Bloemfontein and Pretoria, with intentions to assert imperial control. In response, the Boers used guerrilla warfare to strike back with hit-and-run attacks. The British were then forced to endure unexpected resistance, which highlighted the challenges of controlling territory. The war showcased clashes between imperial ambition and local determination.

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After the Boers lost their capitals, they resorted to guerrilla tactics by launching surprise raids and ambushes against the British tropes. These attacks disrupted supply lines and weakened the British forces. This phase proved how a small population could resist a global empire, by delaying Britain's full control over South Asia.

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The Britain responded to the Boers attack with a scorched-earth policy by burning down farms and forcing Boer civilians into concentration camps, where many died from starvation and diseases. Despite fierce resistance, the Boers surrendered with the Treaty of Vereeniging. Britain officially secured South Africa, but the war was left in brutal conditions of the imperial expansion.