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1. The tropical areas like Africa and central or south America are most burdened by Yellow Fever [Barnett, Applied Lesson Public Health, p. 4]. Slave trade brought slaves from these places to the new world to meet the laborer-demand of the plantations. This might cause the spread of yellow fever to impact the native community groups [Columbian Exchange, 2010].

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1. Lacking medical access or the bad quality of medical care would cause that the slaves who were sick unable to access medical care, and that would worsen their illness [Barnett, Module 2 Class Slide #30, 6-14-2021]. The colonial rule might also impact the slaves or the native community groups to access medical care to a certain degree in America [Barnett, Applied Lesson Public Health, p. 4]. Based on that, these slaves probably die from yellow fever on the street that causes other impacts to exacerbate yellow fever on the native community groups indirectly.

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1. After the Columbian Exchange, more and more European countries found that the climate of the new world, which is the Americas, was beneficial to the plantation of many foods of the old world [Columbian Exchange, 2010]. Based on that, more and more forests were replaced by plantations in the Americas, and that changed the original environment to cause the extinction of the native species, such as some bird species since they lost their "home" [Ecology, Epidemics, and Empires, 1999].

2. The arrival of sugar cane in the Americas changed the natural environment of the new world. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes can survive by eating sugar cane since they prefer to eat sweet fluid. Based on that, the "new" environment, which was the plantation, became a comfortable incubator to promote the reproduction of Aedes aegypti that resulted in the spread of yellow fever in America [Ecology, Epidemics, and Empires, 1999].

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1. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which is the cause of yellow fever, were brought to the new world from the old world through the slave trade. The slave trade aimed to satisfy the large laborer demand for the plantation complex in America after the Columbian Exchange that more and more European countries tried to establish their colonies in the Americas [Ecology, Epidemics, and Empires, 1999].

2. The female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are the main group that transmits the pathogen to cause yellow fever on humans. This is because only the female mosquitoes eat human blood since human blood provides sufficient nutrition for their egg-laying [Olson, Applied Lesson Ecology, p. 4].

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Yellow fever due to the consequence of the Columbian Exchange impacted the most on the native community groups in America.  [Ecology, Epidemics, and Empires, 1999 & Columbian Exchange, 2010].