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In 1775 Alexander Cumming invented and patented the S-trap which paved the way for the modern toilet that we use today. His toilet design made use of standing water in the toilet as a seal. This idea was taken on and developed by Joseph Bramah who added a sliding valve in the bowl outlet.

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In 1596 John Harington invented a flushing toilet with a cistern. It didn't catch on! He actually became more famous for his poetry!

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In the 12th century the monks improved on the basic 'pits in the ground' system by building stone chutes which went down to the sea. When the tide came in the sewage was flushed away.

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There are also examples of similar flush toilets being used in both Knossos in Crete (2000BC)and throughout the Roman Empire.

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There have been forms of flush toilets around for a long time......

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At Skara Brae in Orkney they used hydraulic technology and a system of rivers for a primitive version of flush toilets. This was in approximately 3000BC. Amazing!

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The Indus Valley (2600BC - 1900BC) civilisation had flush toilets and sewers. Amazing!