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The history of Judo started with Jujutsu. Jujutsu was used by the samurai to fight people that have weapons or armor with throws and joint locks. During the 1850's Europeans introduced guns to Japan. With Japan realizing that guns were superior to swords the samurai were considered not needed. With Japan's economy changing for industrialization Jujutsu was given up and some martial arts were lost too. The Creater of Judo Jigori Kano grew up learing Jujutsu and had his own opinions about it and other martial arts. He dicided to make his own type of martial art. During the time because of Judo could be sports and teamwork friendly it was accepted. https://www.liveabout.com/history-and-style-guide-of-judo-2308267

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Gichin Funakosi is the founder of  shotokan Karate in Japan. The first place in Japan that had karate  It started in the 20th century.Karate comes from two words  "Kara" which means empty and "te" hand so together  it means empty hand.  Though Karate is used as a self-defense it is often used as a workout. It is very difficult to become a black belt , it takes 3-7 years to get. Karate will be in the 2020 Olympics .

https://machosparring.com/5-things-you-should-know-about-karate/

https://www.streetdirectory.com/travel_guide/45601/martial_arts/several_facts_about_karate.html

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Aikido is a Martial Art that focuses on self defense with the objective of not hurting the attacker and resolving the problem peacefully. It was developed By Morihei Ueshiba in the early twentieth century after learning various different martial arts from armed and unarmed combat. Aikido is condsidered a path of self-development and Morihei Ueshiba believed that anyone can learn Aikido. Aikido you work with a partner, still employing effective technique against an quick and real attacks, while using their attack and redirecting its energy back to the attacker. You practice techniques against attacks such as kicks, punches, strikes, single-hand or two-hand grabs from the front or rear, chokes, multiple person attacks, and attacks with weapons. https://aaa-aikido.com/about-aikido/
A match of Aikido
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=63ENGr82p0o