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The Missouri Compromise was compromise to try to keep the peace in the Union. Congress admitted Missouri to the Union as a slave state and Maine as a Free state.

https://www.history.com/topics/missouri-compromise

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With the new president’s decision to not let any new states become slave states, the south went wild.  Even if the South was going to be left alone and have reinforcement of the Fugitive Slave Act, the South still left the Union.

https://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/secession

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14. Abraham Lincoln is Elected as President

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14. Abraham Lincoln is Elected as President

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The election of 1860 was an interesting one, having the winner only having 40 percent of the votes.  Lincoln won, making the south less powerful, preventing them from shaping politics in their favor.

https://approachingjustice.net/2015/02/12/happy-birthday-abraham-lincoln-my-founder/

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John Brown was an abolitionist who believed that bloodshed was the way to go, planning a raid at the arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, wanting to steal weapons to give to slaves.  This plan ultimately failed, leaving Brown’s men killed or captured, including himself, but Brown’s actions left the southerners feeling uneasy.

http://www.ushistory.org/us/32c.asp

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In 1858, Abraham Lincoln was nominated for senator.  Lincoln lost but his speech about slavery being a moral problem, and how it’s going to divide the country, made slavery more of an open topic for debates.

https://thenationsplitsapart.wordpress.com/lincolns-path-to-the-white-house/

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Dred Scott was a slave who was traveling with his master to Wisconsin, and then back to Missouri.  Scott went to Supreme Court to try to convince them to set him free, but the court argued that no matter what, an African American could never become a citizen.

http://totallyhistory.com/dred-scott-v-sandford/

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All the commotion in Kansas motivated Charles Sumner to confess his concerners in a speech called “crime against Kansas”, later being printed and shown to everyone.  This speech caused an uproar with southerners, leading to Preston Brooks, the South Carolina representative, to attack Sumner with his cane.

https://www.thoughtco.com/violence-over-slavery-in-senate-1773554

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Once the Nebraska-Kansas Act was passed in 1854, settlers from the North and South moved in, both wanting a different government.  Unfortunately, both sides used violence to try to get what they wanted.

http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h84.html

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The Ostend Manifesto was a document that was about buying Cuba from Spain, but Spain refused, urging the U.S. government to seize Cuba, making the Northerners outraged because they didn’t want another slave state.  The Nebraska-Kansas Act was an act that allowed Kansas and Nebraska to pick whether to be a free state or not, leaving the Northerns worried that two new slave states could be added.

https://www.history.com/topics/kansas-nebraska-act

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The new Fugitive Slave Act wasn’t popular with the North or the South.  The North complained that it’s unjust to have slaves, while the South argued that the Act needed to be reinforced.
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/fugitive-slave-acts

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Henry Clay wanted to make a compromise to suit everyone’s needs.  Clay would admit California as a free state, leaving Utah and New Mexico territories to pick whether to be a slave state or not.  Clay would also place a strong fugitive slave law.  This Compromise is accepted by Congress, yet Clay’s compromise would satisfy no one and made the debate even worse.

https://www.history.com/topics/compromise-of-1850

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With new territories being gained, Congress had to decide what to do with slavery.  California applied to join the Union as a free state, ending in more arguments with the North and the South.

https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=23856

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For 10 years, the Gag Rule prevented Congress from speaking any word about slavery, until Wilmot Proviso was introduced.  This bill’s purpose was to prevent slavery from ever happening, yet Congress shot it down, still keeping quiet about slavery.

http://www.robinsonlibrary.com/america/unitedstates/1783/

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To escape, slaves ran away to the North.  Slaveholders felt like their property was being taken away, which caused slaveholders to demand Congress to pass a fugitive slave law so they could recover their slaves.

https://canadaalive.wordpress.com/2013/01/01/end-of-the-line-canada-and-the-underground-railroad/

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Abolitionists weren’t happy with the Missouri Compromise, so they tried to get Congress to help them because Congress had the power to do so.  Instead, Congress was hesitant in doing so, making the “Gag Rule” to prevent any discussion of slavery.

http://www.abolitionseminar.org/did-abolitionists-cause-the-civil-war/