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1) Select a Psalm

2) Read and think about your chosen Psalm

3) Create a post and include the number of your Psalm.

4) Analyze the Psalm LINE by LINE (every line should have some analysis to it). This does not have to be a paragraph per line, but should be as complete as you can make it. Some lines will have more analysis than others, and that's ok.

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Click the plus sign button at the end of the Activities column to which you are responding. A text box will appear. Write a Subject in the header, and then write your Activity in the main box (it usually says "Write something..."). Be sure to clickPublish when you are done. You can reopen it to edit, and then click Update.
REMINDER: be sure to include your name with all posts to receive credit and allow others to respond.
OPTION: IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO RECORD A VIDEO OR AUDIO response instead of writing for these Activities assignments (with the exception of image Activities), click the ellipsis (...) in the icons, which will give you a list of options. You can, for instance, film a video, record your voice, or capture your screen.

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Upload an image of your Cornell note (click the upload icon or the camera icon to take a photo straight from your device).
https://sites.google.com/view/bible-as-literature/assignments/activities/how-to-read-and-take-notes

Extra Credit Option: Column all the way to the right on the Padlet.

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Upload an image of your Sketchnote (click the upload icon or the camera icon to take a photo straight from your device).
https://sites.google.com/view/bible-as-literature/assignments/activities/sketchnoting

Extra Credit Option: Column all the way to the right on the Padlet.

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Read news articles:

During today's discussion, instead of taking traditional notes, create a sketchnote. Your sketchnote will be worth 10 Activity points, and it is your exit ticket from class.

For what am I looking?

After this class, for any five class periods in which you show me a sketchnote of the day's discussion, you will receive one point extra credit. In other words, you can earn up to five points of extra credit throughout the semester for completing sketchnotes in class. Simply show me your sketchnote at the end of the class period.

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Read news articles: During today's discussion, instead of taking traditional notes, create a sketchnote. Your sketchnote will be worth 10 Activity points, and it is your exit ticket from class. For what am I looking? After this class, for any five class periods in which you show me a sketchnote of the day's discussion, you will receive one point extra credit.

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After reading Reflection on Sneed, “Disability and Infanticide in in Ancient Greece,” post a reflection on the ideas presented here.

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After completing the Library Tutorials, reflect on any lingering questions or confusion you might have, especially related to the Course Research Scavenger Hunt. If this a refresher for you, still reflect on any ongoing thoughts concerning these topics.

Library Research 101 Tutorial: Information Sources

Library Research 101 Tutorial: Search Process

Library Research 101 Tutorial: Evaluating Sources

Library Research 101 Tutorial: Academic Participation and Honesty

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Reflect on our activities with the librarian. What did you learn? What did it make you think about? (This is NOT a critique of the speaker, but rather about the topics discussed.)

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Reflect on our guest presentation in class this week. What did you learn? What did it make you think about? (This is NOT a critique of the speaker, but rather about the topics discussed.)

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Reflect on our guest presentation in class this week. What did you learn? What did it make you think about? (This is NOT a critique of the speaker, but rather about the topics discussed.)

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After the class in which we work on Cornell Notes, for any five class periods in which you complete Cornell notes on the day's discussion, you will receive one point extra credit. In other words, you can earn up to five points of extra credit throughout the semester for completing Cornell notes in class. Upload images here.

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After the class in which we work on Sketchnotes, for any five class periods in which you complete Sketchnotes on the day's discussion, you will receive one point extra credit. In other words, you can earn up to five points of extra credit throughout the semester for completing Sketchnotes in class. Upload images here.

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Oral vs silent reading notes -Marcos Godoy

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Oral vs silent reading notes -Marcos Godoy

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aliviah cornell

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Learning about disability and infanticide in Ancient Greece reveals how deeply cultural values shape moral choices. In many Greek city-states, especially Sparta, infants born with disabilities were often abandoned or killed because physical perfection and strength were seen as essential to the community’s survival. This practice shows how the Greeks prioritized collective ideals of beauty and utility over individual life. Reflecting on this, I’m struck by how different modern views on human rights and inclusion are, yet how these ancient attitudes still remind us to question what societies consider “normal” or “valuable.” Studying this topic encourages empathy for those marginalized in any era and reminds us that moral progress depends on recognizing the dignity of every human being.

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This reading made me realize how easily we accept and believe certain “facts” about history without questioning them. This article also made me realize how complex ancient human societies really were, and how important it is to look deeper when we study the past. This was a totally new topic for me, and I was honestly surprised by what I learned. I have never heard that ancient Greeks, especially in Sparta, "discarded" babies with disabilities. But Sneed goes on to show that this idea wasn't really supported by evidence. Most of the sources people used were more about philosophy than real life, and there’s actually proof that some disabled infants were cared for with special tools like feeding bottles.

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This reading was interesting to me because I never knew that people especially in Sparta disregarded babies that had disabilities. It also showed me how important it is to look at real evidence instead of what others say about history. Debby Sneed helped show that disabled babies were sometimes cared for instead of abandoned but also explained how ideas about Ancient Greece are based on assumptions and not facts. She used evidence to help prove that people were not as bad as we may think they were, which really makes you think of what to believe.

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Sneed's article, "Disability and Infanticide in Ancient Greece" talks about how babies with disabilities were looked down upon as they were seen as weak or useless, and often killed or abandoned because of this. It is upsetting to see how normalized this was in Greek society, and confusing, given the fact that they valued fairness and reason. This article made me think about how people with disabilities are still looked down upon in that sense today, only in different ways than back then. It also highlighted the importance of treating everyone with respect and valuing all lives.

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This reading was really interesting and opened my eyes to a new perspective.  I remember learning about how the Greeks treated disabilities and infants from high school ancient Greek history classes, but Sneed puts things in a different perspective.  Sneed ends up showing that these disabled babies weren't just killed, but sometimes cared for. Shown by discussing things like the practical medical texts from Hippocratic doctors who actually treated disabled infants with care and tried to help them.  I also found it interesting the existence of feeding bottles designed to help infants who couldn’t breastfeed suggests a level of compassion and care that goes against the idea of widespread infanticide. It makes me think about how we sometimes assume ancient societies were harsher or more brutal than they actually were.  This makes you think about constantly looking for other sources to learn about more information as a whole as to not be one sided on topics.

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Genesis

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When looking at Sneed’s article “Disability and Infanticide in Ancient Greece” it is interesting looking the author explains that the idea of infanticide in Ancient Greece was often overblown. Using the bases of actual archeological and material evidence, to show that the claim that all infants with disabilities were killed. Being that this was not the case for all instances, thus generalizing that this was the case for every single child born with a disability is incorrect. I find the parallel’s that are displayed in this article to that of modern day ableism, seeing how historically people with disabilities have been treated and how even to this day there is still discrimination.

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After reading Disability and Infanticide in Ancient Greece, it made me think that alot of history has been taught to us in a certain light, and not fully knowing what has happened sometimes alters our perspective on things. Not all of the disabled infants were killed; some were accommodated to and some were cared for which challenges the idea that this was false. Archaeological evidence supports what we know now as disabled babies being given support and a chance at love. On the other hand, some still were killed under Spartan law, showing us examples of some origins of discrimination in ancient times. Overall, reading this shows us that discrimination is never okay, disabled people are worthy of respect, and evidence over passed-down word of mouth is important.

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I found it interesting how even in the beginning of time we see how there is still a wide discussion on how different area treated those with disabilities. I also its interesting how Just like in the Bible there really is a a lot of inconsistency held, depending on who is interpreting this information. Like if the Killing of infants with disability was "fully real" or made partially with poly to have a "utopia" aspect in mind in mind. I also think that it is interesting to see that there where important figures at this time that did have disabilities that could of been potently looked over in order to support this Infanticide. when there could be living poof that that might have not been the full case. Over all I feel that this is an interesting topic that I would likely never really thought of or looked into at all.

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The article “Disability and Infanticide in Ancient Greece” of Debby Sneed is very interesting to read. It introduces to me the idea of the infanticide of disability infants in Ancient Greece which I did not know about. The author points out that there are passages from authors like Plutarch, Plato, and Aristotle, support that idea which only describe selective infanticide (especially in Sparta or in idealized cities). However, Sneed argued that those passages are often prescriptive, describing how things should be in a perfect society, rather than descriptive, describing the reality of everyday ancient Greek life. She also introduces literary, material, and bioarchaeological evidence which demonstrates the opposite idea to the one from Plutarch, Plato, and Aristotle. One piece of the evidence is active care. Ancient Greeks often took active measurements to assist and accommodate infants with congenital impairments. Another evidence is the archaeological finding where the ceramic feeding bottles in infant graves were discovered. Those feeding bottles were necessary to feed babies with conditions like cleft palates. For bioarchaeology, the author notes that there is no positive proof produced for the widespread killing of deformed infants in ancient Greek populations. This article also changed my thoughts about accepting and believing in a fact in the past without questioning it. This article shows that ancient societies are very complicated. Thus, when reading a fact in the past, I should take a deep look into it by gathering more information on that fact. Questions and research are always helpful for having insight into reading a piece of fact in history like that.

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I found the reading very interesting because I did not know that it was widely believed that Ancient Greeks killed infants born with disabilities, or things that in Ancient times may be considered “imperfections”. I also enjoyed the reading because it challenged the popular idea that all disabled babies were killed. Sneed found some evidence that suggests that some infants with disabilities were in fact cared for. The reason behind people believing that the Greeks killed disabled infants is because modern scholars often cite passages from philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle to argue that disability justified infant death, but Sneed shows these sources are taken out of context, since they are philosophers and not historians. Sneed found historical medical texts that revealed treatments for limb deformities. In these conditions, the doctors at the time were not recommending death and for several other conditions there were different techniques that the doctors recommended instead of death. This is also archeologically supported because ceramic feeding bottles were found, which suggests babies that could not breastfeed normally for whatever reason were also not tossed out of the life equation. I found Sneed’s interest in looking for actual evidence very cool because that is definitely something that everyone should look for when they are getting told information.

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When reading the text I was really shocked that the ancient Greeks would kill babies that were born with physical disabilities. Calling them “unfit” is harsh, but killing them is even worse. They were pressured to eliminate these infants. It just really shocked me, just because they have physical disabilities that they are unwanted.

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When we look back at Greece and Greek civilization, we mostly focus on the positive or fascinating aspects of these ancient societies, which can lead to misunderstandings of how minorities or vulnerable groups were treated in ancient times. One of the most serious offenses in ancient Greece that Sneed mentions was the infanticide. In Greece states like Sparta, children who were born with disabilities were killed directly or indirectly through abandonment. The Greeks wanted to pass down desirable traits, and believed that casting away undesirable traits would improve the health and beauty of civilization. This contrast between the Greeks and modern civilization highlight how every civilization has their own ideas of what’s “right” and “wrong”, and that what is defined as “moral” can be fluid, and change over time. Many people at the time only did what they thought was right, and Sneed talks about how some even took in and aided disabled people, showing how even in cultures that practice infanticide, there are people that will step up and offer aid to those in need.

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In Sneed's article, the treatment of infants with disabilities in Ancient Greece is discussed and there is a lot to say about it. First to say the obvious, we learn that babies who are born with disabilities are typically left on their own to die. This was coming from the Plutarch evidence, but what really caught me off guard was from the Doran evidence which said babies that were seen as ugly and awkward were also treated that way. The fact that babies with disabilities were killed is absolutely horrific but learning the fact that half the reason they are killed is because disabilities "look ugly" makes that fact even worse to me. I also see an issue with the argument that just because Aristotle supported Eugenics in an ideal world doesn't mean that is what was happening. Aristotle is a philosopher who made a life of perceiving things happening around him, that idea wouldn't be something he mentioned if it wasn't prominent in that contemporary society. Reading further, it is nice to know there were accounts of people (like the physician) who understood that disabilities are just extra obstacles that some people live with and that doesn't make them less than anyone else. Lastly I wanted to point out how societal standards on beauty are deadly. People didn't think Cleft lips were "as ugly" as other disabilities so some babies with cleft pallet might have been killed while others weren't. It is insane that one small difference - and remember we all have differences - can mean life or death.

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This was a really interesting read for me. As someone who does have chronic illnesses and disabilities, it is always such an interesting topic to see how this issue has been approached and dealt with throughout history. I also think it specifically in conversation with Ancient Greece is fascinating as Ancient Greece and Rome do tend to have that stereotype of infanticide and killing off any children that were disabled/unwanted/female/etc. I do think it is also notable to mention in this discussion that one of Greece’s own Olympian gods was disabled and he himself thrown down Mount Olympus and while the story does change and have different versions, it is almost always him being thrown down by one of his parents. I think that draws an interesting connection to the discussion of the disabled kids that may have been born in Greece and both those who were killed and those who were raised and consider how these myths and stories may have affected the thoughts of people in Ancient Greece.

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The psalm I chose was Psalm 1:6 "The lord watches over the way of the righteous, but the way of the wicked is doomed." The first part, “The Lord watches over the way of the righteous,” suggests that God is always actively involved in the lives of those who live faithful lives and respect god in all ways. “Watches over” tells us that it's not just short check-ins or observation, but ongoing protection, guidance, and care from the Lord. This verse contains two opposites: the righteous and the wicked. This represents good and evil, obedience and disobedience, or faithfulness and rebellion. The second part, “but the way of the wicked is doomed,” indicates that the path of life chosen by those who act immorally leads to destruction or failure. “Doomed” also holds a sense of downfall. This verse implies accountability in human behavior and how god treats those who are righteous and those who are wicked.

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The Psalm I decided to analyze was Psalm 2:1, which offers two pressing questions. First: "Why are countries, such as Egypt and Israel, engaged in armed conflict?"

This question highlights the ongoing war and fighting between nations such as Egypt and Israel, as opposed to finding common ground despite their fundamental differences. The follow-up question asks: "Why do people engage in unwinnable wars that consume valuable resources?" The second part notes the worthlessness of conflict that results in needless casualties and death. In other words, we should work hard to save lives by resolving issues peacefully. Ultimately, the questions incentivize contemplation with respect to warfare and the vitalness of seeking harmony among nations instead of perpetuating vicious cycles of violence.

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I've chosen Psalms 7:10-11:

“I rely on God to shield me;

He saves the honest of the heart

God is a just judge

Constant in his righteous anger”

1. "Shield me” is referring to God keeping one safe. God is known as a protector who guards people from evil or danger.

2. He helps people that are sincere and honest. It shows that being truthful brings God's protection.

3. God judges people and makes fair decisions for everyone

4. He gets angry at wrongdoing, but that anger is fair. He just wants good for the world.

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I choose Psalm 1 which ends up discussing the path of the righteous and the path of the “wicked”.  This ends up talking about the choice and the two main paths we can talk about in life.  Each verse of this Psalm is full of information comparing the two.  For example it starts by saying “Happy is the one who does not take the counsel of the wicked,” This line talks about true happiness in life is following the opposite of the wicked path in life. Bad influences and a life of wickedness leads to an unhappy, fulfilled life. It's telling the reader to avoid the wicked path.  Later on, in verse 3, it uses a simile comparing the righteous path to standing tall and firmly planted like a tree which for me means those who chose the righteous path can stand tall in almost anything they face.  On the other hand it talks about the wicked blowing in the wind with no purpose.  Ultimately showing how it leads to nothing good.  The line that stands out to me is line 5 saying “when judgment comes, therefore, they shall not stand firm.” This shows that unlike the tree of the righteous, they won't stand firm and blossom, rather blow away from their choices.  The last line discusses how the lord watches over the righteous.  He protects those who choose this path and does not protect those who follow the good path and gods law, but does not protect the wicked.

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Lord, who may lodge in your tent? Who may dwell on your holy mountain?

With additionally reading the footnotes for this Psalm, the words tent and dwell are not supposed to be taken literally, but rather like a hyperbole. This line is kind of asking “Who is worthy of worshiping you in a temple?”

One of blameless life, who does what is right and speaks the truth from his heart;

This line starts to go into requirements for temple worship and what is expected of someone who comes to such a holy place.

Who has no malice on his tongue, who never wrongs his fellow, and tells no tales against his neighbor;

The person coming in needs to be following the 10 commandments, there is a connection between this Psalm and the commandments. They can’t lie about their neighbors, wrong the people around them, or have hidden agendas (like gossip and lies)

Who shows his scorn for those the Lord rejects,

They can’t show any support to the people that the Lord says are bad people. No mercy for the people that don’t follow the word of God.

But honours those who fear the Lord;

This line is interesting to me. I’m trying to understand if the Lord wants people to fear him or feel protected by him. There is a lot of back and forth about God being a “forgiving” character but this line, to me, proves that he is not a forgiving character and kind of a power hungry one instead.

Who holds to his oath even to his own hurt,

This line is saying that in order to be worthy of worshipping at this temple, you need to put your devotion to God before anything else. You need to be willing to sacrifice what you want even if it'll hurt you, to hold on to that devotion and oath to God.

Who does not put his money out to usury, And never accepts a bribe against the innocent.

Someone who doesn’t give things out (especially money) with the intention of asking for much more in return. Like helping out but at a cost. Also not accepting bribes or letting money sway you to do things against God's word.

He who behaves in this way will remain unshaken.

This line is a wrap up. The word “Unshaken” means not straying away from your religion and remaining steady. Basically it is saying if you follow all of these little rules and worship at the temple you will stay faithful to God and be in good standing with him.

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Psalm 23:1 - The Lord provides, we shall not want, trust in Him, His presence is sufficient

23:2 - Green pastures represent rest, sheep lie down when they feel safe, the Lords guides us to safety with Him

23:3 - He restores us, the Lord is faithful, He has a plan for us, it's our choice to follow it

23:4 - Shadow of death (darkness), but not to fear with his staff (guidance) as our comfort in these times

23:5 - Gods protection even with enemies around, anointing with oil (symbolizes honor and blessing)

23:6 - Follow, pressure God's goodness. House of the Lord- communion with God, dwelling in his presence

God is a shepherd who provides, guids, and protects. Psalm 23 expresses to trust in Him, trust in His care, His guidance, and presence.

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I chose Psalm 4:7 which states, “But you have put into my heart a greater happiness than others had from grain and wine in plenty.” The first line “But you have put into my heart a greater happiness,” suggests that the writer has a personal connection to God when they refer to him as “you,” and is also saying that the happiness he gets from outside sources does not compare to the happiness he feels from God, as it is much stronger. The second line, “than others had from grain and wine in plenty,” compares the happiness one gets from god to the happiness one gets from “food and wine in plenty” which represents the happiness one gets from wealth. This suggests that even if one had whatever they wanted, their happiness is no match to the happiness God gives, therefore it suggests the true happiness comes from God, not things.

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I chose Psalm 13.

Psalm 13:1 David expresses this sense of being forgotten by God and questions how long God will continue to hide from him. In the repetition of “How long” within the psalm, we see David’s pain and confusion.

Psalm 13:2 It seems that the reason he may feel abandoned by God is because he’s experiencing great adversity. David’s conflicts are external, but he is also facing internal battles.

Psalm 13:3 Even though David is experiencing great troubles, he is still being faithful to God.

He calls out to God for action and he asks for God’s presence to be shown to him. Within this verse, we also see that David is fearing for his life. We see this when David writes, “... lest I sleep the sleep of Death.”

Psalm 13:4 is hard to analyze, but if I were to break it down. We see that David doesn’t like the idea, or doesn't want the idea of his enemies being able to say that they have beaten him, because he’s chosen by God.

Psalm 13:5 This is the turning point of the Psalm. Now we see David is professing his trust in God, regardless of what he's facing. This change isn’t from God fixing his situation right away, but through his faithfulness in God's ability to get him out of his hardships.

Psalm 13:6 This piggybacks off the previous verse, but David is declaring that God will grant his desires. The psalm ends in praises to God, even when it began with despair.

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This psalm is very empowering. Psalm 13 displays how powerful faith is and how it can turn your doubt into confidence. Just as it did with David.

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I choose to do Psalm 121
I lift up my eyes to the mountains—
where does my help come from?
My help comes from the Lord,
the Maker of heaven and earth.

He will not let your foot slip—
he who watches over you will not slumber;
indeed, he who watches over Israel
will neither slumber nor sleep.

The Lord watches over you—
the Lord is your shade at your right hand;
the sun will not harm you by day,
nor the moon by night.

The Lord will keep you from all harm—
he will watch over your life;
the Lord will watch over your coming and going
both now and forevermore.

Reading Psalm 121 reminds me that I am never truly alone, no matter what challenges I face. The image of lifting my eyes to the mountains makes me think about the obstacles and uncertainties in life — things that can seem overwhelming at times. Yet this psalm brings comfort by reminding me that my help comes from the Lord, the very Creator of heaven and earth. It reassures me that God is always watching over me, even when I’m tired, worried, or unsure of what comes next. Knowing that He never sleeps or turns away gives me peace and strength to keep moving forward. This psalm helps me trust that God’s protection and guidance are constant, and that I can rest in His care every step of the way.

Verse 1: “I lift up my eyes to the mountains—where does my help come from?”
The psalm opens with a question that captures both wonder and vulnerability. The speaker looks to the mountains, which may symbolize strength or challenges. For travelers on their way to Jerusalem, the mountains were both beautiful and dangerous. Spiritually, they can represent the difficulties we face in life. The question “Where does my help come from?” reveals a moment of reflection — a search for security and reassurance.

Verse 2: “My help comes from the Lord, the Maker of heaven and earth.”
This verse immediately answers the question with confidence. Help does not come from human strength or earthly things, but from God, the Creator of all. By identifying God as “the Maker of heaven and earth,” the psalmist emphasizes His power and authority. It’s a declaration of faith that the One who created everything is more than capable of guiding and protecting His people.

Verse 3: “He will not let your foot slip—he who watches over you will not slumber;”
The image of a slipping foot symbolizes falling into trouble or danger. The psalmist assures believers that God will not allow them to stumble or fail beyond recovery. Unlike humans who grow tired or inattentive, God is ever-watchful. This verse emphasizes His constant vigilance — He is always present, always alert, and never off guard.

Verse 4: “Indeed, he who watches over Israel will neither slumber nor sleep.”
Here, the message of verse 3 is repeated and expanded. God’s care extends not only to the individual but to all of Israel — His chosen people. The repetition serves as reassurance: God’s protection is tireless and continuous. His watchfulness is perfect and unending, showing that He is a faithful guardian who never abandons His people.

Verse 5: “The Lord watches over you—the Lord is your shade at your right hand;”
This verse uses the image of shade to describe God’s protection. In the desert climate, shade was a symbol of relief and safety. By saying God is at “your right hand,” the psalmist suggests that God is close and personal, always within reach. This portrays a sense of companionship — God is not distant, but present beside us, providing shelter and comfort.

Verse 6: “The sun will not harm you by day, nor the moon by night.”
This line poetically expresses God’s protection at all times. The “sun” and “moon” represent the extremes of day and night — in other words, every moment of life. The psalmist assures that no danger, whether physical or spiritual, will overcome those who trust in God. It is a way of saying that God’s care covers every situation, 24 hours a day.

Verse 7: “The Lord will keep you from all harm—he will watch over your life;”
This verse deepens the promise of protection. “Keep you from all harm” does not mean a life free from difficulty, but rather that God will guard your soul from ultimate harm. The focus is on spiritual safety — that God preserves your inner being, your faith, and your purpose. It highlights God’s role as both protector and sustainer of life.

Verse 8: “The Lord will watch over your coming and going both now and forevermore.”
The psalm concludes with a powerful summary. “Coming and going” represent all daily activities — everything we do and everywhere we go. The phrase “now and forevermore” expands the promise beyond time, assuring that God’s protection is eternal. This closing verse offers a lasting peace, reminding believers that God’s care is continuous throughout life and beyond.

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In “Disability and Infanticide in Ancient Greece,” Sneed goes over several interesting points. In the writing, we see how ideas about disability and infanticide were driven by cultural beliefs. These beliefs stemmed from what was considered normal and desirable in ancient Greek society. For the Greeks, having a disability meant being unfavored, which is why some families might have chosen to hide a child they believed was divinely disfavored. I found it interesting that the records related to disabilities did not prescribe death as a result of the condition. Instead, they often outlined procedures to address disabilities and recommended beginning those treatments as soon as possible.“Physicians in ancient Greece did not typically assist in childbirth, nor were they involved in decisions regarding its procedures. If the physician-author of On Joints encountered and was able to develop such a lengthy treatment plan for clubfoot, ... we can infer not only that parents and midwives were unsure about what to do—that is, there was no obvious, culturally or legally prescribed course of action …” (Sneed 755).

Socially and culturally, disability seems to have been a topic that many Greeks were unfamiliar with. What confuses me is that, although they had procedures to treat disabilities, those with disabilities were still treated as less than others. We see this earlier in Sneed’s writing, he refers to Plato's and Aristotle's utopian texts. Which speaks on the separation of inferior and superior beings. “take the offspring of ‘good parents’ and raise them, but ‘the [children] from inferior parents, and if any [child] from other parents is impaired (ἀνάπηρον), will be hidden away in a secret and unknown place, as is fitting’ … in Plato’s ideal state, the children of the lower classes and disabled children should be hidden away and denied enfranchisement and a social existence.” (Sneed 752). So, while disabled infants and individuals may not have been sentenced to death at birth, they were often hidden agendas that thought their existence was a stain to society because of their differences. I believe Sneed alludes to the idea that when children were said to be hidden, it could imply that the author avoided directly mentioning death, choosing to phrase it in a particular way. Overall, I think Sneed’s work shows us how different ancient societies defined the value of life and how their ideas continue to challenge our modern understanding of humanity and care.

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I choose Psalm 23

1 “The Lord is my shepherd; I lack for nothing.”

God is described as a shepherd who will actively provide everything and protect His sheep. David acknowledges God as his protector and provider. He is satisfied when having God.

2 “He makes me lie down in green pastures,

he leads me to water where I may rest;”

God provides a peaceful and safe place for His sheep to rest. “Green pastures” and “water” indicate physical needs.

3 “he revives my spirit;

for his name’s sake he guides me in the right paths.”

Beside physical needs, God also cares for David's spiritual needs. David realizes that God is his guide. “Right paths” are the ways that align with God's will and character. This verse shows that God always guides David in His wills which can bring glory to God.

4 “Even were I to walk through a valley of deepest darkness

I should fear no harm, for you are with me;

your shepherd’s staff and crook afford me comfort.”

David knows that God will always be with him and protect him. Thus, even when he suffers from the worst situation in his life, he knows God will take care of him and comfort him.

5 “You spread a table for me in the presence of my enemies;

you have richly anointed my head with oil,

and my cup brims over.”

David recognizes God always stands on his side when he faces his enemies, which means he will have victory over his enemies. He is anointed by God which means he is God’s chosen one. This is related to the story God chose David to be king of Israelites after king Saul. God does not only provide David enough but more than enough.

6 “Goodness and love unfailing will follow me all the days of my life,

and I shall dwell in the house of the Lord throughout the years to come.”

David receives many blessings and unfailing love from God, and he believes that God will continue to love and bless him for the rest of his life. Thus, he promises to be in the presence of God, build his relationship with God, and be God child for his whole life.

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Psalm 23: 1-4

"The Lord is my Shepard, I lack for nothing"- the Lord guides me, He provides me whatever I need

"He makes me lie down in green pastures , he leads me to water where I may rest"- sheep lay in green pastures to rest safely, God keeps us secure and safe, water is renewing

"he revives my spirit; for his names sake he guides me in the right paths"- God spiritually guides us

"even were I to walk through a valley of deepest darkness I should fear no harm for you are with me, your Shepards staff and crook afford me comfort"- confidence that God protects from darkness, rod wards off, staff guides, God is a protective and guiding father

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Psalm Analysis-Marcos Godoy

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Psalm 8.1 Lord our sovereign, how glorious is your name throughout the world! Your majesty is praised as high as the heavens,

David writes about the power of God’s name and how far his word has reached.

Psalm 8.2 from the mouths of babes and infants at the breast. You have established a bulwark against your adversaries to restrain the enemy and the avenger.

God has established a kingdom of followers that will fight against those who threaten those who follow God.

Psalm 8.3 When I look up at your heavens, the work of your fingers, at the moon and the stars you have set in place,

David draws attention to the creations of God regardless how big or how small they are all created from God, these creations make up the heavens for which God reigns over the people of Earth.

Psalm 8.4 what is a frail mortal, that you should be mindful of him, a human being, that you should take notice of him?

David asks the question to God about what makes an individual important enough to communicate with God. Asking God what makes someone enough to allow them to speak with him is an interesting question since he is talking to God himself.

Psalm 8.5 Yet you have made him little less than a god, crowning his head with glory and honour.

David talks about the differences between God and humans, how humans are lesser than God. Then he describes how humans have been elevated to high stature.

Psalm 8.6 You make him master over all that you have made, putting everything in subjection under his feet:

This talks about how humans were put into power over all other creatures on Earth.

Psalm 8.7 all sheep and oxen, all the wild beasts

8.7 and 8.8 discuss what humans were given by God to rule over.

Psalm 8.8 the birds in the air, the fish in the sea, and everything that moves along ocean paths.

Like the footnote states sections 8.5-8.8 talk about the link to Genesis and how the humans were given governance over Earth by God.

Psalm 8.9 Lord our sovereign, how glorious is your name throughout the world!

David pulls together the passage with the opening line, to display that Gods word is the beginning as well as the end.

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Psalms 26

1 “ Vindicate me, O Lord, for I have walked in my integrity. I have also trusted in the lord, I shall not slip.”

In this Psalm, David is talking to God and pleading for God to declare his innocence

2 “ Examine me, O lord, and prove me; Try my mind and my heart.”

I believe that this is a prayer to those who are living holy lives

3 “ For your lovingkindness is before my eyes, And I have walked in your truth”

David is saying he has been loyal to God, and his walk is righteous

4 “I have not sat with idolatrous mortals, nor will I go in with hypocrites.”

I believe this line is saying that David is telling God that he was not hanging out with sinners and that idolatrous mortals are people who worship other gods.

5   “I have hated the assembly of evildoers and will not sit with the wicked.”

David is saying that he does not get along with people who are evil and who sin against  God; he calls them wicked people.

6 “I will wash my hands in innocence; so I will go about your altar, O lord”

David is going to cleanse himself before he enters God's holy place and worships him. Washing of the hands is seen as an act of innocence that was done mostly in the Old Testament.

7 “That I may proclaim with the voice of thanksgiving And tell of all your wondrous works “

After being cleansed and worshiping God, he is going to give God praise and spread the news of God's works.

8 “ Lord, I have loved the habitation of Your house,

And the place where Your glory dwells.”

David is telling God that he loves being in the temple to worship and praise. This chapter of Psalms shows us the integrity of David and how he is yearning for God's presence.

9“Do not gather my soul with sinners,

Nor my life with bloodthirsty men,”

I believe this means  David does not want God to kill him along with the sinners. He is asking God to separate him from the others.

10“In whose hands is a sinister scheme,

And whose right hand is full of bribes. “

He is just describing the type of sinners that he does not like

11 “But as for me, I will walk in my integrity;

Redeem me and be merciful to me.”

David is declaring to God that he is not like the rest; he is different and completely separate from the wicked.

12 “My foot stands in an even place;

In the congregations I will bless the Lord.”

David is saying that he stands righteous in front of God and Integral, and he is reading to publicly express his loyalty to God.  Psalms 26 was written by King David and is a cry for God to vindicate him and declare him innocent

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Disability and infanticide in Ancient Greece by Debby Sneed argues that a popular motive was that Greek people had been constantly killing abandoned babies and babies that had been born with a disability. In her writing, she describes how the ancient writers basically go over these writings, exposing the babies. In her argument, she uses evidence that shows how many families actually cared for disabled people and do not want to kill them.. In Sneed's research, she shows the human nature of the Greek people. We assume that ancient people are evil and harsh. This article shows us that we should not rely on written sources without real physical confirmation.

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This activity helped me learn a lot about the resources that the library has to offer. It was also interesting to see that in certain databases we have, you can use keywords like "OR" or "AND" to get better results. Overall very helpful!

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While looking through the tutorials on the Library website, I was surprised at how in depths a lot of the readings were. I wasn’t aware you could search for certain words together, and take certain words out without deleting them. Learning tricks to spot if a website is reliable, such as seeing if it has advertisements inside it, or if the article is trying to get its reader to buy a product.These tutorials helped me better navigate the world of misinformation that is present today so I can reach information that I know is reliable,and in a quicker and easier manner than before I started these tutorials.

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These tools were very helpful to me as I did not take FYE here at Fitchburg State. The readings were helpful for how to find things and how to use the tools. The tutorials were also useful because I like to see things rather than spending a lot of time to find things myself.

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I completed the Library Research Tutorial in my FYE class first semester of last year. However, going over it again now was very helpful as it refreshed my memory of what sources I should be using to do research and what to look for to make sure those sources are credible.

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I have already completed the tutorial last year but looking again has made me realize the importance of using key words to help find the right resources. It's also important to ask yourself if a source is reliable and why. These tutorials are useful because it can really help u become successful when searching for the right evidence or information.