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name given to therapeutic efforts to turn gays into straight

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Does being reminded of segregation make people more sympathetic to the plight of African Americans? Does recalling the Holocaust prompt more empathy for individuals of Jewish descent? Knowledge of victim suffering, either past or current increases prejudice towards members of that group

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historical practice of identifying mixed-race people by their socially subordinate parent grou

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when explaining behavior of out group individuals we tend to cite inner, dispositional causes but when we explain our own actions, we cite situational or circumstantial factors

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- Searches for mental contents that indicate the failure to not bring about unwanted thoughts. Icreases the accesssibility of unwanted thoughts to our awareness

- Increased self focus will lead to spontaneous sterotype supression efforts among those with egalitarian values

in high; prejudice persons self focus increases adherence to social norms

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aids in normal mental control by scanning our consciousness so as not to bring about unwanted thoughts

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Normal mental control

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implicit elderly and racist sterotype activations found

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Devine: if we have certain sterotypes in our memory and then are presented with target characteristics, there will be automatic stereotype activation

low prejudice person can control but high prejudice person does not

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not conscious, unintentional, amnesiacs show normal retention if the memory test is implicit

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angry participants tended to make more stereotypic judgements

anger and anxiety tend to increase use to sterotypes

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sad affect increased the tendency of subjects to use negative stereotypes in descrbing Pakistanis and Native Aamericans with sad affect

sad affect led to careful thinking and decrease in stereotypes

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can be a result of real or imagined interaction with a specific member of an outgroup

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the attitude one feels towards the outgroup as a result of one's enduring attitude towards the out group

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elicited by situations unrelated to the intergroup context

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Influences how information is processed, memory and determins which characteristics are activated, affect how perceiver responds to out group members

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elicited within the intergroup context and involves stereotyped outgroup.
Base don the premise that outgroup attitudes are stable. Cognition and emotions are triggered when a target person is perceived

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when groups are competing for scarce resources, prejudice will occur between groups

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we want X, compare ourselves to those who have X, feel entitled to X

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Both frustrating agent & disliked out group arouse similar negative feelings. Due to this acquired equivalence between aggressor and minority group mediates generalization of aggressive response from former to the latter

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vacillate between wanting to be unique and also belonging to a group

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we perceive relationships between variables that are only weakly correlated and can lead to the formation of stereotypes
- formed as a result of the influence of one's existing stereotype

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You don't like Asian actors but you like Jacky Chan
- used to represent a specific individual within a group whom sterotypical characters do not apply

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heavy viewers of the news are uncomfortable when exposed to a dark skinned perpetrator

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both the majority and minority children remembered more positive behaviors about their majority children and more negative behaviors about the minority group

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Both majority group children held more positive attiudes towards their own group and negative attitudes towards outgroup

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Children with parents of high Risk Weighed Assets would not develop the attiudes similar to their parents if they perceive their parents to be unresponsive and demanding

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low status groups showed out group favoritism and high status group showed in group favoritism

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Those with more African American features= longer sentences

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ages 3-4, prefer their own race

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Prejudice is caught from an infected enviornment

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perceive that all people in outgroup share similar characteristics, motives and other features
- this way of thinking helps enhace self concept and lead to outgroup degration

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we like to think we are unique ; those who share common features

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- majority of literature on prejudice & sterotyping has examined this topic
- relations between balcks and white tend to be stronger and more intense emotional reactions
- political, social, hultral history of US, Civil War, Civi Rights Act of 1964, Affirmative Action, legislation= all outcome of the relations between blacks and whites

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Individuals can be motivated to inhibit their stereotyping activities when they believe it will hinder their personal goals

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Efficiency over accuracy; we judge people and make mistakes; to avoid anxiety we make quick judgements

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between 1882 and 1930 the price of cotton fell and number of lynching of blacks rose

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Less educated people tend to be more easily persuaded;
motivational reinforcement suggest that those who thought poorly of themselves liked to decrade other groups

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the prejudiced individual maintains a negative affect toward a group but creats a specific category for specific members

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Prejudice should be regarded as an "attitude in context"
'i.e. assuming minority always has minority status; saying the teacher was a janitor because of their clothes

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As an attitude; the best predictor of negative out group prejudice is a lack of positive emotion

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evaluation: positive or negative but more negative; a more inflexible generalization

biased evaluation of group based on real or imagined characteristics

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beliefs held by an individual about the characteristics of a group

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community wide patterns of belief about the characteristics of a group

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Generalization of another group

Lipman: "pictures in our heads"
Allport: Exaggerated beliefs associated with category

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We tend to remember postive info about our own group

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Social group to which a person psychologically identifies as being a member

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Those that do not belong to a specific in group, these individuals do not have an identity
ex:

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category at a particular
strongly influenced by how the perceiver interprets most/all other information about the target person; there are central points around which stereotypes develop. At times, the label pre categorizes the object from the perceiver