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Amelie Muir. (2018). RE ASSIGNMENT PRAYER EXPERIENCE CATHERINE MCAULEY. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_T1dZT_nwHE.

Caritas Australia. (2020). Catholic Social Teaching. Retrieved from https://www.caritas.org.au/learn/cst.

Institute of Sisters of Mercy of Australia. (2020). Who we are. Retrieved from https://institute.mercy.org.au/about-us/catherine-mcauley/

Luke - Bible Gateway. (2020). Luke 14:16-24. Retrieved from https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Luke+14%3A16-24&version=NIV.

Matthew - Bible Gateway. (2020). Matthew 8:1-4. Retrieved from https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+8%3A1-4&version=NIV.

Mercy Health. (2020). About Catherine McAuley. Retrieved from https://www.mercyhealth.com.au/our-history/about-catherine-mcauley/.

Mercy International Association. (2020). Chronology. Retrieved from https://www.mercyworld.org/catherine/chronology/.

Pope Leo XIII. (2020). Rerum Novarum. Retrieved from http://www.vatican.va/content/leo-xiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_l-xiii_enc_15051891_rerum-novarum.html.

TheMercyChannel. (2010). Circle of Mercy - The Life of Catherine McAuley (Part 1 of 2). Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f-NVG5XH35w.

TheMercyChannel. (2010). Circle of Mercy - The Life of Catherine McAuley (Part 2 of 2). Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=polf6uPJNOs
Ashling Sheehan. (2017). Changing role of women in the Irish society: an overview of the female consumer. Retrieved from https://content.sciendo.com/view/journals/ijm/36/3/article-p162.xml

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7.0 Priestly, Prophetic and Kingly Roles of Jesus in Today's Society

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7.0 Priestly, Prophetic and Kingly Roles of Jesus in Today's Society

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A modern day organisation that continues to live out the kingly, prophetic and priestly roles of Jesus is the Sister of Mercy. The religious and international foundation 'Sisters of Mercy' that was introduced by Catherine McAuley have continued her legacy of living peacefully and in unity, and helping others in a happy manner. The Sisters of Mercy follows a kingly life like Jesus through helping the surrounding community of the foundation with 'Mercy Health' impacting schools, hospitals and aged care centres. The organisation lives out the prophetic roles of Jesus through educating, sheltering and clothing the poor. Another way the Sisters of Mercy have practiced the roles of both Catherine McAuley and Jesus are through the kingly roles they demonstrated throughout their life. An example of this would be having a loving relationship with God and protecting the poor, educating them with God's love without converting them. Overall, the Sisters of Mercy continue to live out Catherine McAuley's legacy by displaying the role of Jesus everyday.

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6.0 Priestly, Prophetic and Kingly works of Catherine McAuley

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6.0 Priestly, Prophetic and Kingly works of Catherine McAuley

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Throughout her life, Catherine McAuley participated in the roles of priestly, kingly and prophetic works of Jesus, as Jesus’ actions were portrayed as those of a king, prophet and priest which she copied through her words and actions. Similar to a king she led and influenced others through using her social status, power and wealth to teach others to be moral, creating a balance between the wealthy and marginalized. Catherine portrayed a prophetic life through challenging the injustices that were relevant during the industrial revolution and fought for truth and justice. An example of this would be Saint Catherine sheltering and educating the poor whether it be men, women or children that had been treated unequally to the non-working class. Finally, Catherine lived a priestly life by developing a loving and faithful relationship between herself and God, devoting her life to Him and his creations of man. She devoted her life to helping the poor and educating them of the Lord’s love for them and Jesus’ selflessness without converting them, instead letting them convert on their own.

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“Prayer is a plant, the seed of which is sown in the heart of every Christian, but its growth entirely depends on the care we take to nourish it.” – Catherine McAuley Foundation of the Sisters of Mercy. Catherine McAuley was a lay woman of God and communicated with Him and Jesus through nourishing spiritual practices that she partook in every day. Catherine referred to using types of reflection such as prayer and conversations with God. Everyday she would say the Our Father and Hail Mary using her rosary beads and talked to God in times of need for support, faith and love. In doing this, Catherine ventured out onto the street everyday with her sisters, they visited prisons and peoples homes, bringing peace and mercy with them everywhere with their faith and love in God’s kindness.

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2.1 Jesus Heals the Man with Leprosy (Matthew 8:1-4)

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2.1 Jesus Heals the Man with Leprosy (Matthew 8:1-4)

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In this miracle story, Jesus comes down from the mountainside with large crowds following him. Among the crowd, a man with leprosy wishes to be healed knelt before Jesus saying “Lord, if you are willing, you can make me clean.” In response to this Jesus touched the man “I am willing” he said. “Be clean!”, and instantly the man was cleansed of his leprosy and Jesus tells him to tell no one of this but show himself to the priest and offer the gift Moses commanded, as a testimony to them. This story represents the marginalized and outcast’s faith in Jesus and his miracles, believing in him and that he can help. Catherine McAuley’s relationship with the poor (especially women and children) was like this - she earned the trust of the outcasts of Dublin and healed them of their miseries with love and mercy.

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5.0 Reformer's Response to Rerum Novarum:

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5.0 Reformer's Response to Rerum Novarum:

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The encyclical “Rerum Novarum” discusses the capitalism and industrialism of the 19th century, focusing on the injustice of the working class, supporting rights of labour to form unions and rejecting socialism. The encyclical did not support the human dignity of the vast majority of people in the working class, limiting the rights of the poor without taking responsibility and caring for those in need for the common good. Responding to Rerum Novarum, Catherine McAuley was inspired by this text to make a difference by challenging the principles within the letter. The lack of support that was given to the poor, the dignity stripped from them and limited rights placed on the working class inspired Catherine McAuley to help give to the poor for the common good and to dignify the poor. To challenge the encyclical, Catherine opened her house of mercy, educated, clothed and sheltered the poor while spreading the word and love of God.

Image sourced from Caritas Australia. (2020). Catholic Social Teaching. Retrieved from https://www.caritas.org.au/learn/cst.)

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During the industrial revolution, Catherine McAuley lived in Dublin and spent her life helping the working class where their income was little and their hours were long. She was wealthy from inheritance but experienced the deaths of her family and guardians throughout her life. To help others like her father taught her, Catherine saved neighbouring servants from harassment and harm, gave others humane work for stability with realistic hours and confided in her parish to help the working class. Although Saint Catherine was rich and had no need to work due to her cultural background, she founded the Sisters of Mercy to facilitate and work to help thousands women and children from inhumane work and harm, supporting and educating the poor of the love of God, useful skills to sustain them and sheltered them. Using large portions of money from her inheritance, Catherine opened her institute and worked to help all residents of Ireland that were in need of her love and mercy.

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"Do what you can, while you can, for those you can."  – Catherine McAuley

I believe this quote written by Saint Catherine was aimed towards her Sisters, the citizens of Dublin and to all those who would listen to her values of love and mercy. The quote was written so that others would help people in any way that could for a person, impacting them by doing what they could, while they could, for those they could.

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“My legacy to the institute is charity: if you preserve the peace and union which have never yet been violated among us, you will feel, even in this world, a happiness that will surprise you and be to you a foretaste of the bliss prepared for every one of you in heaven.”  – Catherine McAuley.

I believe this quote extracted from Carroll, The Life of Catherine McAuley, p. 435 was written for her sisters of mercy and the people of Dublin to continue living peacefully and in unity. The writing will increase their love for the poor and marginalized even when Catherine is gone. The quote will inspire her sisters and community to visit those in need and happily help them to continue her legacy of mercy.

The following are quotations from the Writings of Catherine McAuley. (2020). [Drawing]. Retrieved from https://www.mercyworld.org/catherine/words-from-catherine/.

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1.3 When and How Did Saint Catherine Act?

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1.3 When and How Did Saint Catherine Act?

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From a young age, Catherine had learned to care for the poor, following in the footsteps of her father until he died. Catherine had always helped the poor and needy when she could in small ways throughout her life, whether it was saving a servant from abuse in a neighbouring home or giving food and clothing to the marginalized in the winter. As Catherine McAuley grew into a young woman, she became more trusted by the working class of Dublin and she realized there were many women on the streets and suffering children in need of her help. Women were degraded and cast aside in society and without work, sold themselves on the streets at the mere ages of 14. When her guardians; Mr and Mrs Callaghan passed away, Saint Catherine inherited a large sum of their money and used it to build the House of Mercy for the poor of Dublin, Ireland. She and her sisters of Mercy sheltered, clothed, educated and fed the poor and marginalized, teaching them valuable skills for a livelihood, how to help others and taught them of the love of God without converting them.

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In the time of the industrial revolution, handcrafted products were substituted for mass production of clothing, furniture, transport and more by the introduction of machines, iron making, techniques in textiles, and other various industries. With new technology to create objects and valuables in high quantities, former workers’ skills became significantly valueless and therefore, spent long hours and grueling work to make a less than steady income or even selling themselves for the safety of a bed to sleep in and a few coins. During this time the only people with stability were others who did not work but lived off inheritance as Catherine McAuley did until founding her institute. While the working class suffered, women were the caretakers of the household, where they might have worked all day and night to withhold their daily routine. In Spite of this, Catherine believed in a balance of both classes and that they may both share work or that the rich would give love and stability to the poor.

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2.2 The Parable of the Great Banquet (Luke 14:16–24)

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2.2 The Parable of the Great Banquet (Luke 14:16–24)

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In the parable of the Great Banquet, Jesus tells the story of a certain man preparing a great banquet for his guests, but when he sends his servant to tell those who had been invited they all make excuses to leave. When the host heard of this, he was so enraged he told his servant to go out into the town and bring in the poor, crippled, blind and lame and when there was still room, he told his servant to go out to the roads and country lanes to compel them to come in so his house would be full of those who cannot repay him. “I tell you, not one of those who were invited will get a taste of my banquet.” —Luke 14:16–24. Catherine McAuley is similar to this rich host in many ways. She was rich herself but used her money for the common good, giving to the poor knowing they couldn’t return the favour.

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Catherine McAuley was born on September 29th, 1787 in Dublin, Ireland and passed on on November 11th, 1841 at age 63. Growing up, Catherine was raised as a lay catholic by her loving father who died when she was 5 years old, but continued to show her compassion, love and care to the poor by following in her fathers and Jesus’ footsteps. Saint Catherine was wealthy until her Mother died, leaving Catherine and her siblings to live poorly until deciding to live with the Callaghan's who were loving but uncatholic and teased Christ. When her guardians died, Catherine inherited their fortune which gave her a high socio-economic status, although having a past of poverty. In 1831, Dublin,  Catherine McAuley founded the house and institute called the Sisters of Mercy for women in need, to show them of God’s love and to educate them for a better life. She used a large portion of her inheritance to build the house to shelter poor children and women while teaching them needlework and education, feeling it was necessary after living a life of watching the poor struggle when she had so much.

(Image made by Laura Blake)

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The reformer I have chosen is Catherine McAuley.

I have chosen this reformer since I believe she was incredibly significant to hundreds of homeless women and children, restored dignity and mercy to the streets of Dublin, and created female empowerment.