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a category of artistic composition as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

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The standard photographic film format for analog single lens reflex still cameras and motion picture cameras. The 35mm film frame is 36 x 24mm, and high-end digital SLR (DSLR) and video cameras use sensors of equivalent size.

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a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length. One of the lenses is the photographic objective or "taking lens", while the other is used for the viewfinder system, which is usually viewed from above at waist level.

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a camera which records images in a format larger than 4 x 5 inches.

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the most commonly used chemical process in black-and-white photography, and is the fundamental chemical process for modern analog color photography.

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a keeper or custodian of a museum or other collection.

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a public display of works of art or items of interest, held in an art gallery or museum or at a trade fair.

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the presentation of visual elements in an image, especially the placement of the subject in relation to other objects. Framing can make an image more aesthetically pleasing and keep the viewer's focus on the framed object(s).

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a room or building for the display or sale of works of art.

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the exclusive legal right, given to an originator or an assignee to print, publish, perform, film, or record literary, artistic, or musical material, and to authorize others to do the same.

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A point that moves, leading towards something. This can be vertical lines, parallel lines, curved lines, diagonal lines, and even strong horizontal lines.

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Shape describes a flat, enclosed area of space. Shapes can be constructed with colors and lines, but all shapes are limited to two dimensions.

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A component of light which is separated when it is reflected off of an object.

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When shape takes on three dimensions. Form is created by shadows and highlights on an object in the photograph.

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The visual quality of the surface of an object, revealed through variances in shape, tone and color depth.

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How light or dark a given color or hue can be. Values are best understood when visualized as a scale or gradient, from dark to light.

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The act of adding visual space in front of the direction that an object is moving, looking or pointing to imply motion and direction and to lead the eye of the viewer.

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the distribution of the visual weight of objects, colors, texture, and space.

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varying elements and objects in your image, to avoid making them boring. Variety can also be varying your angles, exposure, composition, etc., to get a few different looks to the same image.

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regular arrangement of repeated same elements i.e. line, shape, colors over and over again.

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the relative size and scale of various elements in a design.

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the act or process of changing place or direction, orientation, and/or position through the visual illustration of starting or stopping points, blurring of action, etc.

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gives the artwork a sense of cohesion or coherence. It is the wholeness or completeness of a picture.

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a strategy that aims to draw the viewer's attention to a specific design element.

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symmetry around a central axis, as in a starfish or a tulip flower.

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both sides of the image hold equal weight.

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unequal visual weight on either side. But those visual elements balance out each other.

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placing two things together to show contrast or similarities.

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Any photo containing only the hues or tones of one specific color is monochromatic.

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Cool colors include green, blue, and purple, and variations of those three colors.

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Warm colors include red, orange, and yellow, and variations of those three colors.

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Neutrals such as beige, ivory, taupe, black, gray and shades of white appear to be without color, but in many applications these hues often have undertones.

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This particular color scheme draws from two colors on the opposite side of the color wheel.

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A triadic color scheme is comprised of three colors evenly spaced on the color wheel. The two most basic triadic palettes are the primary colors red, blue, and yellow and the secondary hues orange, purple, and green.

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dividing an image into thirds, using two horizontal and two vertical lines. This imaginary grid yields nine parts with four intersection points. When you position the most important elements of your image at these intersection points, you produce a much more natural image

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Leading lines are lines that appear in a photograph that have been framed and positioned by the photographer to draw the viewer's eye towards a specific point of interest.

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you divide a line into two parts and the longer part (a) divided by the smaller part (b) is equal to the sum of (a) + (b) divided by (a), which both equal 1.618.

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the subject or areas of interest in an artwork, such as a person's face or figure in a portrait, the objects in a still life painting, or the trees in a landscape painting.

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the space between, within and surrounding an object in an image, often to form another image or symbol.

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a form of illumination used in liquid crystal displays.

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light that is scattered, causing it to fall on the crop from all sides. The light is evenly distributed, leaving no sharp shadows.

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any form of light that the photographer did not add to their image, and can include both "natural" ambient sunlight, or "artificial" ambient light

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the use of strong contrasts between light and dark, usually bold contrasts affecting a whole composition.

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the dark shape and outline of someone or something visible against a lighter background, especially in dim light.

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The difference between these two styles is that objective photography tries to show the world as it really is, while subjective photography tries to show the world as the photographer sees it.

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the process of offering valid and well-reasoned opinions about the work of others, usually involving both positive and negative comments.

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the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own.

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a word, phrase, symbol, and/or design that identifies and distinguishes the source of the goods of one party from those of others.

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relating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with these.

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two images combined into a single frame or presented together—originated in art as a drawing or painting in two parts

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a group of 3 separate images displayed together.

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In digital imaging, a pixel(or picture element) is the smallest item of information in an image.

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The last hour before sunset and the first hour after sunrise are coveted by professional photographers.

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During the blue "hour", red light passes through space while blue light is scattered in the atmosphere, and thus reaches Earth's surface. Blue hour usually lasts about 20–30 minutes right after sunset and right before sunrise.

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a standard way that information is encoded for storage in a computer file.

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commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images, particularly for those images produced by digital photography.

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an unprocessed photograph captured with a digital camera. RAW mode saves files in a losslessly compressed format.

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a computer file format for storing raster graphics images, popular among graphic artists, the publishing industry, and photographers.

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an image file format native to Adobe's popular Photoshop Application. It's an image editing friendly format that supports multiple image layers and various imaging options.

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a dark area or shape produced by a body coming between rays of light and a surface.

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all luminance values that are not dark or light are considered to be mid-tones.

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defined as the brightest area in a photo.

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a form of photographic print toning – a tone added to a black and white photograph in the darkroom to “warm” up the tones

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process of editing the data captured by camera while taking the photo to enhance the image.

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an arbitrary rating of film speed; that is, the sensitivity of the film to light

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the sensitivity—the signal gain—of the camera's sensor.

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he random optical texture of processed photographic film due to the presence of small particles of a metallic silver developed from silver halide that have received enough photons

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random variation of brightness or color information in images, and is usually an aspect of electronic noise.

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a device that allows the camera to convert photons – that is, light – into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the device.

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the length of time when the film or digital sensor inside the camera is exposed to light

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a momentary-action mode that holds shutters open for as long as a photographer depresses the shutter-release button

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the purposeful streaking or blurring of an object in motion in a photo for visual effect.

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the act of accidentally shaking a camera during shooting due to unsteady hands, which results in blurry images.

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a portable three-legged frame or stand, used as a platform for supporting the weight and maintaining the stability of some other object.

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the opening of a lens's diaphragm through which light passes

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the visual quality of the out-of-focus areas of a photographic image, especially as rendered by a particular lens.

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A shallow depth of field refers to a small area in focus. Often the subject is in focus, while the background is blurred. ... A deep depth of field captures a larger area in focus, often keeping everything in the image sharp and clear.

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the distance between the lens and the image sensor when the subject is in focus, usually stated in millimeters

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prime lenses can be anywhere between 12mm and 5200mm, and it will always remain the same. Zoom lenses, on the other hand, have zoom rings that allow you to use a range of of lengths.

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using a long-duration shutter speed to sharply capture the stationary elements of images while blurring, smearing, or obscuring the moving elements.

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a technique in which the frequency at which film frames are captured (the frame rate) is much more spread out than the frequency that is used to view the sequence

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photographic techniques of moving a light source while taking a long exposure photograph

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a photographic technique that combines a slow shutter speed with camera motion to create a sense of speed around a moving object.

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refers to the size of the digital image the camera produces, and is usually expressed in terms of "megapixels" or how many million pixels it can record in a single image.