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The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system. One  the many different parts of the brain is the frontal lobe is located in the located in the front of the brain and it is used for cognitive skills in humans like memory, problem solving and even sexual behaviors.

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http://lrrpublic.cli.det.nsw.edu.au/lrrSecure/Sites/LRRView/7700/documents/5657/5657/5657_05.htm
https://owlcation.com/stem/Here-is-what-happens-when-you-accidentally-touch-a-hot-pot
https://www.cliffsnotes.com/study-guides/anatomy-and-physiology/nervous-tissue/transmission-of-nerve-impulses

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2.1 Compare voluntary and reflex actions and explain the role of the autonomic nervous system.

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2.1 Compare voluntary and reflex actions and explain the role of the autonomic nervous system.

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A reflex action is an involuntary action which is processed by our autonomic system and is initiated by a stimulus. A reflex is something that the human body does naturally a quick and rapid response to stimuli and performed without consciousness.
A voluntary response is something that happens over time and is mainly controlled by our consciousness. This controls movements such as walking, talking or even writing.
The autonomic system is the system the controls all of the bodys organs, and has to main functions which are called sympathetic and parasympathetic. The autonomic system processes what is taking place around the body's environment and responds by using one of the these processes. The parasympathetic controls the body's during ordinary situations and the sympathetic is known as the fight or slight response, it is used in situations where the body needs to quickly respond.

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1.3 Explain the mechanism of the transmission of an impulse along a neuron. 

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1.3 Explain the mechanism of the transmission of an impulse along a neuron. 

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Electrical change is the cause of transmission along a nerve impulse from one end of a neuron to the other. When the unstimulated neuron is polarized. the inside of a membrane is negative and the outside of the membrane is positive.
Polarization happens when a excess of neurons if maintained. However, sodium and potassium is always actively leaking through channels. When the membrane is resting the pain contribution is the permeability between both sodium as well as potassium ions however, the resting membrane is much more permeable to potassium ions this results in a more net potassium ion diffusion.
Action potential occurs when a neuron is able to send information down the axon and away from the body. However, the permeability changes because the neuron is at a negative charge and sodium as well as potassium ions are unable to pass through.
Neurotransmitters travel through synapse between the axon as well as the dendrite which they are binned too and straight on to the next neuron. When a nerve impulse is able to reach the end of an axon is when the neurotransmitters are released.
The resting potential is when a neuron is at  –70 millivolts. A graded potential happens when the stimulus causes a resting potential in the membrane. Whenever potassium ions or sodium ions cause the gated channels to open a resting potential takes place.
Hyperpolarization happens when something changes in the cells membrane that makes it more negative it increases the stimulus that is required to that assist the membrane potential to move to the action potentials threshold.
Depolarization is the opposite of hyperpolarization and this happens when the stimulus goes about the threshold, this allowed more gated channels to open and more sodium is welcomed in. The neuron begins to depolarize and an action potential is created.

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1.2 Explain the role of the sensory and motor neurons in a reflex arc.

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1.2 Explain the role of the sensory and motor neurons in a reflex arc.

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There are types of reflex arcs, one is called the automatic reflex arc which involves inner organs and the other is called the somatic reflex arc which involves muscles. During a reflex, the path that the nerve impulses take is called a reflex arc. The role of a sensory neuron during a reflex arc is to not do what they usually do which is send messages to the brain. Instead of passing messages on to the brain the sensory neurons pass directly to the spinal cord through the synapse this saves time and allows for a much faster reflex. During this process the motor neuron is activated because of its ability to conduct impulses and assist the sensory neuron in directly getting the message to the spinal cord. For example, when you place your hand on something that is steaming hot by accident you don't think to yourself first and ''say let me move my hand'' , your body immediately reacts and picks up your hand.

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1.1 Describe the structure of the central nervous system, sensory, connector and motor neurons.

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1.1 Describe the structure of the central nervous system, sensory, connector and motor neurons.

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The central nervous system is what assists the nerve tissues with controlling the body's activities. The central nervous system is divided into two main parts which are the brain and the spinal cord. The brain which is protected by the cranium and the spin which is protected by the vertebrae

The nerves system is full of  neurons, these neurons are connected by synapses and used to form pathways that are placed throughout the body. Sensory neurons which can be also known as afferent neurons however, are responsible for converting the organs environment which can be known as periphery, for example the sensory neuron takes external stimuli and coverts it into electrical impulses. Another responsibility that sensory neurons have is converting different types of stimulus by using their receptor they can change this stimulus into action potentials or graded potentials by using a process called sensory transduction. Sensory neurons are located in the dorsal ganglia which can also be found in the spinal cord.

Another well known neuron is the connector and motor neuron. The motor neuron is located in the central nervous system and their main job is to control muscles. The structure of a motor neuron contains a single axon as well as multiple dendrites. However, a connector neuron which can also be known as a interneuron is a overall section is neurons which can be found in the human body.