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The Women's Suffrage movement (1848-1920) was a movement originally founded by Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and Lucretia Mottmade for women to have the right to vote.

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This drawing was influenced/taken from another drawing which is an anti suffragist postcard called “ No votes thank you, the appeal of womanhood”. This postcard looks to show the greek goddess, Venus who is the god of womanhood and love. She looks feminine with flowers and a dress which was what was seen as the norm and a socially acceptable woman, and she is holding up a sign that says “No votes thank you” In the background you can see a hysterical woman running around and shouting with a “vote” flag and hammer in her hand. This postcard clearly intents on passing the message that women who are suffragists are not socially acceptable, and is hysterical and aggressive. Nell Brinkley took this anti suffragist postcard and made it in to something that supports the suffragist movement. As the name of this drawing suggests, this drawing shows the three graces, which are goddesses of creativity, beauty and charm are represented by the 3 women shown in this drawing. The three woman are seen to be wearing all different clothes, an army uniform, a newspaper uniform, and a dress that has a design of the American flag. In the back of the three woman  you can also see the American flag. This replaces the stereotype the original drawing had for suffragists and makes it something positive. It shows the suffragist women are capable of working and are ready to fight and work for their country, and emphasizes the fact that woman are working and paying taxes, and doing the same thing as a man does, so they should be able to have the right to vote.

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The original anti suffragist art that Brinkley referenced was made by National League for Opposing Woman Suffrage, Bird, Harold, and J. Miles and Co. 

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Women’s suffrage — We are ready to Work beside you Fight beside you and Die beside you — Let Us Vote Beside You Vote for Woman Suffrage (November 6th 1917)

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Women’s suffrage — We are ready to Work beside you Fight beside you and Die beside you — Let Us Vote Beside You Vote for Woman Suffrage (November 6th 1917)

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This poster shows a man and a woman working in a munitions factory, with the captions "Women’s suffrage — We are ready to Work beside you Fight beside you and Die beside you — Let Us Vote Beside You Vote for Woman Suffrage". The drawing puts the man and the women on equal positions, and both of them working together. This further implies that woman and men are equal, and shows the message that women equally deserves the right of voting.

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The Declaration of Rights and Sentiments (1848) by Elizabeth Cady Stanton

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The Declaration of Rights and Sentiments (1848) by Elizabeth Cady Stanton

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The Declaration of Rights and Sentiment was written by Elizabeth Cady Stanton, who was one of the founders of the national women's suffrage organizations. The document was presented to the participants of the first Women's Right Convention held  at Seneca Falls,New York. Modeled from the Declaration of Independence, this document was made to amend the wrongs  against women and raise the social and legal stance of women. The author has the clear intentions to challenge the status quo during this time period, where the government and legal actions were controlled by men and women were seen inferior to men.  Here’s a direct quote from the document,“....We hold these truths to be self-evident; that all men and women are created equal…..they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness”.This clearly shows the authors belief that woman and men are equal, and that they both deserve and should be provided with equal rights. Furthermore in the document, it argues that the government is oppressing women and the unfair and patriarchal society they are placed against. The author then lists the unfair treatment that women get from the government, such as the fact that women are unable to vote and have a voice in the laws that she permits to, and the unfair divorce laws that women are framed against. “After depriving her of all rights as a married woman, if single and the owner of property, he has taxed her to support a government which recognizes her only when her property can be made profitable to it.” This text strongly suggests that society and the government views women as a property and not a citizen or a person, having her stripped away from her rights but still making her perform the same thing a man does. It emphasizes the fact that women were shown little respect, being seen and treated like an object, and forcing her to submit to the unfair laws that men created.“But when a long train of abuses and usurpation, pursuing invariably the same object, evinces a design to reduce them under absolute despotism, it is their duty to throw off such government, and to provide new guards for their future security.”. Finally, this text from the first page of the document shows that the author has strong desires to stop the cycle of abuse that women have faced, and to change the government that is supporting the patriarchal society. This document was faced with huge amounts of ridicule and criticism when it was first released, but I believe that this had an huge effect on the women during the time period, challenging the social norm and the patriarchy.

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The March of the Women (1910) by Ethel Smyth

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The March of the Women (1910) by Ethel Smyth

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The March of the Women, composed in 1910, was introduced as the official Woman's Social and Political Union (WSPU) by Emmeline Pankhurst.  Emmeline was the  founder of WSPU and the song is often associated with the women suffragist movement. This song was often used for parades and rallies, and was sung at Pall Mall in celebrations of some suffragists that were released from prison. Additionally, the conductor Thomas Beechman claimed he heard it sung in Holloway Prison where Ethel and Emmeline was imprisoned. The song has an uplifting tune, and the lyrics such as “March, march, swing you along” makes this song perfect for marches and rallies, because of the easy to remember lyrics and the encouraging message it gives to the audience. The song also has lyrics like “Strong, strong, stand we at last” has a very powerful message, that these suffragists who sang this song to fight for equality won’t be overpowered, and will keep fighting. During this time period women were oppressed and didn't have the rights they deserved, so this song made a lot of influence to the women at the time, encouraging them to come together and fight the inequality that they face.

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Nell Brinkley
https://www.loc.gov/collections/national-american-woman-suffrage-association/about-this-collection/

Broadside Protests - Votes for Women! | by Urban Environmental

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Ethel Smyth: March of the Women

Declaration of Sentiments - Women's Rights National Historical Park (US National Park Service)

Declaration of Sentiments
Declaration of Sentiments | Summary & Facts
Broadside : Twelve reasons why women should vote. [Circa 1915-1917] · Ann Lewis Women's Suffrage Collection

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Status quo/Social value during the Women's suffrage

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Status quo/Social value during the Women's suffrage

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The status quo during this time was centered mostly around men, making a very patriarchal society and government. Women didn't have equal rights as men, and faced inequality in a lot of the laws she was subjected to. She was denied of education for the reason of being an women, she couldn't vote because she was a women, and still she had to follow the law.

Eventually women started advocating against the abuse and the inequality they were framed on, which was what the Women's Suffrage movement was. Social value for women started to shift as this movement started and created a large effect on the government and the society, which has effected today's world for women too.

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Broadside Pamphlet — 12 Reasons Why Women Should Vote (1915 - 1917) by: New York : National Woman Suffrage Publishing Company, Inc.

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Broadside Pamphlet — 12 Reasons Why Women Should Vote (1915 - 1917) by: New York : National Woman Suffrage Publishing Company, Inc.

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This broadside pamphlet was distributed and spread to many organizations to advocate the women's suffrage movement. You can clearly see that the author believes that women deserves to have the right to vote, and that they have a strong opinion. These pamphlets were made as a way for suffragists to get the attention they needed in order to expand their movement, and it's made in a list so it's short and easy to view and will catch more people's attention. Some of the words are in capitals or bolded to emphasize that women voting is a necessary and positive thing, and they should be provided with the rights they deserve. The last reason were they states that women voting is "...is for the common good of all" is in capitals, and leaves a strong image to the readers that votes for women will bring a positive outcome and will make our society better, and sums up the pamphlet with a good image. It also gets rid of the stereotype that women who wanted votes were faced against that they are aggressive and hysterical, by stating more facts about how women's votes are helpful and how the votes could affect their children's and homes. Overall, these kinds of pamphlet helped out the suffrage movement get more publicity and awareness for women.