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Frankincense- a sweet-smelling resin from the Boswellia tree. In ancient times, it was burned as incense for religion, perfume, and medicine and was a valuable trade good.                                 Myrrha- a resin that comes from the Commiphora tree. It has a warm, earthy smell and was used in ancient times for incense, perfume, medicine, and even in embalming. Like frankincense, it was an important trade good

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What goods were traded along this route?

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What goods were traded along this route?

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The Incense Route carried valuable goods between Arabia, the mediterranean, Africa, and Asia. Its main products were frankincense and myrrh, along with spices, silk, precious metals, gems, ivory, wine, olive oil, and grains. These items were considered valuable because they were rare and brought wealth and cultural exchange to the regions involved.

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This trade could harm the people transporting incense. This is because it took approximately 62 days to complete the route, and during that time, the traders encountered harsh conditions that were difficult to navigate. Additionally, the Incense Route trade started to decline in the 3rd century AD, which negatively affected the Roman Empire due to the growth of Christianity. Since Christianity was constantly growing, the demand for incense was also growing for religious purposes. This increase in demand led to the collapse of sea routes.

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Aramaic- "a branch of the Semitic family of languages, especially the language of Syria used as a lingua franca in the Near East from the 6th century BC. Aramaic replaced Hebrew locally as the language of the Jewish people and though displaced by Arabic in the 7th century AD, is still spoken in scattered communities." -Oxford dictionary 

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What ideas were traded along this route?

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What ideas were traded along this route?

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Along the incense Route, people exchanged religion, such as the spread of Judaism and from the Levant, Christianity into Arabia, and later Islam across trade centers. Languages like Aramaic, Greek, and Arabic helped connect merchants. Science and medicine spread through herbal remedies using frankincense and myrrh, as well as Greek and Indian medical knowledge. In art and Culture, architectural styles from Rome and Persia mixed with Arabian designs, and travelers shared music and storytelling traditions. Technology also moved along the route, including new farming techniques, water systems, and the organization of camel caravans for long desert travel.

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The Incense Route trade benefited many groups. Arabian kingdoms like the Nabataeans and Sabaeans grew rich by producing incense and taxing caravans, while merchants profited from moving goods across regions. Religious centers and temples valued incense for rituals, and Mediterranean empires such as Rome gained spices, perfumes, and luxury items. Even local communities along the route prospered by supplying food, water, and services to traveling caravans.

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What maritime or land-based empires influenced or contributed to this trade? How did they impact the trade?

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What maritime or land-based empires influenced or contributed to this trade? How did they impact the trade?

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What maritime or land-based empires influenced or contributed to this trade? How did they impact the trade? The land-based empires that contributed to the trade on the Incense Route were the Romans, the Greeks, and the Egyptians. These groups of people purchased a plentiful amount of frankincense and myrrh, which caused the price to increase. Each one of these civilizations had different uses for incense. The Greeks used it throughout the Mediterranean for religion and medicine and so did the Egyptians, but they used it in funerals, and the Romans used it to reshape trade and make the Arabian Kingdoms richer.