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Histopathology of a Brain with Astrocytoma

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Histopathology of a Brain with Astrocytoma

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The age-standardized 5-year relative survival rate is 23.6% Patients with this tumor are 46 times more likely to die than matched members of the general population. The elderly population are much more likely to die in the first year post-diagnosis when compared to young adults aged 15-40. However, after three years, this difference is reduced markedly. Typical median survival for Anaplastic astrocytoma is 2-3 years.

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When it comes to treating Anaplastic Astrocytoma, surgery is the first step most doctors take. They remove the largest mass possible of the cancerous tumor. From there, there are multiple types of radiation that can be used to continue the treatment. Some of the most common are Confrontal Photon Radiation, and Interstitial Radiation. Typically Chemotherapy is given along side which ever type of radiation is chosen for the patient.

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Most high-grade gliomas occur sporadically or without identifiable cause. The main hereditary predispositions are mainly neurofibromatosis type I, Li-Fraumeni syndrom, hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer and tuberous sclerosis Anaplastic astrocytomas have also been associated with previous exposure to vinyl chloride and to high doses of radiation therapy to the brain.

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- Headaches

- Seizures

- Memory loss

- Loss in movement

- Changes in behavior

- Language dysfunction

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Anaplastic astrocytoma creates tumors in the glial tissue called gliomas. However, it doesn't usually spread outside of the brain and spinal cord and does not usually affect other organs.

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It originates in star-shaped glial cells in the cerebrum called astrocytes, as well as supportive tissue in the brain.