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Representative Gov.- England's tradition of representative gov. dates to the eleventh century, when a council of religious leaders and nobles formed to advise the king. Limited Gov.- One of the earliest English efforts toward limited gov. dates to the year 1215, when English nobles forced King John to sign the "Great Charter"
Individual Gov.- Alongside representative and limited gov., a tradition of individual rights developed in England.

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English Bill of Rights- stated English monarchs would no longer be able to enact laws, raise taxes, or keep an army without Parliaments consent

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Proprietary Colony- based on grant of land by English monarch to individual/group.
Royal Colony- directly controlled by the king through an appointed governor.
Charter Colonies- operated under charters agreed to by the king and the colony

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In 1785, a group of farmers led by Daniel Shays attacked a courthouse when threatened of the foreclosure of their farms. Congress couldn't afford the money or manpower to stop the rebellion, so it continued for another year before a state militia ended it.

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After the French and Indian War, Great Britain was left in massive debt. In 1764, parliament imposed a series of taxes on the colonies starting with the Sugar Act. The taxation on the colonies without consent or representation left colonists in an outrage.

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- In the event known as the Boston Massacre in 1770, a group of protesters were fired upon by British soldiers.
- When parliament gave all rights of American tea trade to the East India Company, Boston colonists disguised themselves as native Americans and dumped 342 chests of tea into the harbor.
- Soon after the Boston Tea Party, parliament passed a new series of acts, now known as the intolerable acts, in 1774. Colonist leaders gathered in gatherings known as the continental congress to discuss independence.

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John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Robert Livingston, Roger Sherman, and Thomas Jefferson.

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Who Wrote Most of the Document and Where Did He Get His Inspiration?

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Who Wrote Most of the Document and Where Did He Get His Inspiration?

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Thomas Jefferson wrote most of the document. His writing was inspired by the Virginia Declaration of Rights, which was based off of John Locke's view of government.

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Articles of Confederation; Legislative, Executive, Judicial.

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States powers include the ability to collect taxes and enforce national law

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The states retained all powers not specifically given to Congress. Every power, jurisdiction, and right which is not by this Confederation expressly delegated to the U.S. in Congress assembled.

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After a successful negotiation of trade between two states brought on by George Washington in 1785, James Madison made an attempt on a larger scale to settle all commerce disputes. Because of poor attendance in the meeting, it became apparent that the Articles needed to be revised.

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- The Virginia Plan was the idea that a new government was needed for the country to be successful; one where the central government was split into three branches - legislative, executive, and judicial - each with the ability to balance the others.
- The New Jersey Plan was drafted by representatives from small states who were worried that the Virginia Plan gave large states too much power. They suggested that they stick closely to the Articles and give each state equal representation in votes.
- The New Jersey Plan was rejected, but supporters refused to accept the Virginia Plan.

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Drafted by Roger Sherman in 1787, the Connecticut Compromise, better known as the great compromise, combined both plans in a way that limited central government, and allowed both equal say and population-based votes in specific scenarios.

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After a debate over whether-or-not slaves should be considered members of a state's population, they agreed that for every five slaves, three would count towards population.

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Federalist- people supported the adoption of the U.S. Constitution and strong national Gov.
Anti-federalist- people who opposed the adoption of the U.S. Constitution

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People who wanted the Constitution to be adopted and people who opposed it.

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The federalist wanted the Constitution to stay. The anti-federalist didn't want the Constitution to be adopted and opposed it.

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The Federalists believed that a powerful national gov. would strengthen the fragile union and be able to promote the public good. They also think that the Constitution would give the country the strong, orderly national gov. that the Articles of Confederation had failed to deliver.

The Anti-federalists charged that Constitution betrayed the democratic ideals of the American Revolution. They saw the document as an assault upon state sovereignty, republicanism, and the liberty of the people. They believed the national gov. called for by the Constitution would become too powerful and that the strong executive it described would be too similar to a king.

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Federalists vs Anti-Federalists in Five Minutes

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Self-Government- all of the new state constitutions established republican governments with strong legislatures composed of elected representatives.
Separation of Powers- Each state established three branches of government: legislative, executive, judicial. The new constitution gave state legislatures the real power to govern.
Limited Government- The strong legislative bodies that the colonies created reflected their general distrust of monarchy.
Individual Rights- one way to protect people from the excesses of government power was to legally protect their rights.

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Met in Philidelphia to organize a militia into thw continental army with George Washington as the commander. In 1775, the Revolutionary War had begun.

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Met  in Philidelphia to organize a militia into thw continental army with George Washington as the commander. In August 1775, the Revolutionary War had begun.

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Met  in Philidelphia to organize a militia into thw continental army with George Washington as the commander. In August 1775, the Revolutionary War had begun