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Formation of Extrusive vs. Intrusive Igneous Rock

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Formation of Extrusive vs. Intrusive Igneous Rock

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Extrusive igneous rocks form from lava that cools quickly on the Earth's surface, resulting in fine-grained textures.

Intrusive igneous rocks form from magma that cools slowly beneath the Earth's surface, resulting in coarse-grained textures.

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Definition of Sedimentary Rock and Formation

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Definition of Sedimentary Rock and Formation

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Sedimentary rocks are formed through the accumulation, compaction, and cementation of sediments, which may include fragments of pre-existing rocks, minerals, or organic material.

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Comparison of Sedimentary Rock Compositions

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Comparison of Sedimentary Rock Compositions

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Clastic sedimentary rocks are composed of fragments of pre-existing rocks.

Organic sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and lithification of organic material.

Chemical sedimentary rocks are formed from the precipitation of minerals from water solutions.

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Definition of Metamorphic Rock and Formation

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Definition of Metamorphic Rock and Formation

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Metamorphic rocks form from the alteration of pre-existing rocks (igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rocks) due to high temperature, pressure, and/or chemical processes within the Earth's crust, without melting.

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Characteristics of Foliated and Non-foliated Metamorphic Rocks

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Characteristics of Foliated and Non-foliated Metamorphic Rocks

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Foliated metamorphic rocks have a layered or banded appearance due to the alignment of mineral grains.

Non-foliated metamorphic rocks lack a layered or banded appearance and have mineral grains that are not aligned.